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This work firstly reviews the experimental data for centrifugal pumps operating in steady-state and transient two-phase flow. The pump head and torque become degraded in two-phase pumping operation. This degradation becomes increasingly severe and abrupt as pump specific speed falls, and is chiefly due to the reduced impeller performance. Degradation depends primarily on specific speed and pump geometry, void fraction and flow coefficient. Degradation also depends on flow regime, fluid viscosity, flow rate and system pressure. The evidence suggests that transient pump performance can be accurately predicted by steady-state tests.A pseudo-two-dimensional analysis is then presented of two-phase flow through a centrifugal pump to predict the head and torque performance over the full range of operating conditions. The loss of performance in the impeller in pumping operation is caused by the large slip that develops between the two phases as the gas slows dramatically compared to the liquid, particularly in stratified flow. In these conditions there is little or no pressure recovery by diffusion in the pump casing, with further energy losses at the impeller exit due to flow impact against the casing.The head and torque performance predicted by the model compared favourably with the results from the single-phase and two-phase experimental pump tests. The comparisons cover all 4 quadrants of pump operation over the whole voidage range for a comprehensive range of pump designs and fluid mixtures. A number of recommendations are made to improve two-phase pump performance for industrial applications.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Between 1940 and 1945, the Special Operations Executive (SOE) carried out sabotage and organised resistance across occupied Europe. There have, however, only been a small number of scholarly studies of SOE’s activities, and no specific examination of its involvement in occupied Norway. This thesis, therefore, is the first multi-archival, international, and academic analysis of its policy and operations in this country and the influences that shaped them. The proposition is that it was the changing contribution of both SOE and Norway within the wider strategic context in Europe that was the predominant factor behind its plans for this theatre, and other factors, although material, were of secondary importance. These included SOE’s relationship with the Norwegian government-in-exile and the resistant movements that emerged in response to the occupation, especially Milorg, which set out to form an underground army within the country. As well as collaboration with the other clandestine organisations and regular armed forces that had a military involvement in Norway. Through an examination of these contextual influences this work argues that between 1940 and 1945, in step with its original strategic role, SOE’s policy for Norway consisted of a short-term objective, which through activities such as sabotage was to help undermine German fighting strength, and a long-term objective of forming a secret army. These aims could not, however, be achieved or implemented without the co-operation of the Norwegian military authorities and Milorg, who provided most of the manpower, and the assistance of the other military agencies that often operated alongside SOE. From the beginning, therefore, SOE deliberately set out to work with all these parties, but always on the basis that any joint activity was undertaken in accordance with British and Allied interests. This meant that SOE’s operations in Norway were ultimately the result of a blend of influences. It was, however, this country’s subordinate and peripheral position in relation to the main thrust of Allied strategy in Europe that was the crucial factor. The constructive relationship that the organisation eventually had with the Norwegian authorities and Milorg was also important because it meant that SOE both received the support it required and managed to ensure Allied control over special operations in this theatre. It was, therefore, a relationship that was beneficial and rather than undermining SOE’s plans, it underpinned them and guaranteed they remained in step with strategic and military requirements.

My Master of Fine Art research explores the fracturing and fermentation that occurs when two cultural identities first collide, then begin to merge, one traditionally steeped in collective thinking and community – Korea, and the other with a focus on the individual and autonomy – Canada. I was trained as an artist in South Korea and learned from masters who had decades of experience in the field of traditional ceramics. Until I moved to Canada, my work focused on Korean traditional ceramics and its history. However, my desire to be recognized as an individual artist instead of another anonymous traditional ceramic artist has grown tremendously since I restarted my journey as a ceramic artist here in Canada. After practicing in the ceramics field in North America for two years, I am starting to understand what the differences are between Korea, where I received my initial education, and Canada, my adopted culture. The struggles I have experienced as an artist from outside of this new culture made me think about myself as an individual. I am now starting to discover my own unique voice in my work with clay. / October 2016

The presented PhD thesis is focused on the synthesis, characterization, and modifications of zeolites and zeolitic materials. The main interests are two-dimensional (2D) zeolites and modification of their interlamellar space. Presented work was performed at the Department of Synthesis and Catalysis at J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry in Prague, Czech Republic under the supervision of Prof. Jiří Čejka. Zeolites are inorganic crystalline solids with a microporous framework structure. They are widely used as catalysts, sorbents, and ion-exchangers. Conventional zeolites have been recognized as three-dimensional (3D) tetrahedrally-connected frameworks. However, some of them are also known to exist in various layered forms (2D zeolites). Recently, the transformation of 3D germanosilicate UTL into layers (IPC-1P) has started a new branch in 2D zeolites chemistry. This chemically selective degradation of UTL framework was performed via acid hydrolysis. In the structure of this germanosilicate, Ge atoms are preferentially located in specific building units, double-four-rings (D4R), which connect dense silica layers. Modifications of the layered precursor IPC-1P led to discovery of the two novel 3D zeolites: IPC-4 (PCR) and IPC-2 (OKO). This novel approach in the zeolite synthesis, called ADOR...

Previous work on two-treatment comparisons has shown that the use of optimal response-adaptive randomisation with group sequential analysis can allocate more patients to the better-performing treatment while preserving the overall type I error rate. The sequence of test statistics for this adaptive design asymptotically satisfi es the canonical joint distribution. The overall type I error rate can be controlled by utilising the error-spending approach. However, previous work focused on immediate responses. The application of the adaptive design to censored survival responses is investigated and different optimal response-adaptive randomised procedures compared. For a maximum duration trial, the information level at the fi nal look is usually unpredictable. An approximate information time is defi ned. Several treatments are often compared in a clinical trial nowadays. The adaptive design generalised to multi-arm clinical trials is studied. First, a global test is considered. The joint distribution of the sequence of test statistics no longer has the canonical distribution. However, the joint distribution can be derived, since the test statistic is a quadratic form of independent normal variables. Existing critical boundaries are based on normal responses and known variances with equal allocation and equal increments in information. Our results show that these boundaries can be used approximately for designs with other types of responses, unequal variances or unbalanced allocation. If the global null hypothesis is rejected, then pairwise comparisons are conducted at the current and subsequent looks to investigate which treatment effects differ. This is an analogue of Fisher's least signi cant difference method that can control the family-wise error rate. The adaptive design can target any optimal allocation to achieve some optimality criterion, and allows dropping of inferior treatments at interim looks, which can be unequally spaced in information time. Optimal allocation proportions after dropping arms are described. The power is not adversely affected by unbalanced allocation.