The situation of Palestinian refugees is one of the most burning issues related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Its solution is at the same time one of the key conditions for the settlement of this conflict, whose beginning may be traced back already in connection with the first alija - the first wave of Jewish immigration after the anti - Semitic pogroms in 1881. The importance of this problem is confirmed e.g. by the text of the Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) of 1967, which considers the upright solution for Palestinian refugees as one of the prerequisites for lasting peace in the Middle East. This question has been subject of many peace negotiations between the representatives of the concerned states lately, which only illustrates the high international topicality of the given problem. The aim of the dissertation is to define the term Palestinian refugee in the historic, political and legal context and in this connection to determine the position of Palestinian refugees in international law as an initial point, which is followed by the international law analysis of their right to return. First part of the study therefore will try to make a systematic overview in the extent of the term Palestinian refugee. The second part of the dissertation analyses the right of return in the general level and then...

Research about what differences and similarities exists between UNHCR and UNRWA in the opinion of a refugee? This examination focuses on a study between The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and THE United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). Both organizations are UN-related and are in charge of refugees, however they differ by the fact the UNHCR controls all of the world’s refugees with the exception of the Palestinian refugees, for which UNRWA. The aim of this work will be to examine the definition of refugees as well as their entitlements and in what way they differ depending on which organization they belong to. As theory I have, among others, used Rainer Bauböck’s book ” Transnational Citizenship”. In his writing he focuses on entitlements and this book became very useful in my work and helped with the structure of the paper. In conclusion, even though there is some resemblance in the aspect of a refugee’s entitlements, there are a lot of differences between UNHCR and UNRWA, mainly regarding the definition of a refugee but also in terms of assignments. What’s most noticeable when it comes to differences between these two organs is that UNHCR has mandate to assist with international protection and to seek permanent solutions for refugees. The mandate of UNRWA is limited to only assist Palestinian refugees with humanitarian assistance. UNRWA has been criticized to contribute directly to Palestinian dreams of return instead of accepting incorporation of refugees in neigbouring Arab countries.