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Sinterizacao de pastilhas de dioxido de uranio em atmosfera de COsub2SANTOS, GLAUCIA R.T. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Utilizacao da tecnica de espectrometria de massa na analise de gases oclusos em pastilhas de dioxido de uranioVEGA BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Influence de l'environnement sur l'altération de la matrice UO2 du combustible irradié en situation de stockage / Influence of environment on the alteration of the UO2 matrix of spent fuel in storage conditionGaulard, Coralie 12 January 2012 (has links)
Dans le cadre de la loi programme relative à la gestion durable des matières et déchets radioactifs du 28 Juin 2006, la France a choisi comme solution de référence le retraitement de ses combustibles usés et le stockage en milieu géologique profond des déchets ultimes vitrifiés. Néanmoins, les études relatives à un stockage direct des combustibles usés se poursuivent par mesure de précaution. Le concept de stockage prévoit de conditionner les assemblages de combustibles usés dans un surconteneur en acier dont l'étanchéité est garantie sur une durée spécifiée de l'ordre de 10 000 ans. L'arrivée d'eau au contact du combustible après dégradation du conteneur initie les processus de dégradation de la matrice UO2 conduisant au relâchement des radionucléides. Il est de ce fait, important de connaître et de comprendre le mécanisme d’altération de la matrice UO2. Pour cela, des techniques électrochimiques (voltammétries cyclique et linéaire) couplées à des techniques de caractérisation du solide et de la solution (XPS, ICP-MS) ont été utilisées.Une étude thermodynamique et bibliographique du système U(VI)/UO2(s) a permis de mettre en évidence l’influence des conditions physico-chimiques de la solution sur le système, et de mettre en évidence les différents mécanismes proposés pour décrire l’oxydation/dissolution d’UO2 dans différents milieux (non-complexant, carbonaté et argileux). L’étude de l’oxydation/dissolution d’UO2 en milieu acide non-complexant (NaCF3SO3 0,1 mol/L à pH = 3), milieu où le couple UO22+/UO2 prédomine et où la formation de précipités est limitée voire évitée, a mis en évidence un mécanisme en deux étapes électrochimiques et un modèle caractéristique de l’oxydation d’UO2 en milieu acide non-complexant. Ensuite, l’étude en milieu neutre non-complexant (NaCl 0,05 mol/L à pH = 7,5) a mis en évidence un mécanisme en deux étapes électrochimiques et une étape chimique (EEC) dans lequel les deux étapes électrochimiques sont similaires à celles proposées en milieu acide. Enfin, une première approche de l’oxydation/dissolution d’UO2 a été réalisée en milieu carbonaté (NaCl 0,05 mol/L + NaHCO3 2.10-3 mol/L à pH = 7,5) puis en présence d’une phase argileuse (MX80) dans la solution d’étude. Ces études ont respectivement montré l’influence des carbonates et de la MX80 sur la dissolution du dioxyde d’uranium. / Within the framework of the geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel, research on the long term behavior of spent fuel is undertaken and in particular the study of mechanisms of UO2 oxidation and dissolution in water-saturated host rock. Under the law program on the sustainable management of radioactive materials and waste of June 28, 2006, France was chose as the reference solution the retreatment of spent fuel and disposal in deep geological repository of vitrified final waste. Nevertheless, studies on a direct disposal of spent fuel will continue for safety. The disposal concept provides for conditioning spent fuel in a steel container whose seal is guaranteed for a period specified in the order of 10,000 years. It is also reasonable to assume that the groundwater comes into contact with the fuel after the deterioration of container and lead to the UO2 matrix degradation and the release of radionuclides. The oxidation/dissolution of UO2 has been studied by means electrochemical methods coupled to XPS and ICP-MS measurements.A thermodynamic and bibliographic study of U(VI)/UO2(s) system allowed to show the effect of the physical and chemical conditions of the solution on the system, and to show the different mechanisms proposed to describe the oxidation and the dissolution of the uranium dioxide in different media (non-complexing, carbonate and clay). The study of the oxidation/dissolution of UO2 in acidic and non-complexing media (0.1 mol/L NaCF3SO3, pH = 3), where UO22+/UO2(s) predominates and the formation of precipitates is limited or even avoided, showed a mechanism with two electrochemical steps and a model characteristic of UO2 oxidation in acidic non-complexing media. Then, the study in neutral non-complexing media (0.05 mol/L NaCl, pH = 7.5) showed a mechanism with two electrochemical steps and one chemical step (EEC) in which both electrochemical steps are similar to those proposed in acidic media. Finally, a first approach of the UO2 oxidation/dissolution was carried out in carbonate media (0.05 mol/L NaCl + 2x10-3 mol/L NaHCO3, pH = 7.5) and in the presence of clay (MX80) in the solution. These studies have respectively shown the influence of carbonates and MX80 on the dissolution of uranium dioxide.
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Estudo da formacao de solucao solida de (U,Th)O-2 por difracao de raios-XLIMA, NELSON B. de 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Comparacao do desempenho do dioxido de uranio sinterizado sobre forma plana e cilindrica para reatores a agua pressurizadaSILVA, JOSE E.R. da 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Analise de experimentos criticos de UO2-PuO2 utilizando os sistemas NJOY/AMPX-II/HAMMER-TECHNIONFERNANDES, MARCO A.R. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Atrito interno em dioxido de uranioPAULIN FILHO, PEDRO I. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Determinacao de heterogeneidades em UO2 - ThO2 por meio de microssonda eletronicaNOGUEIRA, REJANE A. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Variacao da razao estequiometrica O/U durante a estocagem do combustivel nuclear UOsub2FERRARI, KATIA R. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Estudo do comportamento estrutural e cinetica de oxidacao de dioxido de uranio por difratometria de raios-x em alta temperaturaTEIXEIRA, SILVIO R. 09 October 2014 (has links)
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