This work is focusing on accounting for tangible assets under IFRS and US GAAP. First chapter concentrates on the definition of an asset and on the measurement at recognition of tangible assets. Second chapter deals with the measurement after recognition of tangible assets. Third chapter is concerned with other problems connected with tangible assets, such as leases, depletion of an asset or disclosure. The last chapter contains a practical study which analyses the application of theoretical principles in practise.

The diploma thesis is devoted to the problem of the modern world of differences among two of the most important standards in the world of financial accounting and reporting: IFRS and US GAAP. The main focus was on comparing and searching for the possible differences on the financial reports of US Steel, which has its basement in the USA and it is using US GAAP standards and its subsidiary in Slovakia using IFRS, within the steel sector. The concrete financial statements were analysed by the tools of financial analysis. Hypothetical scenarios were made on the basis of the results, which could have occurred during the decision making process and which were influenced by the differences among the applied standards. The main goal and important thought of the thesis was to indicate to a reader, in which state the convergence between these two standards is and which differences need to be eliminated to make standards equal in giving the view on the financial statements and financial decision making of each company.

This thesis deals with accounting issue regarding the rules for accounting and reporting. The fundamental part is a characteristic of generally accepted accounting principles, their forming and importance in the international financial scale. The aim of the thesis is to describe the process and conditions of the development of these principles and illustrate the impact of breaching of selected fundamental assumptions on the financial statements.

This thesis deals with the requirements of how to approach the issue of testing the value of assets in accounting and recognition of an impairment loss under IFRS and U.S. GAAP. The main objective was to create a comprehensive view of this specific area, eventually determine differences in accounting and reporting between IFRS and US GAAP. There is mostly characteristic of IAS 36 Impairment of Assets and SFAS 144 Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which specify when and how to entity test, identify, report impairment loss. The work also describes the basics of valuation of assets, mainly deals with the measurement by using historical cost and fair value.

This master´s thesis analyses financial situation of FEI Company during years 2003 – 2006 by means of selected methods of financial and economic analysis. It also includes proposals and recommendations for improvement of the present situation with regard to sphere of business and its possibilities.

This thesis focuses on the area of register and account of long-term material possession according to accounting legislative and American accounting US GAAP. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze current situation of register and account in selected company. The main solution is proposition of internal directive. All suggested solutions emerge from completed analysis.

Dans un contexte d’harmonisation comptable internationale visant à améliorer la qualité de l’information financière publiée par les groupes internationaux afin d’en assurer l’utilité, notre recherche doctorale a pour objet d’apporter une contribution à l’évaluation de l’utilité et de la comparabilité de l’information sectorielle. Cette recherche adopte une approche qualitative mono-sectorielle à travers l’étude du contenu des rapports de recommandation des analystes et des rapports annuels des grands groupes hôteliers internationaux, et une approche internationale à travers la comparaison des référentiels IAS/IFRS et US GAAP. Nous proposons en premier lieu d’étudier l’utilité de l’information sectorielle pour les analystes financiers à travers l’utilisation qu’ils en font dans leurs rapports et le lien de cette utilisation avec l’exactitude des prévisions qu’ils réalisent. Nous analysons ensuite l’évolution de la comparabilité de l’information sectorielle « normée » publiée par les groupes et la comparabilité de leurs pratiques de publication hors annexe. En raison de la diversité des pratiques de publication des firmes, l’utilité et la comparabilité de l’information sectorielle publiée par les groupes hôteliers internationaux demeurent perfectibles. / International accounting harmonization aims to improve financial reporting quality in order to enhance its usefulness. In this context, we study the usefulness and the comparability of segment information. Our research is mainly qualitative – analysis of annual reports and analysts’ reports contents - , hotel industry based and IAS/IFRS versus US GAAP focused. First, we address whether segment information is useful for financial analysts assessing usefulness through its use and its link with forecasts’ precision. Second, the research deals with the evolution of normalized segment information comparability and with the comparability of segment voluntary disclosures reported by international hotel groups. We find that, mainly because of the heterogeneity of disclosure practices, both usefulness and comparability of segment information remains incomplete and perfectible in the international hotel industry.

The graduation thesis is targeted at the issue of accounting methods for business combinations. The main goal of the thesis is to describe and compare tree basic accounting methods for business combinations -- purchase method, pooling of interests method and new entity method, especially in terms of the International Financial Reporting Standards and the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Essential part of the thesis is dedicated to the historical development of harmonization of business combination accounting. Changes in calculation of goodwill are also included.

Dans un contexte d'harmonisation comptable internationale visant à améliorer la qualité de l'information financière publiée par les groupes internationaux afin d'en assurer l'utilité, notre recherche doctorale a pour objet d'apporter une contribution à l'évaluation de l'utilité et de la comparabilité de l'information sectorielle. Cette recherche adopte une approche qualitative mono-sectorielle à travers l'étude du contenu des rapports de recommandation des analystes et des rapports annuels des grands groupes hôteliers internationaux, et une approche internationale à travers la comparaison des référentiels IAS/IFRS et US GAAP. Nous proposons en premier lieu d'étudier l'utilité de l'information sectorielle pour les analystes financiers à travers l'utilisation qu'ils en font dans leurs rapports et le lien de cette utilisation avec l'exactitude des prévisions qu'ils réalisent. Nous analysons ensuite l'évolution de la comparabilité de l'information sectorielle " normée " publiée par les groupes et la comparabilité de leurs pratiques de publication hors annexe. En raison de la diversité des pratiques de publication des firmes, l'utilité et la comparabilité de l'information sectorielle publiée par les groupes hôteliers internationaux demeurent perfectibles.

The work aims to analyze the new leasing standard which is supposed to be adopted by IFRS as well as US GAAP. The new standard represents one of the steps in the process of harmonization and convergence between two predominant world accounting standards, which has been in progress since the year 2002. The work provides readers with the comparison of these two leasing standards, resulted from which the need of common lease standard arose. This led to the first exposure draft of convergence standard issue, and finally the re-exposure draft issue. Because the new accounting standard is still in progress, I provide the analysis of the process as at the end of August.