Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:48:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 damasio_pcg_me_botfm.pdf: 932686 bytes, checksum: 72b32fc4eb36609bc10dd5eb046a314d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A litíase urinária tem causa multifatorial, dependendo de diversos fatores como: hereditariedade, clima, alterações anatômicas e infecções do trato urinário, distúrbios metabólicos e ingestão alimentar. A avaliação da ingestão alimentar em pacientes litiásicos permitirá ao profissional da saúde uma orientação dietética adequada a fim de se evitar a recidiva do cálculo a longo prazo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a ingestão alimentar de pacientes portadores de litíase urinária e hipercalciúria idiopática (HI). No período de agosto de 2007 a junho de 2008, foram estudados 105 pacientes litiásicos, distribuídos em 2 grupos:. Grupo HI (n=55) – Foi constituído por pacientes portadores de HI (excreção urinária de cálcio > 250mg na mulher e 300mg no homem com cálcio sérico normal); Grupo NC (n=50) – Normocalciúricos (NC) foi considerado paciente com excreção urinária normal de cálcio. Os critérios de inclusão foram: idade superior a 18 anos, função renal normal (clearence de creatinina ≥ 60 ml/min), ausência de proteinúria e urocultura negativa no momento da avaliação. Gestantes, pacientes que tinham alguma patologia intestinal, diarréia crônica ou que faziam uso de corticóides foram excluídos. O protocolo de investigação metabólica consistiu de coletas não consecutivas de 2 amostras de urina de 24 horas para dosagens de: cálcio, sódio, ácido úrico, citrato, oxalato, magnésio e volume urinário. A ingestão alimentar foi avaliada pelo método quantitativo do Registro Alimentar de 3 dias. A média de idade no grupo HI foi de 42 anos e de 46 anos no grupo NC (p>0,05). Em relação ao volume urinário nas 24 horas, no grupo com HI, em 75% dos casos o volume de urina encontrava-se entre 1000 e 2000 ml, e em 78% no grupo com NC (p>0,05). A Damasio, PCG Resumo... / Urinary lithiasis occurs due to multifactorial causes, depending on different factors such as: heredity, climate, anatomic alterations and infections of urinary tract, metabolic disturbance and dietary intake. Dietary intake evaluation of lithiasic patients will help health professionals to recommend adequate diet to avoid recurrence of calculi in a long term. This study aims to evaluate dietary intake of patients with urinary lithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). Between August 2007 and June 2008, 105 lithiasic patients distributed in 2 groups were studied: Group IH (n=55) – patients with IH (urinary calcium excretion > 250mg in women and 300mg in men with normal seric calcium); Group NC (n=50) – patients with normal urinary calcium excretion were considered normocalciuric (NC). Inclusion criteria were: age over 18, normal renal function (creatinine clearance ≥ 60 ml/min), absent proteinuria and negative urinary culture at the moment of evaluation. Pregnant women, patients with some intestinal pathology, chronic diarrhea or using corticoids were excluded. The protocol of metabolic investigation was based on non-consecutive collection of two 24-hour samples for dosages of: calcium, sodium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, magnesium and urinary volume. Dietary intake was evaluated through the quantitative method of Dietary Register of 3 days. Mean age was 42 years in HI group, and 46 years in NC group (p>0.05). As for the 24-hour urinary volume, 75% of cases had volume between 1000 and 2000ml in the IH group, and 78% in the NC group (p>0.05). Hyperuricosuria, urinary excretion of sodium, uric acid and magnesium were significantly higher in patients with IH when compared with the NC group (p<0.05). Hypomagnesuria was significantly higher in IH Damasio, PCG Abstract group than in the NC one (p<0.05). Regarding the nutritional composition of... (Complete abstract click electronic acccess below)

Resumo: A litíase urinária tem causa multifatorial, dependendo de diversos fatores como: hereditariedade, clima, alterações anatômicas e infecções do trato urinário, distúrbios metabólicos e ingestão alimentar. A avaliação da ingestão alimentar em pacientes litiásicos permitirá ao profissional da saúde uma orientação dietética adequada a fim de se evitar a recidiva do cálculo a longo prazo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a ingestão alimentar de pacientes portadores de litíase urinária e hipercalciúria idiopática (HI). No período de agosto de 2007 a junho de 2008, foram estudados 105 pacientes litiásicos, distribuídos em 2 grupos:. Grupo HI (n=55) - Foi constituído por pacientes portadores de HI (excreção urinária de cálcio > 250mg na mulher e 300mg no homem com cálcio sérico normal); Grupo NC (n=50) - Normocalciúricos (NC) foi considerado paciente com excreção urinária normal de cálcio. Os critérios de inclusão foram: idade superior a 18 anos, função renal normal (clearence de creatinina ≥ 60 ml/min), ausência de proteinúria e urocultura negativa no momento da avaliação. Gestantes, pacientes que tinham alguma patologia intestinal, diarréia crônica ou que faziam uso de corticóides foram excluídos. O protocolo de investigação metabólica consistiu de coletas não consecutivas de 2 amostras de urina de 24 horas para dosagens de: cálcio, sódio, ácido úrico, citrato, oxalato, magnésio e volume urinário. A ingestão alimentar foi avaliada pelo método quantitativo do Registro Alimentar de 3 dias. A média de idade no grupo HI foi de 42 anos e de 46 anos no grupo NC (p>0,05). Em relação ao volume urinário nas 24 horas, no grupo com HI, em 75% dos casos o volume de urina encontrava-se entre 1000 e 2000 ml, e em 78% no grupo com NC (p>0,05). A Damasio, PCG Resumo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Urinary lithiasis occurs due to multifactorial causes, depending on different factors such as: heredity, climate, anatomic alterations and infections of urinary tract, metabolic disturbance and dietary intake. Dietary intake evaluation of lithiasic patients will help health professionals to recommend adequate diet to avoid recurrence of calculi in a long term. This study aims to evaluate dietary intake of patients with urinary lithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). Between August 2007 and June 2008, 105 lithiasic patients distributed in 2 groups were studied: Group IH (n=55) - patients with IH (urinary calcium excretion > 250mg in women and 300mg in men with normal seric calcium); Group NC (n=50) - patients with normal urinary calcium excretion were considered normocalciuric (NC). Inclusion criteria were: age over 18, normal renal function (creatinine clearance ≥ 60 ml/min), absent proteinuria and negative urinary culture at the moment of evaluation. Pregnant women, patients with some intestinal pathology, chronic diarrhea or using corticoids were excluded. The protocol of metabolic investigation was based on non-consecutive collection of two 24-hour samples for dosages of: calcium, sodium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, magnesium and urinary volume. Dietary intake was evaluated through the quantitative method of Dietary Register of 3 days. Mean age was 42 years in HI group, and 46 years in NC group (p>0.05). As for the 24-hour urinary volume, 75% of cases had volume between 1000 and 2000ml in the IH group, and 78% in the NC group (p>0.05). Hyperuricosuria, urinary excretion of sodium, uric acid and magnesium were significantly higher in patients with IH when compared with the NC group (p<0.05). Hypomagnesuria was significantly higher in IH Damasio, PCG Abstract group than in the NC one (p<0.05). Regarding the nutritional composition of... (Complete abstract click electronic acccess below) / Orientador: João Luiz Amaro / Coorientador: Silvia Justina Papini Berto / Banca: Luis Carlos Giarola / Banca: Anderson Marliere Navarro / Mestre

Nous avons réalisé une enquête ethnobotanique sur le nom vernaculaire bwa kaka en Martinique. Durant l’enquête, nous avons constaté que la génération de jeunes avait une plus grande connaissance d’usages pour les plantes médicinales que les personnes plus âgées interrogées. De plus, les utilisations proposées selon le sexe de l'interrogé étaient significativement différentes. Les hommes ont indiqué le bwa kaka principalement pour le traitement des maladies de l'appareil digestif, tandis que pour les femmes l'utilisation principale est magico-religieuse. Les enquêtes ethnobotaniques publiées jusqu’à présent en Martinique n’ont pas examiné ce résultat en fonction du sexe. L’utilisation du bwa kaka, qui était une plante très demandée par le passé, semble avoir aujourd’hui régressé. L’explication est peut-être liée à sa vocation magico-religieuse, cette utilisation ayant quasiment disparu dans la société moderne martiniquaise. Six espèces sont dénommées bwa kaka localement. Nous avons recueilli les utilisations thérapeutiques qui y ont été associées. Cependant, nous avons choisi d’évaluer le potentiel thérapeutique de Solanum triste pour une utilisation qui n’a été citée que pour cette espèce : le traitement des lithiases urinaires. L’espèce a d’abord fait l’objet d’une étude phytochimique qui a permis d’identifier plusieurs composés (acides phénoliques, flavonoïdes, glycoalcaloïdes) par LC-DAD-ESI-MS2. La structure complète du glycoalcaloïde majoritaire intéressant a été obtenue: le 22S, 25S 3-beta-spirosol-5-ene -O- α -L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)beta-D-xylopyranosyl-O(1→3)alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl O(1→4) glucopyranose. Afin d’évaluer le potentiel antilithiasique de l’extrait aqueux de S. triste, trois tests in vitro ont été réalisés : l’évaluation de sa capacité antioxydante, son effet sur la cristallisation de l’oxalate, et sur les calculs déjà formés. Le résultat le plus significatif est le pouvoir préventif in vitro des extraits de S. triste sur la lithiase urinaire ce qui n’a jamais été mis en évidence pour cette espèce et qui nécessite d’être conforté dans des travaux ultérieurs. / We have performed an ethnobotanical survey in Martinique on the common name “bwa kaka”. During this survey, we observed that the younger generation interviewed knew more about the uses of medicinal plants than the older generation. Moreover, the suggested uses for this plant were significantly different and depended on the gender of the person interviewed. Men indicated that “bwa kaka” was mainly used for diseases of the digestive system whereas women indicated that the main use was linked to magicoreligious rites. The ethnobotany surveys published up until now in Martinique did not investigate this result based on gender. The use of “bwa kaka”, which was a plant in great demand in the past, seems to have declined nowadays. This could be explained by its link to magico-religious rites, a practice which has practically disappeared in modern Martinique society. Six species are locally called “bwa kaka”. We have documented the therapeutic uses associated with this plant. However, we have chosen to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Solanum triste for a use that has only been associated with this species, namely the treatment of urinary lithiasis. This plant species was first used in a phytochemical study which made it possible to identify several compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and glycoalkaloids by LC-DAD-ESI-MS2. The complete structure of the predominant glycoalkaloid has been obtained, i.e. 22S, 25S 3-beta-spirosol-5-ene -O- α -L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)beta-Dxylopyranosyl-O(1→3)alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl O(1→4) glucopyranose. In order to evaluate the antilithiasis capacity of an aqueous extract of S. triste, three in vitro tests were performed: the evaluation of its anti-oxydant capacity, its action on the crystallization of oxalate, and on urinary stones already formed. The most significant result is the in vitro preventive capacity of extracts of S. triste on urinary lithiasis, a result which has never been previously demonstrated for this species and which needs to be confirmed in subsequent experiments.