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The objective of this research was to quantitatively assess the urinary excretion of glutamine and glycine conjugates in a free living population of young male adults, in order to establish a profile of detoxification via amino acid conjugation. Also, the effect of certain factors (vegetable, fruit, meat, and charbroiled food intake; tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, and marijuana use; exposure to chemicals and familial cancer incidence) on the urinary excretion of the amino acid conjugates were investigated. Three consecutive 24 hour urines were collected from 40 subjects who complied with a specific collection protocol. The urine samples were analyzed using a HPLC amino acid analyzer. The mean conjugated glutamine excreted was 1.30 mmole/24 hr or 8.74 x 10⁻² mmole/mmole creatinine/24 hr. The mean value for urinary conjugated glycine was 3.91 mmole/24 hr or 26.38 x 10⁻² mmole/mmole creatinine/24 hr. For glutamine conjugate excretion, vegetable, fruit, alcohol, chemical exposure and marijuana use showed marginally significant differences among their subgroups. For glycine conjugate excretion, meat, caffeine, chemical exposure, cancer and marijuana use showed marginally significant differences among their subgroups. An analysis of variance revealed a large degree of between-subject(inter) and within-subject(intra) variability. The coefficients of variation for glutamine and glycine for intervariabili ty were 51.1 and 53.4%, respectively, whereas the coefficients of variation for intra variability were 37.3 and 31.4%, respectively. Probably, the large variability masked any effects of diet, environment or genetics on the observed urinary conjugated amino acid excretion. / Master of Science

The amount of sulfoconjugates excreted by 135 free-living men and the effect of certain factors, i.e. familial cancer incidence, alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, marijuana smoking, medication and specifically analgesic use, exercise, protein intake and the number of meat and vegetable servings consumed daily, were investigated. One day of urine was analyzed for each subject and three days of urine were analyzed for a randomly selected sub-group of 40 subjects. For the one-day sample, the average amount of bound sulfate excreted was 7.45 mmole/24 hr. (0. 49 mole/mole creatinine). Total sulfate was 28.53 mmole/24 hr. (1.81 mole/mole creatinine). The values for the three-day sample were 7.65 mmole/24 hr. (0.49 mole/mole creatinine) and 28.92 mmole/24 hr (1.81 mole/mole creatinine) for bound sulfate and total sulfate, respectively. Of the environmental factors under consideration, a significant difference was observed only for sulfate excretion in relation to beer consumption. Beer consumers excreted more total sulfate in both one-day and three-day samples, and more bound sulfate in the three-day sample than non-beer consumers. Analysis of the three-day data revealed intra- (within subject) and inter-individual (between subject) coefficients of variation of 57.42% and 90.03% for bound sulfate (mmole/24 hr). For total sulfate, intra- and inter-individual coefficients of variation were 22.76% and 67.35%, respectively. The need to consider variation in experimental designs is discussed, and the necessity for further research regarding sulfoconjugate excretion and genetic and environmental influences is documented. / M.S.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

abstract / Family Medicine and Primary Care / Master / Master of Philosophy

Bibliography: leaves 278-289. / xi, 324 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis reports on experimental investigation of the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate mono-dydrate in metastable saline solutions using batch and continuous systems. The physical chemistry of calcium oxalate mono-hydrate in aqueous solutions is considered. A tubular crystalliser to be used as an in vitro system is described. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1996?

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1994. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1996. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1996. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.