Title: Internal motivation of adolescents in sport Objectives: Check to compare emotionally and motivational processes in adolescents using questionnaires. Focus on boys and girl agend 16-18 years, specifically for secondary school students with sports and non-sports focus. Statistically processed and then Compaq the measured data, between the sexes and between schools. Then sorts the results in clear graphs and images. Methods: Students'responses analyzed using questionnaires. School choice was made in secondary schools in Liberec and Prague. Results: Internal motivation does not affect the propensity to exercise. Athletes do not show better results. Keywords: Motivation, motive, emotion, achievement motivation, adolescent.

The psychometric properties of a parent-completed developmental questionnaire for children at 6 years of age were investigated. Currently, few developmental screening instruments for 6-year-old children have been validated, and most available instruments are designed to be completed by teachers or professionals, who may not witness an optimal sample of child behavior. Thus a screening tool with robust psychometric properties is needed that can be completed by parents or caregivers who see the child across settings and time. A total of 169 children participated in this research. Data collection included online and paper completion during well child visits, in clinics, at preschool programs, and in parents' homes. A random subsample was asked to participate in reliability and convergent validity studies. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure internal consistency reliability. Results indicated a Cronbach alpha of agreement with the Child Development Inventory was used. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis with categorical data confirmed the 6-Year Ages and Stages Questionnaire domains, e.g., communication, personal social, fine motor, gross motor, and problem solving. Limitations of the current study and directions for future research are discussed. / 10000-01-01

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional (DERS) de Gratz y Romer (2004). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 253 jóvenes (27.7% hombres y 72.3% mujeres) universitarios de carreras de ciencias de la salud con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 25 años (M = 21.70, DE = 1.75). De dicha muestra, 120 jóvenes fueron encuestados de manera virtual y 133, fueron encuestados de forma presencial. En primer lugar, se analizó la validez basada en la estructura interna mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) donde se obtuvo un KMO de .86 y una prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett que fue estadísticamente significativa (p < .001). Como resultado del AFE de la DERS se obtuvo 5 factores (Dificultades en la Regulación de Impulsos, Aceptación Emocional, Consciencia Emocional, Interferencia en Conductas y Claridad Emocional) de los 6 establecidos originalmente que explicaron el 44.96 % de la varianza. Respecto a las relaciones de convergencia con la Escala de Autorregulación Emocional, se encontró correlaciones no tan altas, aunque estadísticamente significativas entre las dimensiones. Respecto a la dimensión de reevaluación cognitiva se correlaciona negativa, baja e inversamente con dos dimensiones de la DERS (Dificultades en la regulación de impulsos y Falta de aceptación emocional). Asimismo, la dimensión de supresión emocional se correlaciona positiva, baja y directamente con una dimensión (Falta de conciencia emocional). En cuanta la confiabilidad los valores del alfa de Cronbach fueron aceptables (entre .72 y .86), así como los del coeficiente omega (entre .74 y .87). Finalmente, se concluye que la escala cuenta con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para su uso en muestras similares. / The objective of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) by Gratz and Romer (2004). The sample consisted of 253 young people (27.7% men and 72.3% women) university health sciences aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 21.70, SD = 1.75). Of this sample, 120 young people were surveyed virtually and 133, were surveyed in person. First, the validity of the internal structure was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis (AFE), where a KMO of .86 was obtained and a Bartlett sphericity test was statistically significant (p <.001). As a result of the DIE of the DIE, we have obtained 5 factors (Difficulties in the Regulation of Impulses, Emotional Acceptance, Emotional Consciousness, Behavior Interference and Emotional Clarity) of the 6 elements that explain 44.96% of the variance. Regarding the relationships of convergence with the Emotional Self-Regulation Scale, there are correlations not so high, although statistically significant between the dimensions. Regarding the cognitive reassessment dimension, it correlates negatively, low and inversely with the dimensions of the DERS (Difficulties in the regulation of impulses and lack of emotional acceptance). Also, the dimension of emotional suppression correlates positively, lowly and directly with one dimension. In terms of reliability, the values of Cronbach's alpha were acceptable (between .72 and .86), as well as the omega coefficient (between .74 and .87). Finally, it is concluded that the scale has psychometric properties for its use in similar samples. / Tesis

This study describes epistemological beliefs from students in the Degree of Pedagogy at the University of Barcelona (Spain), and analyzes differences inthese beliefs according to their year of study, gender, and age. To do so, the psychometric properties (construct validity and internal consistency) of SchommerEpistemological Questionnaire (1990) were estimated. 229 students participated.Results show that the reliability of the instrument is moderate (a = .653), and the factorial structure revealed validates the epistemological model proposed by Schommer. Furthermore, the results indicate that final year student beliefs aremore sophisticated than first year student beliefs in respect to learning ability andto the structure and certainty of knowledge. Differences were also found owningto the student’s gender, but not to age. / El presente estudio describe las creencias epistemológicas de los estudiantes de pedagogía de la Universidad de Barcelona (España) y analiza diferencias en sus creencias debido al momento de formación, sexo y edad. Para ello se estimaron las propiedades psicométricas (validez de constructo y consistencia interna) del Cuestionario de Creencias Epistemológicas de Schommer (1990). Participaron 229 estudiantes.Los resultados muestran que la fiabilidad del instrumento es moderada (α = .65)y la estructura factorial hallada valida el modelo epistemológico propuesto porSchommer. Asimismo, los resultados indican que las creencias de los estudiantes deúltimo año son más sofisticadas respecto a la habilidad para aprender, estructura y  certeza del conocimiento, en comparación a los estudiantes de primer año. También se encontraron diferencias debido al sexo, pero no debido a la edad. / Os objetivos deste estudo são descrever as crenças epistemológicas dos estudantesde pedagogia da Universidade de Barcelona (Espanha), e analisar diferenças emsuas crenças, tendo em conta a formação em estudos de ensino superior (primeiroe no último ano), sexo e idade. Para fazê-lo, se fez uma estimação das propriedades psicométricas (validade de construto e consistência interna) do Questionário de Crenças Epistemológicas (Schommer, 1990), com a participação de 229 estudantes.Os resultados mostram que a confiabilidade do instrumento é moderada (α = 0,65) e que a estrutura de fatores valida o modelo epistemológico de Schommer. Os resultados também indicam que as crenças dos estudantes do último ano sãomais sofisticadas sobre a capacidade de aprender e a estrutura e a certeza do conhecimento, isto em comparação com os estudantes do primeiro ano. Houve também diferenças devido ao sexo, mas não por causa da idade.

Introduction: Before 2015 the hand classification in wheelchair rugby consisted of non-sport specific tests. The hand classification was not in accordance with the classification code introduced by the International Paralympic Committee in 2003. In 2015, the newly revised wheelchair rugby classification manual was released, containing the revised wheelchair rugby hand classification. Hand tests that were not functional sport-specific tests were removed from the bench test in wheelchair rugby classification. Lumbrical, interossei and thumb opposition manual muscle testing were added to the bench test in wheelchair rugby classification. On both national and international levels of classification, classifiers verbalised their uncertainty to their fellow panel members regarding their hand placement on the athlete’s hand and interpretation of the manual muscle testing of the hand that was observed and tested. This justified reliability testing of the new hand classification. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the intra and inter-rater reliability of the manual muscle testing in the new hand classification of wheelchair rugby. Study design: This study followed a quantitative non-experimental, cross-sectional design. Method: The raters who took part in the study were active international wheelchair rugby classifiers from all over the world. The raters received an electronic questionnaire consisting of biographic information and three videos repeated two times. Each video showed an athlete’s hand being classified by a classifier. The raters had to give a manual muscle test grade for each subject (muscle) tested in each video by using tick boxes. The manual muscle test grades that could be given were: 0-1, 2, 3 and 4-5. The first three raters in each international wheelchair rugby classification level who completed the questionnaire were used for the data analysis. Data Analysis: The statistician used the two way model for the ICC in which each subject was rated by the same raters to determine the absolute agreement for each objective. The Medcalc program was used. To indicate the strength of agreement the ranges provided by Landis and Koch (1977) were used: 0.0 – 0.2 slight, 0.21 – 0.4 fair, 0.41 – 0.6 moderate, 0.61 – 0.8 substantial and 0.81 – 1.00 almost perfect. Conclusion: Raters one, two, five, seven, eight and nine’s intraclass correlation coefficient values fell between 0.81-1.00 which is descriptive of almost perfect levels of intra-rater reliability. Raters three, four and six’s intraclass correlation coefficient values fell between 0.61-0.80 which is descriptive of substantial levels of intra-rater reliability. However, none of the raters scored 100% when accuracy was determined. All three levels had intraclass correlation coefficient values which is descriptive of almost perfect levels of intra-rater reliability within each level. Level 2, 3 and 4 classifiers had intraclass correlation coefficient values between 0.81- 1.00 which is descriptive of almost perfect levels of inter-rater reliability when the manual muscle testing grades for the first and repeated videos were compared. Across all nine raters there was a high intraclass correlation coefficient value which was descriptive of almost perfect inter-rater reliability. The accuracy in each level and across all nine raters was low. Finger extensors, thumb abductor and thumb flexor showed intraclass correlation coefficient values between 0.41-0.6 which is descriptive of moderate levels of intrarater reliability. The only subjects (muscles) that were graded accurately when compared to a memorandum were subjects with a manual muscle test grade 0-1 and 4-5. Most of the accurate manual muscle test grades were for athlete two in the video footage. Athlete two was classified as having a 2.0 hand. / Dissertation (MOccThe)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Occupational Therapy / MOccThe / Unrestricted

Measuring the level of family-friendly orientation in companies Abstract The thesis deals with measurement of family-friendly orientation in companies, which is relatively neglected in the literature. Family-friendly orientation of a company is advantageous not only for its employees - the parents, but also for the employer. It is becoming a significant aspect of the company's competitiveness on the labour market and leads to decrease in morbidity, decrease in staff turnover, and even increase in work productivity. The family-friendly index (POF index) has been used to measure the family-friendly orientation for several years in Germany and Austria. The main goal of this thesis is to verify whether the POF index could also be an appropriate tool for measuring the level of family-friendly orientation in Czech companies. Based on the evaluation of reliability and validity by authors of the POF index and based on own qualitative evaluation the author of this thesis concluded that the instrument is suitable for Czech companies as well, i.e. that the POF index in the Czech Republic does not suffer from any deficiency that does not manifest in Germany or Austria. Measurements using the POF index are however adversely affected by a low response rate of about 10% with German and Austrian respondents. Similar...

The Atlanta Inspection and Maintenance program ultimately aims to reduce on-road vehicular emission, a major source of air pollution. The program enforces eligible vehicles to be inspected and repaired, if necessary, before the annual registration renewal. However, various factors can influence the program implementation with respect to the motorists, inspectors, and testing technology. This research explores some of these factors by using empirical data from the Continuous Atlanta Fleet Evaluation project, the inspection transaction records, the Atlanta Household Travel Survey, and the U.S. Census Bureau. The study discusses policy implications of findings from the three essays and offers related recommendations. The first essay examines whether the higher income of a vehicle owner decreases the odds of the vehicle failing the first inspection. Findings show that vehicles owned by low-income households are more likely to fail the first inspection of the annual test cycle. However, after controlling for the vehicle characteristics, the odds of failing the first inspection are similar across households. This suggests that the maintenance behaviors are approximately the same for high- and low-income households. The second essay explains the motorists' decisions in selecting their inspection stations using a random utility model. The study finds that motorists are likely to choose the inspection stations that are located near their houses, charge lower fees, and can serve a large number of customers. Motorists are less likely to choose the stations with a relatively high failure ratio especially in an area of low station density. Moreover, motorists do not travel an extra mile to the stations with lower failure ratio. Understanding choices of vehicle owners can shed some light on the performance of inspection stations. The third essay investigates the validity and reliability of the on-board diagnostic generation II (OBD II) test, a new testing technology required for 1966 and newer model year vehicles. The study compares the inspection results with the observed on-road emission using the remote sensing device (RSD) of the same vehicles. This research finds that the agreement between the RSD measurement and the OBD II test is lower for the relatively older or higher use vehicle fleets