Spelling suggestions: "subject:"ariable speed operation"" "subject:"aariable speed operation""
1 |
Microcentrale hydroélectrique à vis d'Archimède : modélisation et analyse de performances / Small hydro plant using Archimedes screw : modeling and performance analysisRohmer, Julien 10 January 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur l’étude des microcentrales hydroélectriques à vis d’Archimède. Il s’agit dans ces travaux de proposer une solution alternative à l’hydroélectricité à petite échelle, en exploitant les ressources inutilisées telles que les petites rivières ou les cours d’eau. Ces microcentrales inversent le principe de fonctionnement de la pompe à vis d’Archimède. Elles exploitent la puissance hydraulique disponible dans les usines hydroélectriques de très basses chutes. A partir de l’état de l’art, un modèle numérique est établi pour estimer les rendements, la production d’énergie et la rentabilité pour un fonctionnement à vitesse variable des microcentrales hydroélectriques à vis d’Archimède. Les différents résultats théoriques et de simulation ont été validés expérimentalement sur le prototype de l’INSA de Strasbourg, développé dans le cadre de cette thèse. Enfin, des actions sont menées sur le prototype expérimental afin de maximiser le transfert d’énergie et de limiter les pertes. Pour finir, une stratégie MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tacking) très spécifique est développée et est actuellement en cours d’implémentation. / This work focuses on a small hydro plant which uses the Archimedes screw. This is an alternative solution to smallscale hydropower as it employs unused resources such as small rivers or streams. Archimedes screw plants reverse the pump use principle and employ the available stream power for energy production in very low head application. Based on the state-of-the-art, a numerical model is established to estimate efficiencies, energy production and profitability of variable speed operations for a small hydro plant using Archimedes screw. Several theoretical results and simulations are proposed. We validated them experimentally on the prototype of INSA Strasbourg, developed within the framework of this thesis. Finally, actions carried out on the experimental prototype led to maximizing the transfer of energy and limiting losses. Then a very specific MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control strategy is developed and is currently being implemented.
|
2 |
Controle e supervisão de fonte ininterrupta de energia híbrida / Control and supervision of hybrid Uninterrupted power supplyTibola, Jonas Roberto 13 February 2017 (has links)
This work presents contributions to the modeling, control and management of an
hybrid uninterrupted power supply (UPS) based on Otto cycle power generator set and
lead acid battery bank. The proposed configuration is called hybrid due to the presence
of two energy storage elements: i) the fuel fed the Otto cycle internal combustion engine
(ICE) of the generator set and ii) a lead acid battery bank, which can be recharged from
the grid or from the generator. With the hybridization it is possible to add up the advantages
of UPS’s such as uninterrupted power supply and high output energy quality with
the advantages of power generator sets, such as high autonomy and lower installation cost
for high autonomy. In addition, with the hybrid topology it is possible to explore degrees
of freedom that do not exist in the independent configurations, such as: i) variable
speed operation and ii) start-stop operation of the MCI in order to reduce consumption/
emissions in lower loads, (iii) use of Otto cycle engine with lower cost in relation to
a Diesel ICE. The hybrid UPS is composed of an Otto cycle internal combustion engine
(ICE), a three-phase/three-wire rectifier, which can be connected via contactors to the
grid, or to the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a battery bank connected
to the DC bus through a bi-directional boost converter, and a three-phase/four-wire
inverter at the output. Experimental results are provided indicating that variable speed
operation can achieve a reduction of up to 32% in specific fuel consumption, depending
on the load range. For start-stop operation, the reduction in specific fuel consumption
can reach up to 39%, depending on the load range. / Este trabalho apresenta contribuições a modelagem, controle e gerenciamento de
uma fonte ininterrupta de energia (UPS) híbrida baseada em grupo motor ciclo Otto e
bateria chumbo ácido. A configuração proposta é denominada híbrida devido a presença
de dois armazenadores de energia: i) o combustível para alimentar o motor a combustão
interna (MCI) ciclo Otto do grupo motor gerador e ii) um banco de baterias chumbo ácido,
a qual pode ser recarregado pela rede ou pelo gerador. Com a hibridização é possível
agregar as vantagens das UPSs tais como, ininterruptibilidade de fornecimento de energia
e alta qualidade de energia da tensão de saída, com as vantagens dos grupos motores
geradores, tais como, elevada autonomia e menor custo de instalação para autonomias
elevadas. Além disso, com a topologia híbrida é possível explorar graus de liberdade não
existentes nas configurações independentes, tais como: i) utilização de velocidade variável
e ii) operação em regime start-stop no MCI afim de reduzir consumo/emissões em baixas
cargas, iii) utilização de motor ciclo Otto com menor custo em relação a um MCI Diesel.
A UPS híbrida é composta por um motor a combustão interna (MCI), um retificador
trifásico a três/quatro fios, o qual pode ser conectado através de contatoras à rede, ou
ao gerador síncrono de ímãs permanente (PMSG), um banco de baterias conectado ao
barramento através de um conversor boost bidirecional, e um inversor a quatro fios na
saída. Resultados experimentais são apresentados indicando que a operação em velocidade
variável pode alcançar um redução de até 32% no consumo específico de combustível,
dependendo a faixa de carga. Já para a operação em regime start-stop a redução no
consumo específico de combustível pode alcançar até 39%, dependendo da faixa de carga.
|
Page generated in 0.1011 seconds