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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Makrobiotika - plnohodnotná forma stravování? / Macrobiotic - full-fledged form of food?

Sázavský, Jan January 2012 (has links)
Subject: Macrobiotic - full-valued form of nutrition? Objective: Evaluation of macrobiotics as full compensation for conventional diets recommended by the Presidium of the Board of the Society for Nutrition based on the oretical approaches and empirical findings. Characteristics of the ingredients and nutritional analysis in terms of the in impact on physical and mental condition of the human organism. Method: Objectives of the thesis was achieved using method of quotas to select research sample. On the basis of established criteria and defined number of representatives for the sample, were selected only thoseind ividuals who meet these criteria. Macrobiotic menus were analyzedat three men and at free women. The data obtained via measure ments were compared with recommended daily dose. This model was chosen as it was the most recent vision of the diet model. Results: Macrobiotic diet reprents full-fledged alternative form of nutrition, based on research carried out. This conclusion is based on research conducted with free men and free women who provided weekly menus for analysis purpose and conversion to these menus to the nutritional value was sufficiently proved. Based on the out come of the research, it was found that macrobiotics can not be regarded as nutrition offering full energy, as its...
2

Estudo sobre a utilização de níveis supranutricionais de vitaminas hidrossolúveis na produção de frangos de corte / Studies on the effects of supra-nutritional levels of water-soluble vitamins on broiler production

Suckeveris, Diana 08 April 2019 (has links)
A exigência em vitaminas do complexo B pode modificar para frangos de corte criados sob condições comerciais (i.e. condições de estresse, presença de doenças, ambiente desfavorável). Esse incremento nos níveis de suplementação vitamínica pode ser necessário para que as aves atinjam elevadas taxas de crescimento, melhorem o aproveitamento dos alimentos e a saúde animal. No presente estudo foram realizados três experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar níveis supranutricionais de suplementação das vitaminas riboflavina, ácido pantotênico, niacina, ácido fólico e vitamina B12 na produção de frangos de corte. Para isto, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em gaiolas para avaliar o efeito dos níveis das vitaminas riboflavina, ácido pantotênico, niacina, ácido fólico e vitamina B12 (controle, três ou seis vezes o controle) e o nível nutricional e energético (regular ou superior) que promoveram as melhores respostas para frangos de corte, sendo no experimento I utilizada dieta vegetal e no experimento II foram incluídas farinhas de origem animal e óleo de soja oxidados na ração. Frangos alimentados com dieta vegetal formulada com densidade nutricional regular apresentaram respostas positivas de ganho de peso (741,1 g vs. 697,3 g) e consumo de ração (920.2 vs. 878.5 g) em relação aos demais tratamentos quando utilizado nível supranutricional seis vezes o controle das vitaminas avaliadas. Por outro lado, os níveis supranutricionais de vitaminas não apresentaram efeitos no desempenho de animais alimentados com ingredientes origem animal e óleo de soja oxidados. Com base nas respostas obtidas nestes experimentos, foram definidos os tratamentos do estudo em aviário experimental, simulando condições comerciais de criação. Utilizou-se dieta vegetal formulada com nível nutricional e energético regular para avaliar o uso de nível de suplementação vitamínica controle e seis vezes o controle em duas condições de estresse, baixa e moderada. Para compor estas condições de estresse foi considerada a combinação de dois fatores: densidade de alojamento (10 aves/m2 ou 11,5 aves/m2) e desafio com vacina contra coccidiose. Aos sete dias de idade, aves sob condição moderada de estresse foram desafiadas com uma dosagem 10 vezes em relação ao recomendado pelo fornecedor de uma vacina contra coccidiose. Após o desafio com a vacina, aves sob moderada condição de estresse apresentaram decréscimo no desempenho em relação as criadas sob baixa condição de estresse. Não houve efeito estatístico do uso de nível supranutricional de vitaminas sobre o desempenho das aves. No entanto, aves alimentadas com superdose de vitaminas seis vezes o controle obtiveram maior rendimento de carcaça em comparação às alimentadas com nível controle (73.16 vs. 72.77%, P = 0.008). Devido ao fato das condições de estresse impostas neste estudo não serem severas como as encontradas no campo, a utilização de nível supranutricional de vitaminas não foi eficiente em recuperar o desempenho das aves. Por outro lado, há um potencial de melhora no rendimento de carcaça com o uso desses níveis. / Vitamin requirements for chickens may increase in adverse conditions, such as stress, diseases, and poor environment. Increased dietary supplementation may be needed for broilers to reach higher growth levels, improve their feed absorption and welfare. Therefore, in the present study, a series of three experiments were designed to evaluate the effect supra-nutritional levels of the vitamins riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid and vitamin B12 on broiler production. Two experiments were conducted in batteries to assess the supra-nutritional levels of the vitamins mentioned above (control, three- or six-times control), and the dietary nutrient density (low- or high-level) on chickens\' performance. The basal feed differed between experiments: Exp. I - corn and soybean meal-based diet; Exp. II - diet containing oxidized animal by-products and soybean oil. In Exp. I, birds showed greater weight gain (741.1 g vs. 697.3 g) and feed intake (920.2 vs. 878.5 g) when low-density diets with supra-nutritional level six-times control were fed. Nevertheless, there was no effect of supra-nutritional level of the selected B vitamins on performance of chickens in Exp. II. It was therefore decided to study the effects of supra-nutritional levels of the selected B vitamin (control or six- times control) on performance, uniformity, and carcass traits of chickens raised in floor pens under two environmental stress levels (low or moderate). Stocking density (10 birds/m2 or 11.5 birds/m2) and the challenge with coccidiosis vaccine (without or with vaccination) were used as stress agents. At 7d, chicks raised under the moderate condition of stress was challenged with a dosage 10-times higher than the supplier\'s recommendation of a coccidiosis vaccine. The coccidiosis infection impaired the performance of chickens after the challenge. Supra-nutritional level of the B vitamin had no effect on broiler performance. However, the carcass yield was higher when chickens fed super-dose of vitamins six-times control compared to the control treatments (73.16 vs. 72.77%, P = 0.008). Conditions of stress in this study were not severe as in the field and because of this the use of supra-nutritional vitamins had no effect on recovering of chicken performance. Nonetheless, there was a potential improvement in the carcass yield with the use of these levels.

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