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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Exploring Improvements for Autonomous Traffic Management of Underground Mining Vehicles

Ljungberg, Jacob January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
82

Experimental study on stepped spray deflectors for planning hull / Experimentell studie av spraydeflektorer till planande skrov

Castaldi, Luca January 2020 (has links)
Planning vessels can reach high operational speeds thanks to their hull design. Some hull forms will develop large volumes of spray attached to the hull surface. The whisker spray is a thin layer consisting in droplets of water which can ac-count for a large proportion of the total resistance. A new concept to redirect the spray, called de°ectors, has been developed by the Swedish company Petestep. These de°ectors indicate higher e˝ciency than the time-proven spray rails tech-nology by removing a bigger portion of the spray area. The spray is re°ected back-wards rather than to the sides, which allows kinetic energy contained in the spray sheet to be converted to additional forward thrust. However, there have only been a few studies conducted on the e˛ects of de°ectors and there is no precise method to analyze their e˝ciency over the full range of operating speeds. For the above-mentioned reason, experimental testing is needed to have a more complete under-standing of the phenomenon in calm water and waves. In this study, model scale tests of a modular planning hull are carried out at the Davidson Laboratory towing tank. The goal is to verify the beneÿts of the spray de°ectors by direct comparison with the bare hull conÿguration at the same trim angle.
83

Experimental Validation of Innovative High-Speed Craft Spray Deflectors / Experimentell utvärdering av innovativa spraydeflektorer till högfartsbåtar

Osmak, Fran January 2020 (has links)
Hydrodynamic analysis of high-speed craft is a complex problem. For years naval architects have tried improving the eÿciency of the hull, changing its form, the number of hulls, adding spray rails or steps. Spray deflectors, an innovative modification of commonly used spray rails by a Swedish company called Petestep, might be the next advancement in that process. Experimental validation of this concept is the topic of this study. Previous years of towing tank tests showed compelling results, but were unable to draw definite conclusions, mainly due to inability to compare the results of bare hull and deflector hull tests which was a result of unequal trim achieved for equal input parameters (such as weight and speed).With amended test speed range and deflector design modifications, this project aimed to yield unambigu-ous results. Three spray deflectors were designed for di˙erent design speeds, tested and compared with bare hull tests for drag and trim. The results showed that deflectors did not change the running position of the hull compared to bare hull, allowing for an unequivocal drag comparison. Deflectors reduced drag by up to 4.9%.A number of design improvements were proposed as next steps in this research. A further successful proof of concept (increased stability, lower resistance and fuel consumption) could provide a substantial improvement in high-speed craft design resulting in a cheaper and a more comfortable ride with a lower environmental impact.
84

Feasibility analysis of cobots for automation of tightening stations in motor vehicle engine assembly lines

Tobler, Gabriel January 2020 (has links)
The trend of increasingly automated tightening stations in the motor vehicle powertrain production industry, is driving the tooling industry to adapt its of-fering. This thesis aims to answer the question if collaborative robots (cobots) are suitable for tightening applications in motor vehicle engine assembly lines. A collaborative robot is in principle similar to a conventional industrial robotic arm. The part that differentiates it from an industrial robot is its ability to detect and in some cases prevent a collision with a human of close proximity. In order to answer this question three case studies are conducted where the deployment of collaborative robots is assessed. To specifically answer the case of a motor vehicle engine line, two lines are mapped station by station. Then these stations are recreated with a collaborative robot and a tightening tool and a few applications are tested on an actual motor. The rest is simulated with equations, dictating how much time is needed to complete a sequence of tightenings.As a result, most stations on a motor vehicle assembly line could in theory be done by using tightening tools together with one or multiple collaborative robots. However, these kinds of lines are often highly automated. For this rea-son large industrial robots and multi-tool fixtures are preferred today. The large volumes of these lines, mostly mitigate the expected financial gains of replacing a human operator with a cobot. In many cases, the cobot would not have the time to complete all bolts of an application on an engine within the give takt time. Multi-cylinder engines (which is the absolute norm for passenger cars) have too many bolts for one cobot and tool to complete. If multiple cobots are to be used, the cost of the station further increases. Furthermore, re-balancing a line simply to accommodate a cobot would also not be beneficial.Probably a much better application for collaborative robots and tightening tools are smaller, more operator dependent lines. Here the value of a cobot can be utilized to a greater extent. These manufacturers have greater product variance and re-balance their lines more often. As a suggestion for further research, this segment could be invesigated further. / Den allt ökande trenden av mer automatiserade åtdragningsstationer i fordonsindustrins tillverkningslina av motorer, driver verktygsleverantörer att se över sin produktportfölj. Detta examensarbete har som syfte att besvara frågan om kollaborativa robotar (cobots) är lämpliga att nyttjas för åtdragande applikationer i produktionslinor av motorer inom bilindustrin. En kollaborativ robot är i sin princip lik en industriell robot arm. Det som skiljer sig åt är att en kollaborativ robot har förmågan att upptäcka och i vissa fall förebygga en eventuell kollision med en människa som befinner sig i närheten. För att besvara detta har tre fallstudier utförts. För att specifikt kunna besvara frågan gällande motorproduktionslinor har två linor kartlagts station för station. Sedan har några av dessa stationer återskapats fysiskt med en motor och en kollaborativ robot samt åtdragande verktyg. Andra stationer har simulerats med ekvationer som bestämmer hur mycket tid som krävs för att slutföra en sekvens av åtdragningar. Resultatet visar att de flesta stationerna i en motorproduktionslina inom bilindustrin kan utföras av åtdragande verktyg monterade på en eller flera kollaborativa robotar. Men, dessa typer av produktionslinor är ofta väldigt automatiserade. Ofta används stora industriella robotar eller fixturer som innehåller många åtdragande verktyg. De stora volymerna som sådana produktionslinor producerar, dämpar vinsterna av en förväntad kostnadsbesparing. Stora och dyra installationer är inget problem när produktionsomsättningen är så stor. I många fall kan en cobot inte ersätta en människa eller fixtur inom takttiden på en motorproduktionslina där motorn har flera cylindrar, viket är den absoluta normen för personbilar. Om flera cobotar ska användas för att hinna med takttiden är kostnaden snabbt uppe i nivåer som är jämförbara med en mer traditionell installation. Om en cobot skulle appliceras effektivt måste då hela produktionslinan balanseras om enbart för detta, vilket blir ett mycket dyrare projekt. Förmodligen en mycket bättre applikation för kollaborativa robotar är mindre och mer operatörsberoende produktionslinor. Här kan värdet med cobots bättre nyttjas. Dessa tillverkare har större produktvarians och måste balansera om deras produktionslinjer mer frekvent. Som ett förslag för framtida studier kring kollaborativa robotar i produktionslinor är detta ett segment som kan undersökas ytterligare.
85

Development and tests of SONAR array for underwater communication

Hellman, Marcus January 2020 (has links)
Water covers about 70 % of Earth’s surface. Most of the water is located in the ocean’s, which have an average depth of almost 3700 meters. This implies that there is a multitude of phenomena to investigate and discover. But due to human limitations other methods and tools need to be considered in order to investigate the depths. With help of underwater robotics it can be possible to reach further and deeper. In Sweden a research center named SMaRC (Swedish Maritime Robotics Centre) was established. Mainly to maintain the knowledge Sweden posses in underwater technology. The goal is to develop the next generation robots which are smarter, offers longer reach and higher endurance. Currently one of the projects at SMaRC is dealing with underwater communication, where a five element SONAR array has been developed.This thesis deals with characterising the five element SONAR array developed in SMaRC. This is done using two different methods, one theoretical and one experimental. The theoretical method involves modelling the directivity and beam steering the SONAR array has, using theoretical formulas. While the experimental method involves a field test where the directivity and beam steering is measured and analyzed. These two methods are then compared with each other and the result is analyzed.Both the methods are showing similar results for the directivity, where the main lobe is located at 0°. Beam steering of 45° and 60° also gives similar results. For a steering of 45° the main lobe is closer to the input angle in the theoretical method than in the experimental method. In beam steering of 60° the locations of the main lobes are shifted and the experimental method lies closer to the input angle. The side lobes also differs slightly between these two methods and no explanation was found. The Source Level (SL) for different beam steering are recorded in the experimental method to: Phase of 0° gives a SL of 131 dB re. μPA/V at 1 m Phase of 45° gives a SL of 129 dB re. μPA/V at 1 m Phase of 60° gives a SL of 128 dB re. μPA/V at 1 m / Vatten täcker omkring 70 % av jordens yta. Den största delen av vattnet hittas i haven, vilkethar ett medeldjup på nästan 3700 meter. Detta innebär att det finns en mängd fenomen attundersöka och upptäcka. Men på grund av människans begränsning måste andra metoderoch verktyg övervägas för att undersöka dessa djup. Med hjälp av undervattensrobotik är detmöjligt att nå längre och djupare. Ett forskningscenter vid namn SMaRC (Swedish MaritimeRobotics Center) inrättades i Sverige. Främst för att upprätthålla den kunskap som Sverigebesitter inom undervattensteknik. Målet för SMaRC är att utveckla nästa generation av robotarsom är smartare, erbjuder längre räckvidd och längre uthållighet. För närvarande handlarett av projekten på SMaRC om undervattenskommunikation, där en SONAR array med femelement utvecklats.Denna avhandling handlar om att karakterisera en SONAR array bestående av fem elementsom utvecklats hos SMaRC. Detta är gjort genom att använda sig av två olika metoder,en teoretisk och en experimentell. Den teoretiska metoden involverar beräkningar avdirektiviteten och möjliga fasförskjutningar hos SONAR arryen genom teoretiska formler.Medan i den experimentella metoden involveras av ett fälttest där direktiviteten och möjligaphasförskjutningar är inspelade och analyserade. Dessa två metoder jämförs sedan medvarandra och resultatet analyseras.Båda metoderna visar liknade resultat för direktiviteten, där huvudloben är belägen vid 0°.Fasförskjutningen för 45° och 60° ger också liknande resultat. En fasförskjutning av 45° liggerhuvudloben för den teoretiska metoden närmare den givna vinkeln än för den experimenellametoden. En fasförskjutning av 60° är positionen för huvudloben flyttad och den experimenellametoden ligger nu närmare till den givna vinkel. Sidloberna skiljer sig också en aning mellanmetoderna och det är svårt att säga något om dem. Signalnivå (SL) för olika fasförskjutningarär detekterad i den experimetella metoden med följande resultat: En fasförskjutning på 0° ger en SL på 131 dB re. μPA/V , 1 m En fasförskjutning på 45° ger en SL på 129 dB re. μPA/V , 1 m En fasförskjutning på 60° ger en SL på 128 dB re. μPA/V , 1 m
86

Praktisk modellering av vitvatten i den turbulenta vaken för jämförelse av marina propulsorer / Practical modelling of whitewater in the turbulent wake for comparison ofpropulsion systems

Brodin, Felix January 2020 (has links)
En semi-empirisk modell som beskriver vitvattets sönderfall i den turbulenta vaken har härletts utifrån optiska studier av Stridsbåt 90H och Buster Magnum. Bakgrunden är ett ökat hot från rymdburna system mot den svenska Marinen. Fokus har varit Amfibiekårens båtpark. Vitvattenspår syns tydligt i det optiska spektrumet och avges ofrånkomligen från både skrov och propulsor i planande farter. Vid tillräckligt minskad fart försvinner skrovens vaksignatur i rymdburna sensorer men jetaggregaten från amfibiefartygen (Stridsbåt och lätt Trossbåt) avger fortsatt stora mängder vitvatten. Både en högre vitvattenfri marschfart och kortare vitvattenspår skulle minska spårbarheten. Detta leder uppmärksamheten till valet av propulsor. Idag existerar inga lämpliga metoder för jämförelser och därmed inga fastställda krav avseende deras vitvattensignatur.  Beräkningar med modellen görs med initial tomrumsfraktion på den turbulenta vakens yta och vattnets salinitet som invärden. Ett mätförslag som bygger på lokal mätning med konduktivitetsmätare presenteras i rapporten. Förutsatt att dessa variabler är kända är det enklare att bedriva jämförande studier än med t.ex. hydrodynamiska simuleringar och aktiv akustik. Modellen tar hänsyn till signifikanta operativa, miljö- och designvariabler och är således bättre anpassad för planande fartyg i ett näringsrikt och salthaltsvarierande Östersjön än de semi-empiriska vitvattenmodeller som sedan tidigare existerar. / A semi-empirical model for calculating the whitewater signature in the turbulent wake was derived based on optical studies of the Combat Boat 90H and Buster Magnum. The background to the study is an increased threat from Satellite remote sensing towards the swedish marine military forces. A demarcation is made to the vessels of the Amphibious Corps. White-water traces are clearly visible in the optical spectrum and are inevitably emitted from both hull and propulsor at planning speed. At sufficiently reduced speed, the sea surface signature from the hull disappear in satellite sensors, but the white water from the jet-powered amphibious vessels (Combat boat 90 and Fast Supply Vessel) continues to emit large amounts of white water. Both a higher white-water-free marching speed and shorter white-water tracks reduces traceability with space-borne sensors. This brings attention to the choice of propulsor. Today there are no established methods for comparison and thus no established requirements for their whitewater signature. Input variables to the model are local void fraction measured in the surface of the turbulent wake and the salinity of the water. A measuring proposal based on the conductivity probe method is presented in the report. Given these input variables are known, the model is more convenient for comparative studies than hydrodynamic simulations or active acoustics. Significant operational, environmental and design variables are taken into account which makes the model better suited for planning vessels operating in greatly varying water conditions (such as the Baltic Sea) than previous existing semi-empirical equivalents.
87

Composite Hydrofoil Manufacturing For An Autonomous Surface Vessel

Svensson, Anton January 2018 (has links)
The use of composite materials has been common in small craft boat building for a long time. In recent years, there has been a huge push in the development of different types of appendages such as hydrofoils. These hydrofoils are commonly manufactured in carbon fibre composites, due to high requirements in weight and stiffness. These appendages can be difficult to develop and complex to manufacture since manufacturing methods for composites are complex. KTH Royal Institute of Technology is developing a hydrofoil concept for a small autonomous vessel. The hydrofoil is designed to be built in carbon fibre composite. It requires to have control surfaces in order to maintain a stable flight and the electrical propulsion is located on it as well. This makes this hydrofoil one of a kind and the parts that build up the hydrofoil have more specifications than just to be designed from a hydrodynamic and structural point of view like a conventional hydrofoil. This thesis investigated what manufacturing methods should be used when building a hydrofoil like this. Existing manufacturing methods such as vacuum infusion and different types of prepreg moulding have been reviewed and are presented early in the report. The methods have been analyzed from the perspective of the components of the hydrofoil, resulting in an initial manufacturing strategy for the different components. The strategy includes everything from a 3D-model of the part to a finished product, including sheet design, mould manufacturing and moulding of the part. Several tests were conducted before a component was successfully manufactured. Each test was evaluated and presented in such a manner that the reader can understand what is needed to be improved and why. The conclusions of each test lead to an improvement of the manufacturing technique and a new test until the final result was acquired. The tests were examined with a microscope to verify the quality of the part. Then a weight fraction analysis was made on these parts. The final conclusions of the thesis gave successful methods to manufacture the different parts of the hydrofoil. A fast manufacturing method for product development of complex parts was achieved. The resulting parts from the tests show good quality from the analysis.
88

Deep Learning Based Classification of Rail Defects Using On-board Monitoring in the Stockholm Underground

Niewalda, Tobias January 2020 (has links)
The purpose of this work is to find out if an artificial neural network can be useful purpose of this work is to find out if an artificial neural network can be useful in order to detect rail squats with the existing Quiet Track Measurement System (QTMS). Squats are surface-initiated rail defects which arise due to rolling contact fatigue. The monitoring system, installed on seven trains running on the green line in the Stockholm underground, aims to improve the maintenance process. The early detection and surveillance of defects helps to extend the service life of the tracks and reduce operating costs. An artificial neural network is used to analyse the the continuously recorded measurements, which consist of vertical bogie acceleration and surrounding noise, each sampled with a frequency of 22 kHz.In particular, the power spectral density as input for multi-layer Fully-connected Neural Network (FNN) has proven to be promising for accurate squat predictions. The supervised learning was carried out according to the one-vs-all principle, i.e. squats versus all other events. A two-hidden-layer FNN has finally been chosen to complement the QTMS. The usage of the full available frequency range from almost DC up to 11kHz, but minimum 7 kHz, allows good prediction with only low false prediction rates. When concatenating all six measurement channels to a single classifier input, an accuracy of over 96% for the squat class and up to 99.98% can in total be achieved. The chosen network type also showed high stability despite quite strong parameter variations and a massive under-representation of squat observations in the measurement data.However, since limited maintenance information about actual squats is available for labelling and testing, more evaluation is needed. The correct identification of mis-labelled squats indicates the high potentials of artificial neural networks. / Squats uppkommer på rälsytor på grund av rullkontaktutmattning och kan ställa till stora problem om de inte upptäcks i tid. Att upptäcka fel i ett tidigt skede kan minska underhållskostnaderna. Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att studera om man med hjälp av ett neuralt nätverk kan detektera så kallade räls-squats med hjälp ett mätsystem som heter Quiet Track Measurement System (QTMS). Mätsystemet är installerat hos sju tåg på den gröna linjen i Stockholms tunnelbana. Systemet kan användas för att övervaka rälsslitage och kan därför effektivisera underhållet. Den här rapporten presenterar ett artificiellt neuralt nätverk för att kontinuerligt kunna analysera mätdata. Mätdata består av vertikal boggiacceleration och ljudmätningar, båda samplas med frekvensen 22 kHz.Frekvensdomänrepresentationen av uppmätta data i form av spektraltätheten i kombination med flerskikts- och helt anslutna neurala nätverk (FNN) visade sig vara lovande för korrekta förutsägelser. övervakad inlärning tillämpades enligt the one-verus-all principen, dvs antingen har man squats eller så har man inte squats. En artificiell neuron-modell med två dolda lager valdes till slut för att komplettera existerande mätsystem. Användningen av ett brett frekvens-område från nästan DC upp till 7 kHz möjliggör god förutsägelse med bara låga förutsägelser av falska squats. När man sammanlänkar alla sex mätkanaler till en enskild klassificeringsinput kan man uppnå en noggrannhet över 96%, som högst kan man uppnå 99.98%. Nätverket visade också hög stabilitet trots ganska starka parametervariationer och en obalans mellan tillgängliga data för de två klasserna.Eftersom bara några få underhållsprotokoll fanns tillgängliga krävs mer utvärdering, men korrekt identifiering av felklassificerade squats indikerar att den verkliga noggrannheten kan bli ännu bättre. Detta ger också förutsättningar för att snabbare kunna prediktera squats.
89

Jet Stream Velocity fromAzipod on Stadsgården : A Litterature Study of PIANC W.G. 180Application for Stadsgården

Schumacher, Viking Alex January 2018 (has links)
The ferry line company VIKING LINE has put in an order for a new vessel with a planned delivery for the year 2020. The vessel will berth and depart daily from the Stockholm port, Stadsgården. The vessel is equipped with two 10 MW Azipod propeller systems. This new propulsion system has the capability of rotating the direction of the propeller thrust 360° which is different from other vessels currently using the same port. The direction and distance of the propeller from the quay has raised concern at the Ports of Stockholm. The integrity and design of the quay wall at Stadsgården is to be related to the guidelines set in place by the World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (PIANC) Working Group 180: “Guidelines for Protecting Berthing Structures from Scour Caused by Ships.” The guidelines have been compared to the actuator disc theory in order to validate the initial jet stream velocity from the new propeller system. The propagation of the jet stream was later analyzed and a velocity at the quay wall is calculated. A lack of information from certain parameters in the guidelines has led to implementations of assumptions. Uncertainties in the methods and equations presented by the guidelines are discussed. Overall, the guidelines were applicable in the investigation of the new vessel at Stadsgården. The jet stream velocity from the new vessel is compared to the velocity from a similar vessel currently using the same berthing structure. From the comparison it is seen that the berthing structure will be exposed to velocities four times larger than the current jet stream velocities at Stadsgården. A list with recommended action that can be performed by the Ports of Stockholm is presented. / Fartygsföretaget VIKING LINE har beställt ett nytt fartyg med planerad leverans år 2020. Fartyget kommer att trafikera dagligen från Stockholm hamnen, Stadsgården. Fartyget är utrustat med två 10 MW Azipod propeller system. Detta nya framdrivningssystem har förmågan att rotera riktningen för propellern 360° vilket skiljer sig från andra fartyg som för närvarande använder samma hamn. Propeller riktning och avstånd från kajen har uppmärksammats hos Stockholms Hamnar. Stabiliteten av kajväggen på Stadsgården ska relateras till de riktlinjer som fastställs av PIANC Arbetsgrupp 180: "Guidelines for Protecting Berthing Structures from Scour Caused by Ships." Riktlinjerna har jämförts med ’actuator disc theory’ för att validera den ursprungliga jetströmhastigheten från den nya propellern. Spridningen av strålströmmen analyserades senare och en hastighet vid kajväggen beräknas. Brist på information från vissa parametrar i riktlinjerna har lett till implementeringar av antaganden. Osäkerheter i de metoder och ekvationer som presenteras i riktlinjerna diskuteras. Jetströmshastigheten från det nya fartyget jämförs med hastigheten från ett liknande fartyg som för närvarande utnyttjar samma hamn. Från jämförelsen framgår det att kajfronten kommer att exponeras för hastigheter fyra gånger större än de nuvarande jetströmshastigheterna på Stadsgården. En lista med rekommenderad åtgärd som kan utföras av Stockholms Hamnar presenteras.
90

Concept Study and Design ofFloating Offshore Wind TurbineSupport Structure

Johannessen, Markus January 2018 (has links)
There is a need for renewable energy sources that can replace the non-renewable energy sourcesthat we use today. This is on the agenda as one of the United Nations sustainable developmentgoals. Embracing new technologies is addressed as one of the ways of achieving aordable,reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Oshore wind power has great potential as anenergy source, and development of the oating solutions is of special importance.In this report, key design parameters of oating oshore wind turbines are identied based ona literature study on research projects as well as on-going test turbines and wind farms. Thekey design parameters should be used for determining the type of technology suitable for aproject, as well as for guidance in the design phase.Based on the key design parameters, a conceptual design of a semisubmersible substructurehas been made for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine for a site outside the island ofBarra, west of Scotland. The substructure is a three column semisubmersible connected witha closed shape pontoon and no bracing. The wind turbine is placed on top of one of the threecolumns to reduce number of columns and utilize more of the structure.Variation of the column diameter and distance between the columns has been studied to ndsuitable main dimensions. Mass estimations has been made and the required amount of ballasthas been calculated for a set of combinations to select a conguration for further analysis.Hydrostatic and hydrodynamic analysis has been performed on the design to understand itscharacteristics in the ocean environment. Intact stability is considered in the hydrostatic analysis,and the hydrodynamic analysis includes a study of the motions, loads and accelerationsof the structure.

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