The purpose of this study is the distribution, the emission factors, and the emission rates of the ventilation shafts of air pollutant concentration in the Hsuehshan tunnel, and analyze the correlation. The study, in the inside of Hsuehshan tunnel (the southern and the northern) and the three ventilation shafts, the real-world measure air pollutants(CO, NOx, NO, THC, NMHC and SO2) at the same time, and to analyze the concentration of air pollutants in the tunnel that is distribution of the time and spatial. In this study, the ventilation system is natural ventilation in the Hsuehshan tunnel, and the proportion of heavy vehicles in the period are less than 8%. The concentration of air pollutants in the tunnel, showing the exit higher than the entrance, the northern tunnel higher than the southern tunnel and the holidays higher than on weekdays concentration of distribution trends. The emissions and the concentration of air pollutants at the ventilation shaft No. 2 are the highest with the three shafts. All the ventilation shafts on holidays higher than weekdays were displayed on the trend of concentration distribution. The concentration of air pollutants in the tunnel are CO (12.04¡Ó1.85 ppm), THC (4.08¡Ó0.48 ppm), NMHC (2.21¡Ó0.46 ppm), NOx (1.58¡Ó0.23 ppm), NO (1.44¡Ó0.20 ppm) and SO2 (6.33¡Ó0.83 ppb). The results show that the emission factors of air pollutants in northern tunnel are higher than in southern tunnel by influence of slope. The emissions of ventilation shaft a sequence were CO, THC, and NOx. The concentrations(r¡×0.55 − 0.93) and the emission factors(r¡×0.60 − 0.96) of air pollutants are much related with traffic situation, and it shows that the air pollutants change with traffic condition. Comparison the emission factors between this study and past research in the Hsuehshan tunnel show that the air quality are becoming badly.