Le dialecte syrien de Tartous ne dispose pas d’adverbes dérivés d’un adjectif, comme c’est le cas en français, pouvant fonctionner comme adverbes de manière. Par contre,Les deux langues utilisent deux moyens similaires pour exprimer la manière. Le premier concerne la construction introduite par la préposition avec en français et parla préposition bə (‘associatif’) en syrien de Tartous, et le second, l’objet interne en français et l’objet dit absolu en syrien de Tartous. Compte tenu de la différence entre les systèmes linguistiques des deux langues, nous pourrons faire l’hypothèse que même dans les cas des deux moyens comparables dont disposent les deux langues pour exprimer la manière, ils ne sont pas soumis aux mêmes types de contraintes syntaxiques et sémantiques en français et en syrien de Tartous. Cette étude comparative nous permettra de comprendre le fonctionnement de chacun des moyens utilisés dans les deux langues pour exprimer la manière, et par là de faire ressortir les différences syntaxique et sémantique qui séparent les compléments de manière dans les deux langues. / The Syrian dialect of Tartous does not have adverbs derived from adjectives that work as adverbs of manner, like in French. On the other hand, both languages use two similar ways of expressing condition ; the first one is construct introduced by thepreposition ‘with’ (‘avec’ in French, ‘bi’ in Syrian). The second way is the cognate object, or what is known in Syrian as ‘absolute effect’.With the differences between the two language systems in mind, we can assume that even if we have similar ways of expressing manner, yet they are controlled by different grammatical and semantic rules.Comparing the two languages allows us to understand the method of expressing manner in each language, and then identify the semantic and grammatical distinctions between the adverbs of manner in the two languages.

Title: Non­finite Verb Forms as Semipredicates in Russian, Czech and German. A Typological View. Author: Jana Kocková Supervisor: doc. Dr. phil. Markus Giger Abstract: This research paper presents a comprehensive picture of non­finite verb forms in Russian, Czech and German supported by a corpus analysis based on the parallel corpus InterCorp CNC. Equivalents of each of the non­finite verb forms were analysed manually in each of the monitored languages. The data obtained served for typological classification focused on non­finite verb forms as secondary predicates. Different frequencies of the individual forms and mutual competition of various means in language also indirectly result from the analysis. In Czech we may observe generally a strong tendency to express the semiprediaction by means of a finite verb form in a sentence structure. As regards non­ finite verb forms, the actively used forms are participle and verbal nouns, i.e. forms which relate to the existing part­of­speech paradigms. Due to being inflectional they express explicitly syntactic relations. Czech uses the possibility to express the secondary predication by means that are not contrary to morphological regularities of the inflectional type. Russian uses actively all the non­finite verb forms. A high...