• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo comparativo entre a pir?lise do polietileno de baixa densidade, utilizando vermiculita modificada e SBA-15

Bezerra, Franciel Aureliano 20 January 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancielAB_DISSERT.pdf: 3637529 bytes, checksum: 50d6de8b3a00a0b045a5b17d540f59d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Catalytic processes are widely present in everyday life. This results in large number of studies seeking materials that may combine the low cost catalytic efficiency. Based on this assumption, the clays have long been used as catalysts, with its huge availability, diversity and possibility of improving their properties from structural changes, primarily responsible for this great use. Among the natural clays, vermiculite due to their characteristic properties (high cation exchange capacity and expansion), is suitable for various applications including as catalysts and catalyst supports. In this work, the acid leaching of clay vermiculite was performed, coming from Santa Luzia-PB, with nitric acid (2, 3 and 4 mol / L) and subsequent calcination of the materials obtained. The materials were named as Vx/400, where x is the acid concentration employed and 400 used in calcination temperature. The effectiveness of changes made was determined by XRD techniques, FT-IR, EDS, TG/DTG, nitrogen physisorption and DTP of n-butylamine. Acid leaching has improved some properties of the clay - specific area and acidity - but the control of the acid concentration used is of vital importance, since the highest concentration caused the partial destruction of vermiculite entailing a decline in their properties. For analysis of the catalytic activity of the modified clay was made a comparative study with the SBA -15 mesoporous materials, synthesized via hydrothermal method, using the pyrolysis of low density polyethylene (LDPE). The results showed that the acid plays a fundamental role in the conversion of the polymer into smaller molecules, the material V3/400 was more selective for the source monomer (ethylene) due to their increased acidity, which promotes more breaks bonds in the polymeric chain, while materials and V0/400 V2/400, lower acidity, showed higher selectivity to light hydrocarbons, the range of fuel (41.96 and 41.23%, respectively), due to less breakage and secondary condensation reactions chains; already V4/400 SBA-15/550 and resulted in lower percentages of light hydrocarbons and the partial destruction of the structure and low acidity, respectively, responsible for the inefficiency of materials / Os processos catal?ticos est?o largamente presentes no cotidiano. Isso resulta no grande n?mero de pesquisas buscando materiais que possam aliar baixo custo ? efici?ncia catal?tica. Partindo desse pressuposto, as argilas t?m sido muito utilizadas como catalisadores, sendo sua grande disponibilidade, diversidade e possibilidade de melhoria de suas propriedades, a partir de modifica??es estruturais, os principais respons?veis por esse grande uso. Entre as argilas naturais, a vermiculita devido ?s suas propriedades caracter?sticas (alta capacidade de troca cati?nica e de expans?o), ? apta para diversas aplica??es, entre elas, como suportes catal?ticos e catalisadores. Neste trabalho, foi realizada a lixivia??o ?cida da argila vermiculita, oriunda de Santa Luzia-PB, com ?cido n?trico (2, 3 e 4 mol/L) e posterior calcina??o dos materiais obtidos. Os materiais foram nomeados como Vx/400, onde x corresponde ? concentra??o ?cida empregada e 400 ? temperatura usada na calcina??o. A efici?ncia das modifica??es realizadas foi determinada pelas t?cnicas de DRX, FT-IR, EDS, TG/DTG, fisissor??o de nitrog?nio e DTP de n-butilamina. A lixivia??o ?cida melhorou algumas propriedades da argila ?rea espec?fica e acidez , por?m o controle da concentra??o ?cida empregada ? de vital import?ncia, visto que a maior concentra??o provocou a destrui??o parcial da vermiculita, acarretando em um decr?scimo das suas propriedades. Para an?lise da atividade catal?tica das argilas modificadas fez-se um estudo comparativo com o material mesoporoso SBA-15, sintetizado via m?todo hidrot?rmico, empregando-os na pir?lise de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD). Os resultados mostraram que a acidez exerce papel fundamental na convers?o do pol?mero em mol?culas menores; o material V3/400 foi o mais seletivo para o mon?mero de origem (eteno), devido ? sua maior acidez, que promove mais cis?es nas liga??es da cadeia polim?rica; enquanto os materiais V0/400 e V2/400, de menor acidez, apresentaram maior seletividade para hidrocarbonetos leves, da faixa dos combust?veis (41,96 e 41,23%, respectivamente), em virtude de menos cis?es e rea??es secund?rias de condensa??o nas cadeias; j? V4/400 e SBA-15/550 resultaram nos menores percentuais de hidrocarbonetos leves, sendo a destrui??o parcial da estrutura e baixa acidez, respectivamente, respons?veis pela inefici?ncia dos materiais

Page generated in 0.0774 seconds