by Yeung Chung Kwong. / Thesis (M.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 279-311). / STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY --- p.8 / ABSTRACT --- p.9 / INDEX TO TABLES --- p.17 / INDEX TO FIGURES --- p.19 / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.22 / Chapter SECTION I --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- Traditional Concepts of Vesicoureteric Reflux --- p.25 / Chapter 1.1 --- Historic Review --- p.26 / Chapter 1.2 --- Vesicoureteric Reflux (VUR) as an Anomaly --- p.28 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Normal Ureterovesical Junction --- p.28 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Proposed Pathogenesis of VUR --- p.29 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Ureteric Bud Theory --- p.31 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Primary versus Secondary VUR --- p.31 / Chapter 1.3 --- Prevalence and Sex Distribution of VUR --- p.33 / Chapter 1.4 --- Diagnosis and Grading --- p.35 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Micturating Cystourethrogram in the Diagnosis of VUR --- p.35 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Radionuclide Cystography --- p.36 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Grading Systems of VUR --- p.37 / Chapter 1.5 --- Natural History of VUR --- p.38 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- Reflux Nephropathy --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2 --- Pathogenesis of Reflux-associated Scarring --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- VUR and Urinary Tract Infection --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- "Intrarenal Reflux and ""Big Bang"" Theory" --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- VUR with Sterile Urine --- p.47 / Chapter 2.3 --- Effect of VUR on Renal Growth and Function --- p.49 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- Management of VUR --- p.52 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2 --- Medical Management --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3 --- Antireflux surgery --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Ureteric Reimplantation --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Endoscopic Procedure --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4 --- Medical versus Surgical Treatment: Continuing Dilemma --- p.59 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- Antenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Uropathies: Impact on Pathogenesis of VUR --- p.63 / Chapter 4.1 --- Primary VUR Detected Following Antenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Hydronephrosis --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2 --- Impact on Traditional Concepts of VUR and Reflux Nephropathy --- p.67 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- Cystometric Concept of VUR --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.71 / Chapter 5.2 --- Bladder Dysfunctions Associated with VUR --- p.73 / Chapter 5.3 --- Need for A Cystometric Classification of VUR --- p.75 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- "Summary, Hypothesis and Outline of Studies" --- p.77 / Chapter 6.1 --- Continuing Controversies in VUR and Reflux Nephropathy --- p.78 / Chapter 6.2 --- "Hypothesis, Objectives and Outline of Studies" --- p.81 / Chapter SECTION II --- STUDY DESIGN AND RESULTS / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- Primary VUR in Infants with Prenatally Diagnosed Hydronephrosis: Differences Between the Two Sexes --- p.87 / Chapter CHAPTER 8 --- A Clinicopathological Study on Reflux Nephropathy in Children Submitted to Unilateral Nephrectomy --- p.109 / Chapter CHAPTER 9 --- Urethrograms in Male Refluxing Infants with Prenatally Diagnosed Hydronephrosis: Further Evidence for Transient In-utero Bladder Outlet Obstruction --- p.127 / Chapter CHAPTER 10 --- Urodynamic Studies in Children --- p.144 / Chapter 10.1 --- Conventional Cystometry in Children --- p.145 / Chapter 10.2 --- Difficulties for Conventional Cystometry in Infants with VUR --- p.146 / Chapter CHAPTER 11 --- Natural Filling Cystometry in Infants and Young Children: A New Technique --- p.149 / Chapter CHAPTER 12 --- Some New Insights into Bladder Function in Infancy --- p.168 / Chapter CHAPTER 13 --- Natural Filling Urodynamic Studies in Young Infants with Primary VUR --- p.185 / Chapter CHAPTER 14 --- Primary VUR Detected in Early Infancy: Relationship Between Bladder Functional Status and Outcome of Reflux in the Second Year of Life --- p.207 / Chapter CHAPTER 15 --- Natural Filling Direct Isotope Cystography with Synchronous Urodynamic Study (NFDIC): A New Technique with Significant Prognostic Value for Primary VUR --- p.226 / Chapter CHAPTER 16 --- Quantitation of VUR and Bladder Emptying by Synchronous Isotope Cystograpgy and Urodynamic Recording (QIC) --- p.242 / SECTION III DISCUSSION --- p.266 / REFERENCES --- p.279

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Leung Yee Fong. / "August 2002." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 262-287). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, 1999. / Bibliography: leaves 231-266.

Thesis (doctoral)--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München, 1979.

Bibliography: leaves 231-266. / 271 leaves : col. ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Indicates that injections under the ureteric orifice can cure VUR and that the tissue response to the plastics becomes quiescent. Research into embolisation from solid implants from intravenous tubing and the possibility of antibody formation to implanted plastics is also included. A model for fetal VUR has been developed to clarify focus of the uncertainity about reflux disease. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, 1999

Bibliography: leaves 231-266. / 271 leaves : col. ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Indicates that injections under the ureteric orifice can cure VUR and that the tissue response to the plastics becomes quiescent. Research into embolisation from solid implants from intravenous tubing and the possibility of antibody formation to implanted plastics is also included. A model for fetal VUR has been developed to clarify focus of the uncertainity about reflux disease. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, 1999

Les progrès continus de la recherche scientifique dans le domaine de la santé ont entraîné une augmentation de l'espérance et de la qualité de vie. Ainsi, le développement de nouveaux médicaments et des dispositifs médicaux a permis d'améliorer les conditions sanitaires et la prise en charge des patients au prix d'une inflation des dépenses de santé. Ces évolutions ont eu pour conséquences d'inciter les états à mettre en place des procédures d'évaluation de l'efficacité et de la gestion des risques liés à ces nouvelles approches thérapeutiques. Plus récemment, les restrictions budgétaires liées à la crise économique dans de nombreux pays de l'OCDE ont contraint les états à diminuer la part de leur budget consacré à la santé. Cette situation les a conduits à mettre en place des politiques de santé basées sur l'optimisation des ressources.En ce sens, l'évaluation médico-économique et la pharmaco-épidémiologie constituent pour les acteurs de santé et pour les décideurs politiques un outil d'analyse décisionnelle particulièrement légitime. Ils sont aujourd'hui de plus en plus intégrés dans les réflexions sur les stratégies de soins et dans la mise en place des programmes de santé. L'objectif de notre travail de recherche a été à travers deux projets, d'étudier l'intérêt de l'évaluation médico-économique et de la pharmaco-épidémiologie en chirurgie pédiatrique. Ainsi, dans une première partie plus théorique, une synthèse des différentes études de pharmaco-économie, de pharmaco-épidémiologie a été conduite et un état des lieux des études d'évaluation médico-économiques dans la chirurgie de l'enfant a été réalisé. Dans une seconde partie plus pratique, les deux projets concernant la chirurgie pédiatrique sont présentés :- Le projet 1 (pharmaco-économie) présente l'évaluation et l'analyse coût-efficacité dutraitement du reflux vésico-urétéral de grade modéré chez l'enfant.- Le projet 2 (pharmaco-épidémiologie) est une étude multicentrique prospective surl'épidémiologie de l'invagination intestinale aiguë de moins de 1 an (EPIstudy) / The continuing progress of scientific research in the field of health have led to increasingexpectancy and quality of life. Thus, the development of new medicines and medical deviceshave improved the health conditions and treatment of patients at the cost of inflation inhealth spending. These developments have effects for encouraging states to implementprocedures of effectiveness assessment and management of risks associated with these newtherapeutic approaches.More recently, budget cuts due to the economic crisis in many OECD countries havecompelled states to reduce the proportion of their budgets on health. This led them todevelop health policies based on resource optimization.In this sense, the health econoic evaluation and pharmacoepidemiology are for healthcarestakeholders and policy makers a tool for decisional analysis. They are now increasingly integrated into reflection on care strategies and the implementation of health programs. The objective of our research has been through two projects, to study the interest of the health economic evaluations and pharmacoepidemiology in pediatric surgery. Thus, in a first, theoretical part, it is a synthesis of various studies of pharmaco-economics, pharmacoepidemiology was conducted and an inventory of economic evaluation studies in pediatric surgery was performed. In the second part more convenient, both projects are presented in pediatric surgery :- Project 1 (pharmacoeconomic) presents evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis oftreatment of moderate grade of vesicoureteral reflux in children.- Project 2 (Parmacoepidemiology) is a prospective multicenter study of theepidemiology of acute intussusception among infants (EPIstudy)