The thesis focuses on children vulgarity from the basic school teachers` point of view. The children vulgarity is a socio-psychological-communicational phenomenon, frequently discussed in the public but scientifically almost not examined at all. The aim of the thesis is to define factors important for perception and evaluation of children vulgarity by basic school teachers, to specify situations where they meet with vulgarity, how the teachers react and to find out how they evaluate co-operation with parents in situations they have to deal with the children vulgarity together. The research showed that according to their teachers, children learn vulgar words in the family, from their contemporaries and from public media. Teachers feel vulgar words used by children now are stronger than in the past and former vulgar words are considered normal by children today. Teachers say older children use vulgar words more frequently and the words are more intensive than with younger children. When evaluating if vulgarity is appropriate or not, teachers bear in mind context of the situation - in which atmosphere and among what people it is used, whom is it addressed to. They evaluate function and intensity of the word the child used. Each of these factors has got a scale from appropriate/acceptable to...

O trabalho ensaia a escrita, a crítica, e as paixões do pensamento. Ensaia a vulgaridade nas entrelinhas das filosofias de Nietzsche e Deleuze. Vulgaridade: quando a criação de si e do mundo - a vida comum - sucumbe à identidade de um ego que se quer hegemônico. E também sucumbe aos seus malditos frutos: a moral do ressentimento; a prepotência pensante do senso-comum; as armadilhas neuróticas do capitalismo. O trabalho ensaia o combate, as saídas, os encalços, os limites. Ensaia o escritor, o pensador, o espírito apaixonado. Eis que segue um ensaio da vida, por que não? / The work essays the writing, the criticism, and the passions of the thought. It essays the vulgarity behind the lines of Nietzsche's and Deleuze's philosophies. Vulgarity: when the creation of itself and the world - the common life - succumbs to the identity of an ego that desires to be hegemonic. And also succumbs to its cursed fruits: the moral of the resentment; the thinking prepotency of the common-sense; the neurotic traps of capitalism. The work essays the combat, the ways out, the vestiges, the limits. It essays the writer, the thinker, the spirit in love. So it pursues an essay of the life, why not?

O trabalho ensaia a escrita, a crítica, e as paixões do pensamento. Ensaia a vulgaridade nas entrelinhas das filosofias de Nietzsche e Deleuze. Vulgaridade: quando a criação de si e do mundo - a vida comum - sucumbe à identidade de um ego que se quer hegemônico. E também sucumbe aos seus malditos frutos: a moral do ressentimento; a prepotência pensante do senso-comum; as armadilhas neuróticas do capitalismo. O trabalho ensaia o combate, as saídas, os encalços, os limites. Ensaia o escritor, o pensador, o espírito apaixonado. Eis que segue um ensaio da vida, por que não? / The work essays the writing, the criticism, and the passions of the thought. It essays the vulgarity behind the lines of Nietzsche's and Deleuze's philosophies. Vulgarity: when the creation of itself and the world - the common life - succumbs to the identity of an ego that desires to be hegemonic. And also succumbs to its cursed fruits: the moral of the resentment; the thinking prepotency of the common-sense; the neurotic traps of capitalism. The work essays the combat, the ways out, the vestiges, the limits. It essays the writer, the thinker, the spirit in love. So it pursues an essay of the life, why not?

O trabalho ensaia a escrita, a crítica, e as paixões do pensamento. Ensaia a vulgaridade nas entrelinhas das filosofias de Nietzsche e Deleuze. Vulgaridade: quando a criação de si e do mundo - a vida comum - sucumbe à identidade de um ego que se quer hegemônico. E também sucumbe aos seus malditos frutos: a moral do ressentimento; a prepotência pensante do senso-comum; as armadilhas neuróticas do capitalismo. O trabalho ensaia o combate, as saídas, os encalços, os limites. Ensaia o escritor, o pensador, o espírito apaixonado. Eis que segue um ensaio da vida, por que não? / The work essays the writing, the criticism, and the passions of the thought. It essays the vulgarity behind the lines of Nietzsche's and Deleuze's philosophies. Vulgarity: when the creation of itself and the world - the common life - succumbs to the identity of an ego that desires to be hegemonic. And also succumbs to its cursed fruits: the moral of the resentment; the thinking prepotency of the common-sense; the neurotic traps of capitalism. The work essays the combat, the ways out, the vestiges, the limits. It essays the writer, the thinker, the spirit in love. So it pursues an essay of the life, why not?

Key Words: Comparatistics, Intertextuality, Essayism, Esem, Milan Kundera, Ričardas Gavelis, Laughter, Kitsch, Vulgarity, Carnevalism, Thanatos, Sexuality This comparativist thesis discusses the intelectual novel of the end of the 20th century. The study objects chosen for this paper were the works of Ričardas Gavelis and Milan Kundera. Due to the differences in the poetics of the works, it was chosen to analyze four works of each writer's large prose. In the case of Gavelis they are as follows: Vilnius Poker (Vilniaus pokeris, novel, 1989), Vilnius Jazz (Vilniaus džiazas, novel, 1993), The Last Generation of People on Earth (Paskutinioji Žemės žmonių karta, novel, 1995) and Six Ways of Suicide (Septyni savižudybės būdai, novel, 1999). From Kundera's works we picked out The Farewell Party (Valčík na rozloučenou, novel,1972), The Book of Laughter and Forgetting (Knihou smíchu a zapomnění, novel, 1978), The Unbearable Lightness of Being (Nesnesitelnou lehkostí bytí, novel, 1984) a Immortality (Nesmrtelnost in french, 1990, in czech 1993). One of the main aims of this study is to introduce the Czech reader to Ričardas Gavelis: one of the most important and influential writers of Lithuanian literature of the late 20th century. The works of this writer are not yet properly evaluated even in his native...

The thesis named "Sense of Life in the Work of Karel Čapek" treats the problems of raison- d'etre of life seen by Karel Čapek. At first this thesis is preoccupied by Čapek's personality and character of his era. Karel Čapek is characterized as an author in whose works were projected his philosophical views influenced mainly by pragmatism. The thesis analyses Čapek's works treating issues of sense of life. Particularly these are two proses by Čapek "Obyčejný život" (Common Life) and "Život a dílo skladatele Foltýna "(The Life and Work of Composer Foltýn). These two novels are at first analyzed separately and then compared.

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