The narrative of Ines Arredondo presents a wide range of themes that include insanity, the gaze, loneliness, revisionary representations of biblical and mythological stories and various representations of sexuality. This study considers gender and sexuality as ideological constructs in the following themes: male homosexuality, revisionary writing as a subversive discourse and the grotesque body presented as a subversion of the social order. An analysis of the following stories is provided: "La senal," "Las mariposas nocturnas," "Opus 123," "Estio," "La sunamita," "Lo que no se comprende," "Cancion de cuna," "Sahara," and "Orfandad". Each of these stories presents an unstable zone where there is always a social and/or moral conflict. A combination of theoretical perspectives by Louis Althusser, Lucia Guerra Cunningham, Mary Daly, Bernard McElroy, Alicia Ostriker, Tey Diana Rebolledo, Mary Russo and other critics was utilized to examine the aforementioned themes. Male homosexuality is one representation of sexuality that is apparent in the narrative of Arredondo. Homosexuality is presented as social conflict rather than in an erotic manner. The theme of male homosexuality serves as a criticism of how society demands the binary opposition of gender. Arredondo's stories show how there exists a conflict between what is accepted and rejected. Nevertheless, Arredondo's stories also present a feminine discourse that is subversive. This strategy is evident in her stories that are revised versions of biblical and mythological stories. The purpose of these stories is to subvert masculine texts that have dictated women's behavior and have constructed feminine subjectivities from a patriarchal point of view. Another subversive aspect of Arredondo's writing is through the presentation of the female grotesque. Arredondo gives a voice to characters who have been marginalized because of their appearance by their families. The families represent a microsociety which oppresses both men and women. Arredondo's stories exhibit the struggle between Self and other to portray a framework of societal conflict. The narrative of Ines Arredondo presents gender and sexuality as ideological constructs and through this perspective the complexity of human relationships is easily observed.

Each chapter of this study explores the idea of "subjectivity" in relation to narrative closure and a construction of the feminine. The chapters examine cruxes that share a critical heritage emphasizing the author's achievement of "harmony." My reexamination of the "harmony" foregrounds a fracturing, which occurs within the trope of "Marriage," the cornerstone of Spenser's metaphysics of continuity. I contend that the crucial moments of closure are attempts to harmonize via a metaphor of union--marriage--but that the union figured is instinct with tensions most evident in an ambivalence, indeed in a "polyvalence," surrounding and permeating representations of powerful female figures. In developing this idea, I explore two of Spenser's major works: the so-called "wedding volume," including the Amoretti and the Epithalamion, and The Faerie Queene. I treat the "wedding volume" as a "whole" made up of two "parts." The first "part"--the Amoretti sonnet sequence--has commonly been seen to achieve a type of harmony. Chapter 1 examines closely the loss that actually problematizes the sequence's "achievement." The ambiguous "Anacreontics" magnify the problematic closure of the sequence. Chapter 2 discusses the Epithalamion's peculiar "cutting off" as it repeats this problem of a harmonic closure permeated by fragmenting anxieties surrounding union with the feminine (or Spenser's construction of it). The next three chapters address the crucial moments of closure in The Faerie Queene, moments that have generally been viewed as magnificently harmonic and transcendent. Chapter 3 addresses Duessa's disruption of the wedding closing Book 1; chapter 4 deals with the displaced 1590 closing of "Part One" of The Faerie Queene; and chapter 5 examines the "unperfect" Mutabilitie Cantos closing the entire project. If we read the union of contraries in Spenser's metaphysics as a kind of "marriage," each of these chapters involves a marriage drama underwritten by the subject's profound ambivalence toward the principle of the feminine that he has constructed and on which his harmonizing--with its attendant implications for the subject in history--depends.

Aemilia Lanyer subverted traditional understandings of poetic subjectivity and altered received generic forms in order to construct herself as poet in a culture that reserved that vocation to men. She did so by creating in her poems a tradition of female poetic subjectivity through the imaginative construction of a community of empowered women. Lanyer fashioned herself a poet within this community and claimed a premier place by virtue of her alliance with the paradoxically humbled yet omnipotent Christ. She announced her poetic vocation through a remaking of the initiatory pastoral poem, transforming the position of women in the orphic genres of lament and epithalamium. In the country house poem, as well, Lanyer altered generic material that served to objectify and silence women in classical precedents and seventeenth-century models. (An appendix discusses Lanyer's use of the Geneva Bible and material from the Book of Common Prayer.)

<p> Women account for half of the workforce; however there is a small percentage in executive positions (Omotayo, Oladile, &amp; Adenike, 2013). The small percentage of women in executive positions can be attributed to an invisible barrier that blocks their career advancement known as the <i>glass ceiling </i> (Elacqua, Beehr, Hansen, &amp; Webster, 2009). Research on the <i> glass ceiling</i> has concluded effective strategies that have aided women in career advancement (Elacqua et al., 2009; Laud, Paterson &amp; Johnson, 2013; Metz &amp; Tharenou, 2001). Three of the top career advancing strategies supported by research includes mentoring, networking and training (Chen, 2005; Elacqua et al., 2009; Laud et al., 2013). This quantitative correlational study aimed to determine if the effective strategies of mentoring, networking, and training correlated with the career advancement of women in the beauty industry. A total of 144 female managers in the beauty industry completed the online survey administered by SurveyMonkey&reg;. A Pearson&rsquo;s r test was conducted to determine a relationship between mentoring, networking, training and the career advancement of women in the beauty industry. Additionally, a multiple regression test was conducted in order to determine the additive variance explained by mentoring networking and training. The results of the Pearson&rsquo;s r determined that mentoring, networking, and training were positively correlated to the career advancement of female executives in the beauty industry. In addition, 26% of the variance in career advancement could be explained by the multiple regression model. Mentoring, however, was not significantly related to career advancement according to the multiple regression test.</p>

Women constitute approximately three percent of the faculty positions in institutions offering doctoral studies in chemistry. According to the literature, the reasons for this small number are perceived discrimination in hiring and promotion practices, possible conflicts between the family and career roles, and apparent lack of adequate numbers of role models in the profession. / Family demands on married women may result in a career pattern of instability, as women enter and exit the profession in response to geographical changes and family needs. Single women may display the stable pattern similar to that of men. / A questionnaire was developed to investigate the career profiles of all women designated as regular faculty in institutions offering doctoral studies in chemistry and to compare these to a matched sample of men. The study also explored those differences which existed in the profiles of single and married women, women in continuous and interrupted careers, and women and men having more than ten years professional experience. / Findings. Married women were less likely than men to achieve tenure status in academic chemistry and to be employed in tenure-track positions. Women in general were less likely than men to achieve the ranks of professor and associate professor, regardless of marital status or continuity of career. After ten years professional experience, these differences were not statistically significant for single women or women with continuous careers. Interruptions in the career consistently correlated with poor representation in higher ranks. The stable career pattern predominated for men and women with continuous careers, but women with interrupted careers were predominately heuristic. Women published less frequently in referred journals than men, but no significant difference was found in other publications. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 43-02, Section: A, page: 0567. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1982.

An exploratory study of alternative organizations, namely women's health centers (WHC), was conducted to identify and analyze concepts which describe WHC strategies to retain their alternative character and the constraints and dilemmas which result from these efforts. The study considered three aspects of organizational activity: (a) authority structures, (b) modes of service delivery, and (c) interactions with the environment. The concepts found to be related to these aspects of organizational life were: (a) organizational democracy, (b) professional dominance, and (c) environmental opposition. / Data were collected on 11 WHCs through participant observation, interviewing, and archival materials. A data analysis process based on grounded theory (Glaser & Straus, 1967; Glaser, 1978; Martin & Turner, 1986) was utilized to arrive at a conceptual scheme which delineates the variations of organizational processes within the three areas identified. The study concludes with a discussion of implications for alternative health organizations, social policy, and social work. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 48-03, Section: A, page: 0763. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1987.

The purpose of this research was to investigate college women's career aspirations and to determine if there are differences between women who aspire to non-traditional and traditional careers. Conflict Theory and Symbolic Interactionism provided the theoretical framework for this analysis. / The subjects were a national probability sample of 3,879 female college freshmen who responded to a 1978 survey by the Cooperative Institutional Research Program. The respondents were asked to select their probable careers from a list of 42 occupations. The career aspirations of the women were ranked into ten categories of traditionality; these rankings were based on the distribution of the women's career choices compared to the choices of 4,010 male college freshmen who responded to the survey. / Eleven hypotheses were tested; all were supported. The data indicated that the more non-traditional a woman's career aspirations: (1) the younger her age, (2) the more educated her mother, (3) the more educated her father, (4) the greater her parents' income, (5) the more non-traditional her mother's occupation, (6) the more liberal her social attitudes, (7) the less frequent her church attendance, (8) the less importance she attaches to raising a family, (9) the less immediate her plans for marriage, (10) the higher her high school grades, and (11) the higher her academic degree intentions. The eleven variables also significantly discriminated the third of the women with the most non-traditional career aspirations from the third of the sample with the most traditional aspirations. The results indicated that variables related to the women's achievement were better predictors of career aspirations than family background variables. / Path analysis using four of the eleven independent variables revealed minimal indirect effects; it also demonstrated that traditionality of mother's occupation could be removed from the model without any appreciable loss in predictive power. / The findings indicated that women are aspiring to more non-traditional careers; however, there is still considerable sex-typing in career aspirations. It was concluded that structural changes in society need to be made in order to enhance opportunities for women. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 42-11, Section: A, page: 4956. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1981.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, Section: A, page: 4276. / Thesis (Educat.D.)--The Florida State University, 1979.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, Section: A, page: 4276. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1979.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of women's studies courses on the fear of success and locus of control of female college students. The relationship between fear of success and locus of control was also examined.;Subjects for the investigation included: 243 male and female students from The College of William and Mary (128 students) and Old Dominion University (115 students). The treatment group consisted of 153 students enrolled in women's studies courses. The comparison group consisted of 81 students not enrolled in women's studies classes. Both the treatment and comparison groups were pretested and posttested. The test battery included the Cohen Fear of Success questionnaire, the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale, Adult Form (ANS-IE) and a personal data sheet. The pretests were administered at the beginning of the academic term and posttests at the conclusion of the term.;The results of this investigation include the following findings: (1) The hypothesis that treatment by women's studies would show a significant decrease in fear of success (FOS) for female college students as measured by the Cohen Fear of Success questionnaire could neither be accepted nor rejected. Six women's studies classes were tested in this study. The female mean scores of three classes decreased in the anticipated direction. However, only two of the three classes showed decreases that reached the 0.05 level of significance. The female mean scores of the other three classes increased. However, they did not reach the 0.05 level of significance. (2) The hypothesis that female students enrolled in women's studies would show a significant decrease in external locus of control as measured by the ANS-IE could be neither accepted nor rejected. The locus of control of females enrolled in one women's studies class showed a significant decrease in the anticipated direction. However, the mean scores for the other classes either increased or decreased. The changes did not reach statistical significance. (3) The FOS mean for females was 30.3140 and the male mean was 26.5806. Thus, a significant difference between the female and male mean scores was found. (4) The difference between the male and female mean scores of the ANS-IE was not statistically significant. (5) There was a significant positive correlation between FOS and locus of control. (6) There was no significant difference in pretest scores between females in the experimental and comparison group as measured by Cohen's Fear of Success questionnaire, indicating no evidence of self selection on this variable. The test results suggest that there may be an instructor and/or course content interaction which may account for the changes in the scores rather than a uniform treatment.