Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 2001. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-129). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to UO users.

Thesis (M.S. in environmental science)--Washington State University, August 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Mar. 11, 2009). "School of Earth and Environmental Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-46).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 1994. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-119). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1955. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves 223-230.

This is a narrative of place, of intersections between people, power, and perception of landscape. The environs of the Columbia River Gorge create a very distinct sense of place. Where once a series of three rapids - the Cascades of the Columbia - blocked industrial upriver transport, now Bonneville Dam and Locks allows smooth passage. To the north the vast 1.3 million acre Gifford Pinchot National Forest dominates the landscape. On the Columbia's banks lies the town of Stevenson, Washington, with Carson a few miles away, in a transitory ecological zone between east and west, at the forest's edge. There, community development has been manifestly influenced by human relationships to the landscape. Contested visions of place during the nineteenth century resulted in violent conflict and framed debates over place.Examining struggles over who would control access, first to the Cascades of the Columbia, and then to the timber of the Wind River Valley, provides a venue for examining power - of nature, ideas, and changing human cultures as overlapping groups imposed their views of the good life onto the landscape. As each successive group gained power, the relationships of humans to the land, and to one another, changed. By examining historic connections between river and forest, and between human communities to each, this study identifies multiple meanings of the same environment for different groups. I use a bioregional approach, exploring relationships between land, people and resources on the Columbia's north bank between 1805 and 1913. Power relations at the Cascades and in the forest were determined through conflict, negotiation, and the federal government, with the human relationship to nature influencing outcomes. Conflict often resulted from struggles over access to place, while human groups negotiated their place within the landscape. Nature privileged one group over another through disease, fire, and human perception, while the United States government co-opted place through public land laws, Indian removal, and by measuring and bounding the landscape. Who gained access to the river and forest of the Columbia's north shore, and how they did it, is the focus of this story.

No description available.

In situ salinity, turbidity and temperature were measured at discrete depths and water samples for radioanalysis were simultaneously collected in the Columbia River Estuary using a specially designed instrument package. Particulate radioactivity was concentrated by filtration and the dissolved radioactivity by evaporation or ferric oxide bulk precipitation. Radioanalysis was by gamma-ray spectrometry and data reduction by computer. Chromium-51 was mostly dissolved and conservative in brackish water, while zinc-65 was mostly particulate and non-conservative. The intrusion of salt water into the estuary was seen to greatly increase the concentrations of particulate chromium-51, zinc-65 and scandium-46 near the bottom. The fall and rise in estuarine radioactivity levels were followed during an infrequent pause in Hanford reactor operations. Changes in radioactivity levels of up to three orders of magnitude were recorded at Astoria, Oregon, some 380 miles from the reactors. The pause in reactor operations enabled the determination of river flow times from the reactors to Astoria. Flow times of 12 and 19 days were measured for average river discharges of 290,000 and 130,000 c.f.s., respectively. / Graduation date: 1967

The seasonal variation of wind speed fluctuations is studied at four locations in The Dalles area of the Columbia River Gorge. Three of the sites are located in or near the valley floor while the fourth site is on top of a 900 m (3000 ft) ridge just north of The Dalles. The speed fluctuations or gustiness at these sites varies with terrain roughness, wind speed, and atmospheric stability. Due to the channelling effects of the Gorge, wind flow in The Dalles area is predominantly upriver or downriver. Strongest winds occur from the west at all four of the sites that were analyzed. Highest gustiness values occurred at the Martin Marietta site located near the rugged foothills of the eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountain Range. Moderate gustiness values were common at KCIV located on the top of the ridge north of The Dalles and at the D.C. Test Site surrounded by rolling hills. Smoothest flow was found along the relatively level valley floor at The Dalles Dam. Gustiness in relation to wind speed varied at all four sites. Gustiness values increased with speed through the moderate speed range at KCIV while gustiness decreased with speed at The Dalles Dam and the Martin Marietta site. No distinct relationship was found at the D.C. Test Site. At KCIV changes in gustiness are directly related to the amount of solar insolation and hence the atmospheric stability. Gustiness values were highest during the summer and daytime values were greater than those at night during both winter and summer. In contrast, at the other three sites near or on the valley floor no distinct relationship between the stability variations and the changes in gustiness could be found. Results indicated that the gustiness values during the winter at these three locations exceeded those during the summer. It appears that the unstable nature of the post frontal wintertime air mass is responsible for the strong and turbulent northwest flow. Although moderate speed fluctuations were common at KCIV, this site is the most appealing of the four locations for wind power generation due to the persistency of moderately strong winds during both summer and winter. Least attractive of the four sites is Martin Marietta where high gustiness values along with weak winter winds provide little usable wind energy. / Graduation date: 1977

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1982. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-40). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Hundreds of ready-mix concrete trucks are dispatched daily from ready-mix concrete plants. On average, a concrete truck has a carrying capacity ranging from 7 to 9 cubic metres of concrete, requiring about 1500 litres of water. In addition, 500 to 1300 litres of water are used to wash out the excess concrete when the truck returns. Based on these figures, it is clear that the ready-mixed concrete industry consumes large amounts of fresh water. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of using the wash water as mixing water in new concrete. The specific goal of this project is to determine the influence of the high pH and dissolved solids content of the wash water on the durability of concrete, particularly with respect to de-icing salt induced corrosion of steel reinforcement. Two types of mix designs were used in this research: a standard class N and a higher strength, structural C2 concrete. Two sets of concretes specimens were made with both mix designs: one with wash water and one with clean water. The project consists of a multi-component experimental program, beginning with wash water characterization, then pore solution and cement chemistry, followed by an evaluation of the effect of wash water on concrete workability and mechanical properties, resistance to de-icing salt scaling, and corrosion of reinforcing steel embedded in the concrete. In addition, the effect of the wash water on the effectiveness of air entraining agents (AEA) is being determined using air void analysis of specimens with different AEA contents. On the basis of the results obtained from the comparative study using wash water versus tap water, it appears that wash water can be used as mixing water for the production of concrete without compromising the durability properties related to corrosion and salt scaling performance. In addition, the mechanical and plastic properties of wash water concrete meet all standards pertaining to the use of wash water concrete and are similar to those of tap water concrete. Finally, the pore solution, thermal analyses, and water analyses of wash water and tap water showed comparable results. Overall, with regards to the tests conducted thus far, the use of wash water as mixing water in concrete poses no durability concerns.