Accurate modeling of contaminant transport and sorption processes in the soil and landfill liners is a prerequisite for realistic model simulations of contaminant fate and transport in the environment. These studies are also important for the remediation of soil and groundwater contamination. Modeling of contaminant transport through soils and landfill liners consists of either solving the direct/forward problem or the inverse problem. In this thesis, an automated time-stepping implicit procedure is developed from the convergence and error studies of explicit and implicit finite-difference solutions for the advection-dispersion transport of contaminants through soil with different sorption mechanisms. This study is further extended for transient through-diffusion (TTD) transport of contaminant in landfills by considering linear sorption mechanism. To validate the numerical solution and also to study the behavior of finite-difference numerical solutions for TTD transport problem, closed-form analytical solution is derived. Further, a new interface condition is proposed based on the finite-volume procedure for stratified soil or landfill liner system. Solvers are developed for the parameter estimation of inverse problem by integrating the developed procedures for the above forward problem with different optimization procedures. Solvers based on Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are developed for TTD transport in the landfill liners and verified with the existing methods of parameter estimation. Novel swarm intelligence based solver is developed for the first time for parameter estimation in contaminant transport inverse problem to overcome some of the limitations of the classical optimization methods and evolutionary methods such as GA. Additionally, the proposed swarm intelligence based algorithms and a new variant is applied to solve ill-posed problem of contaminant source characterization. The presented work in this dissertation can be unswervingly applied for modeling the contaminant transport in laboratory through-diffusion tests and contaminant transport through landfill liners where the transport is usually considered to be one-dimensional and also diffusion-dominated. Similarly, the advection-dispersion transport through laboratory soil columns can also be modeled with the developed, fast, automated, implicit numerical procedure with very good accuracy. The present study can be applied further for contaminant transport through stratified soil/liner system using fast converging numerical algorithms. Finally, the problems of design parameter estimation and source characterization can be handled accurately by the use of developed automated nature-inspired solvers.

This thesis focuses on the connectivity problems of the new sources to the electrical network. The first part of the thesis deals with the description of the new source and the method of its connection to the electrical network. Furthermore, in work, there are elaborated the blocking conditions for substation TR Neratovice expanded distribution point. A distribution network operator must receive an attachment application for connecting before the actual connection. The attachments consist of study cases of conjunction that values the inverse influence on the distributional network and informs the operator about the required measures for the reliable service with the new source. PSS Sincal computer software was used to survey the inverse influences on the distributional network. Based on processed data, the evaluation of conjunction of the synchronous generator to the grid at TR Neratovice substation was reconsidered.