The aim of diploma thesis was finding of the method for the determination of drug residua in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant. Selected sulfonamide and diaminopyrimidine antibiotics, which are used in human and veterinary medicine, were selected as target comopounds. They are discharged to the sewer systems together with the urine and faeces and enter the sewage treatment plant, where they are not completely removed. They can be found in treated waste water or in sewage sludge. They can enter to the environment, where they can induce negative effects on organisms in soil and water ecosystem. An optimized method was used for identification and determination of these antibiotics in real samples from the large-scale waste water treatment plant in Brno-Modřice and from the waste water treatment plant situated in the area of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno. Antibiotics were extracted from sewage sludge by ultrasonic and by pressure solvent extraction (PSE). Waste water and sewage sludge real samples were concentrated and cleaned by solid phase extraction (SPE). For determination these antibiotics high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC - DAD) was used.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:41:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaHBR_DISSERT.pdf: 2230211 bytes, checksum: 195b09308391e65d611133f2836eb66d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In this work, the treatment of synthetic wastewaters containing Remazol Red BR (RRB) and Novacron Blue C-D (NB) by anodic oxidation using boron doped diamond anodes (BDD) and Novacron Yellow (YN) using BDD and Platinum (Pt) anodes was investigated. Galvanostatic electrolyses of RRB and NB synthetic wastewaters have led to the complete decolorization removal at different operating conditions (current density, pH and temperature). The influence of these parameters was investigated in order to find the best conditions for dyestuff colour removal. According to the experimental results obtained, the electrochemical oxidation process is suitable for decolorizing wastewaters containing these textile dyes, due to the electrocatalytic properties of BDD and Pt anode. Energy requirements for removing colour during galvanostatic electrolyses of RRB, NB and YN synthetic solutions depends mainly on the operating conditions; for example for RRB, it passes from 3.30 kWh m-3 at 20 mA cm-2 to 4.28 kWh m-3 at 60 mA cm-2 (pH = 1); 15.23 kWh m-3 at 20 mA cm-2 to 24.75 kWh m-3 at 60 mA cm-2 (pH = 4.5); 10.80 kWh m-3 at 20 mA cm-2 to 31.5 kWh m-3 at 60 mA cm-2 (pH = 8) (data estimated per volume of treated effluent). In order to verify the Brazilian law regulations of NB and RRB synthetic solutions after electrochemical decolourisation treatment, Hazen Units values were determined and the total colour removal was achieved; remaining into the regulations. Finally, electrical energy cost for removing colour was estimated / Neste trabalho, o tratamento de efluentes sint?ticos, contendo Vermelho de Remazol BR (RRB) e Azul de Novacron CD (NB) por oxida??o an?dica com ?nodos de Diamante Dopado com Boro (BDD) e Amarelo de Novacron (YN) com ?nodo de Platina (Pt) e DDB foram investigados. A eletr?lise galvanost?tica dos efluentes sint?ticos RRB, NB e YN t?m levado ? remo??o completa da cor em diferentes condi??es operacionais (densidade de corrente, pH e temperatura). A influ?ncia destes par?metros foi investigada a fim de encontrar as melhores condi??es para a remo??o da cor do corante. De acordo com os resultados experimentais obtidos, o processo de oxida??o eletroqu?mica ? adequado para descolora??o de ?guas residuais contendo esses corantes t?xteis, devido ?s propriedades eletrocatal?ticas dos ?nodos DDB e Pt. Exig?ncias de energia para a remo??o de cor durante eletr?lises galvanost?ticas das solu??es sint?ticas de RRB, NB e YN depende principalmente das condi??es de funcionamento, por exemplo, RRB, passa de 3,30 kWh m-3 em 20 mA cm-2 para 4,28 kWh m-3 em 60 mA cm -2 (pH = 1); 15,23 kWh m-3 em 20 mA cm-2 para 24,75 kWh m-3 em 60 mA cm-2 (pH = 4,5); 10,80 kWh m-3 em 20 mA cm-2 para 31,5 kWh m-3 em 60 mA cm- 2 (pH = 8) (dados estimados por volume de efluente tratado). A fim de verificar a regulamenta??o da lei brasileira dos efluentes sint?ticos ap?s descolora??o pelo tratamento eletroqu?mico, determinou-se os valores de Unidades Hazen e a remo??o total da cor foi alcan?ada, permanecendo na regulamenta??o. Finalmente, o custo de energia el?trica para remo??o da cor foi estimado