From the Proceedings of the 1983 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1983, Flagstaff, Arizona / The Tucson Airport Super Fund Area is currently being investigated by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Arizona Dept. of Health Services, the City of Tucson and the Arizona Dept. of Water Resources for volatile organics and heavy metal ground water contamination. The volatile organics include trichloroethylene (TCE), trichloroethane (TCA), dichloroethylene (DCE) and heavy metals, primarily chromium. The area is defined as north of Los Reales Rd. to distinguish this contamination from the US Air Force Plant No. 44 contamination south of Los Reales Rd. The investigation includes defining the hydrogeology, the extent of ground water contamination and potential contamination sources. The aquifer being contaminated is located in the Upper Santa Cruz Basin and is the principal source of domestic water for the City of Tucson. The area of concern currently contains 177 water wells; 24 of these wells are contaminated with TCE concentrations ranging from 5 ug /1 to greater than 400 ug /l. This includes 6 City of Tucson public supply wells. There are currently 6 potential contamination sources being investigated. The first phase of Super Fund will enable the State and City governments to collect and analyze data which will be used for remedial action.

From the Proceedings of the 1983 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1983, Flagstaff, Arizona / The Upper Santa Cruz Basin Mines Task Force implemented a two year groundwater monitoring program in response to recommendations of an earlier investigation. The work program included monitoring several copper mines' tailing ponds and wells 15-20 miles south of Tucson. ASARCO mine was monitored to determine the source of high sulfates and TOS in the groundwater in the vicinity of the ASARCO ponds. A network of twelve sampling sites was sampled quarterly to look at water quality trends over time. One additional monitor well was drilled at the base of ASARCO's newest pond. The Anamax groundwater monitoring program consisted of investigating changes in water levels and water quality in the vicinity of its two tailing ponds to determine the hydrologic impacts of the ponds. The Duval program consisted of a network of thirteen monitor and seven interceptor wells. It was designed to determine the effectiveness of the interceptor wells as a management practice for preventing migration of mineralized tailing pond seepage to downgradient areas. The programs are compared in relation to their relative merits and their effectiveness in determining the groundwater quality impacts of the tailings ponds.

From the Proceedings of the 1983 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1983, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1983 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1983, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona / Understanding residential water uses is important for forecasting water demand. Data from survey questionnaires received from over 2000 Tucson Water customers are used to analyze individual household water use patterns. Earlier findings by the authors based on aggregate census data are verified and expanded. Initial findings indicate that both indoor and peak outdoor water demand, modeled separately, are determined by three factors. The factors are categorized as 1) a demographic component, describing the number of people in the household and their ages, 2) a wealth component, relating water consumption to income, home value and certain appliance ownership, and 3) a residency component, which includes the age of the home, length of time the household has lived in the home, and length of time the household has lived in the Tucson area. Regression analysis indicates that households newer to Tucson consume less water than otherwise similar households. The analysis also shows that an average swimming pool consumes substantially more water than a lawn of equal area. Two actions resulting in reduced indoor water consumption are installing low-flow plumbing devices and directly paying the water bill. Water conservation program strategies based upon these findings are summarized.

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona

From the Proceedings of the 1984 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 7, 1984, Flagstaff, Arizona