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Dyadic Approach and Withdrawal Sequences of Preschool Children when Interacting with an Adult MaleCrane, Paul M. 01 May 1978 (has links)
Thirty-eight preschool children (20 male and 18 females) w ere filmed in a seated dyadic interaction with an adult experimenter. Frame- by-frame film analysis was done for head and arms of subjects and head, arms, and legs of experimenter for expe rimenter and subjects approach and withdrawal movements. Chi- square analysis were pe rformed for the data both between and within zones with the following cells: approach-approach (A-A), experimenter and subject approach each other; approach-withdrawal (A-W), experimenter approaches and subject withdraws; withdrawal-approach (W -A), experimenter withdraws and subject approaches; withdrawal-withdrawal (W - W), both subject and experimenter withdraw.
The most frequent and significant movements for each zone and body part were A-Wand W -A. It was found that in the 3 foot zone the A-W cells (of the 2 X 2 contingency table) were the most frequent dyadic movements. For the 2 and 1 foot zones the W -A cells were the most frequent. For all three one-foot zones the W-W and A-A were respectively the least frequent dyadic interactional patterns. The intimate zone of personal space was found to be larger than the 18 inches previously identified for adults; it was found to be over 24 inches. Modifications for personal space and equilibrium theories to accommodate present findings are advanced.
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