黃慧賢. / "2001年8月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (leaves 150-161) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 8 yue" / Huang Huixian. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 150-161) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 引言篇 --- p.1 / Chapter 1. --- 女性按立議題的本質 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 神聖與世俗的取捨 / Chapter 1.2 --- 保留傳統與革新制度的選擇 / Chapter 2. --- 婦女對按立議題的回應 --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- 在婦女運動影響下，女性對按立女牧師的立場和反省 / Chapter 2.2 --- 女性參與封職的經驗 / Chapter 3. --- 理論架構一福柯的抗衡槪念 --- p.14 / Chapter 4. --- 硏究方法 --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1 --- 歷史文獻 / Chapter 4.2 --- 定質社會硏究 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- 深入訪問 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- 口述歷史 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- 跨宗派硏究 / Chapter 5. --- 論文大綱 --- p.21 / Chapter 第一章： --- 香港基督教會女性按立的歷史發展與槪況 --- p.22 / Chapter 1. --- 香港首名女牧師 --- p.22 / Chapter 2. --- 一件光榮的歷史一香港聖公會突破聖公宗的按立制度 --- p.27 / Chapter 3. --- 綜觀香港教會開放女性按牧的槪況 --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1 --- 各宗派開放女性按牧的槪況 / Chapter 3.2 --- 緩慢發展四十載 / Chapter 3.3 --- 八九以後女性封牧迅速增加 / Chapter 4. --- 總結 --- p.37 / Chapter 第二章： --- 宗派開放按立女牧師的話分析 --- p.39 / Chapter 1. --- 話語分析的定義 --- p.39 / Chapter 2. --- 開放女牧職的首要機制：嚴謹和深入研究討論 --- p.42 / Chapter 3. --- 按立的理念：徘徊兩性爭議和神學/聖經權威之間 --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1 --- 話語一：強調兩性平等 / Chapter 3.2 --- 話語二 ：抗拒兩性平等 / Chapter 3.3 --- 話語三：視乎說話對象而定 / Chapter 4. --- 討論的內容：重新界定女牧職的準則？ --- p.54 / Chapter 5. --- 問題焦點：加強對婦女事奉的認同或再確定婦女的邊緣位置？ --- p.56 / Chapter 6. --- 總結 --- p.59 / Chapter 第三章： --- 從兩個信義宗宗派的個案，分析兩個最佳女候選人的抗衡 故事 --- p.60 / Chapter 1. --- 略述國外宗派聯繫對兩個信義宗宗派開放按立的影響 --- p.60 / Chapter 2. --- 甲宗派開放按立女牧師的前因後果 --- p.64 / Chapter 3. --- 乙宗派開放按立女牧師的來龍去脈 --- p.65 / Chapter 4. --- 作爲最佳候選人的處境和位置 --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1 --- 張牧師的故事 / Chapter 4.2 --- 王牧師的故事 / Chapter 5. --- 她們的抗衡選擇 --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1 --- 在宗派討論期間的參與角色 / Chapter 5.2 --- 忠於所領受的呼召 / Chapter 5.3 --- 被質疑按立動機 / Chapter 5.4 --- 教育會眾關注女性封立 / Chapter 5.5 --- 爭議之後，再讀神學 / Chapter 5.6 --- 按立的選擇 / Chapter 6. --- 總結 --- p.82 / Chapter 第四章： --- 女性集體抗衡一宣道會例子 --- p.84 / Chapter 1. --- 宗派背景特色 --- p.84 / Chapter 1.1 --- 宗派成立與組織架構 / Chapter 1.2 --- 宗派所言說的女性地位 / Chapter 2. --- 開放按立政策的緣起 --- p.89 / Chapter 2.1 --- 外在影響 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- 社會趨勢 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- 跨宗派際間之互動 / Chapter 2.2 --- 內部蘊釀 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- 九二年否決按立女牧師的議決 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- 九五年從實際牧養角度展開討論 / Chapter 3. --- 婦女的抗衡表現 --- p.100 / Chapter 3.1 --- 婦女集體行動 / Chapter 3.2 --- 針對實際問題 / Chapter 3.3 --- 對男人領導原則的抗衡 / Chapter 3.4 --- 從上主而來的呼召，與上主一同爭戰 / Chapter 4. --- 總結 --- p.109 / Chapter 第五章： --- 女性個別、被動的抗衡一中華基督會例子 --- p.111 / Chapter 1. --- 宗派女性按立的背景 --- p.112 / Chapter 1.1 --- 宗派早期女性牧職的傳統 / Chapter 1.2 --- 香港區會女性牧職的發展 / Chapter 2. --- 堂會層面的阻礙 --- p.116 / Chapter 2.1 --- 堂會對女性事奉的抗拒 / Chapter 2.2 --- 堂會抗拒女性牧職 / Chapter 2.3 --- 宗派的組織結構問題限制實踐女性封職 / Chapter 3. --- 女牧師的抗衡表現 --- p.123 / Chapter 3.1 --- 個別抗衡 / Chapter 3.2 --- 被動抗衡 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- 持守崗位 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- 跳槽 / Chapter 4. --- 總結 --- p.133 / 結論篇 --- p.135 / Chapter 1. --- 綜論 --- p.135 / Chapter 2. --- 兩組相對應的抗衡表現 --- p.137 / Chapter 2.1 --- 從個別抗衡到集體抗衡 / Chapter 2.2 --- 從被動抗衡到主動參與 / Chapter 3. --- 意義重尋：女牧師抗衡表現的多元性 --- p.139 / Chapter 4. --- 宗教信仰與婦女抗衡 --- p.142 / 附件 --- p.145 / 附表一：香港華人女牧師按立年份表 --- p.145 / 附表二 ：有按立女牧師之宗派/堂會 --- p.148 / 圖一：香港華人女牧師按立人數 --- p.149 / 參考書目 --- p.150

published_or_final_version / Medicine / Master / Doctor of Medicine

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice

published_or_final_version / Sports Science / Master / Master of Science in Sports Science

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Philosophy

In Hong Kong, the population of older adults aged 65 and above is expected to nearly double by the beginning of the 2030s, which will then represent just over a quarter of the population. A local study found that many people in Hong Kong had given very little thought to plans for retirement and old age, including aspects of financial, health, social, and living arrangements (Lee & Law, 2004). Many similar retirement studies can be found in the West, primarily using a quantitative inquiry framework. The number of qualitative inquiries on aging issues has steadily increased over the last decade. Results from previous studies showed similar patterns, i.e. low levels of planning activities for retirement and old age across all social classes. However, none of the studies explored beyond the correlations and associations among variables. This study aims to add to the body of knowledge in the field of aging by employing life course perspectives with a qualitative approach through examining whether situational and contextual factors do in fact affect individuals’ old age readiness. There are two core objectives of this study. The first objective is to investigate whether and how life experiences from significant events or transitions influence important decisions in life, in this case, the planning for retirement and old age among the target population of mid-aged women from middle and working class backgrounds in Hong Kong. The second objective is to explore relationships and the degree of significance between Chinese traditional belief systems and the level of retirement preparedness amidst high volatility in global financial markets and the development of old age friendly welfare and policies in Hong Kong. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 34 women between the ages of 45 and 59. Results connote that most of these women witnessed the growth of economic development in Hong Kong; unfortunately they have not accumulated enough physical resources to prepare for retirement or old age after its growth plateaued and has been stumbling since the late 1990s. Their social network system is very limited and in many cases also fragile. Minimal preventive health measures are being taken except for addressing pre-existing physical and mental health issues. Living arrangements is the area least planned for, including those women who are public rental housing tenants. The interviewed women hold the same Chinese traditional value that they are hoping to receive family support during old age. Nonetheless, they also feel vulnerable because their adult children are struggling to make ends meet as well. Public cash assistances are these women’s last resort if their children cannot afford to provide support due to economic difficulties or after depletion of their own funds from MPF, personal savings and investments. This group of women is likely to actively utilize the public healthcare system, community programs, and long-term care facilities in the near future. Implications of the study include social work practices and public policies that will support the potential needs of the forthcoming wave of the old age population. / published_or_final_version / Social Work and Social Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

published_or_final_version / abstract / English / Master / Master of Philosophy