Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-213). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Technische Hoogschool, Delft, 1917. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1988. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-230).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2005. / Principal faculty advisor: Roland R. Roth, Entomology and Applied Ecology. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio State University, 1986. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-110). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

Thesis (M.S. in civil engineering)--Washington State University, May 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Quantitative methods for sulphate and Na-base bisulphite micro-pulping and micro-analytical procedures were developed. Raw pulp and pulp carbohydrate yields were correlated with relative position within growth increments of black spruce and Douglas fir. Profiles varied at different pulp yield levels and with pulping process. No profiles were simply correlated with wood micro-specific gravities. Maximum raw pulp and pulp carbohydrate yields within growth increments shifted from earlywood to latewood as yield changed from high (80 ± 5%) to low (45 ± 5%) levels. Delignification rate differed within increments for both pulping processes. In the initial sulphate and Na-base bisulphite cooking stage, latewood lignin seemed to be more easily removed than that from earlywood. At high yield levels (80 ± 5%), the pulp residual lignin contents based on oven-dry pulp followed similar patterns in that maxima were found in early-wood, abruptly decreasing in the transition zone then slightly increasing in the latewood portion. At low yield levels (45 ± 5%), the residual lignin patterns varied slightly, or remained constant throughout the whole increment. Raw pulp yields, residual lignin contents and pulp carbohydrate yields (based on extractive-free water-free wood) were not significantly different for combined data of heartwood and sapwood, the two woods and two pulping processes, except for Na-base bisulphite pulp carbohydrate yields which showed significantly higher values for sapwood. Sulphate raw pulp yields and residual lignin contents obtained by combining data from all cooking levels and wood zones were not significantly different between the two species examined, except for Douglas fir carbohydrate yield which was significantly higher than that of black spruce. For Na-base bisulphite pulping, Douglas fir raw pulp yields and pulp carbohydrate yields were highly significantly greater than those from black spruce, whereas pulp residual lignin was not significantly different. / Forestry, Faculty of / Graduate

This is a study of the woods used by man in the construction of implements, furniture and buildings from the the first known use of wood to the present day use of this material.

Each year a large number of wooden pallets are disposed of in US landfills, representing a significant portion of total wood usage. The purpose of this research was to gain an understanding of the numbers of pallets reaching landfills, specifically Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and Construction & Demolition (C&D) landfills. Also, the research was conducted to determine what, if anything, was done with the pallets once they were received by landfills.Mail questionnaires were sent to every state licensed MSW and C&D landfill identified in the US, except Alaska. Alaska was omitted because it is known to have many small landfills each representing a single small village. It was thought that these small landfills could skew the results. The questionnaire mailed to the landfills was based on a questionnaire used in a Virginia Tech study of landfills in 1995. Only minor changes were made to the previously used questionnaire so that the data collected would be comparable to previous results.This study found that, on average, MSW landfills received 138,000 tons of waste and C&D landfills received 36,000 tons of waste in 1998. This amounted to a total of 239 million tons of waste at MSW facilities and 40 million tons of waste at C&D facilities. Average tipping fees at MSW and C&D landfills were $29.31 and $16.84 per ton, respectively. Pallets represented 2.8 percent of waste at MSW facilities and 3.3 percent of waste at C&D facilities. This amounts to 138 million pallets reaching MSW landfills and 40 million pallets reaching C&D landfills in 1998. Of these pallets reaching landfills 22 million were recovered from MSW landfills and 16 million were recovered from C&D landfills. Recovered pallets from both types of landfills were typically ground and used for mulch, animal bedding, compost or boiler fuel. Infrequently, pallets were used as-is. But this was infrequent. When pallet material was sold by MSW and C&D facilities, it received between ten and twenty dollars per ton depending on end use and region of the country. / Master of Science

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 84 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.