Vibracijos žalingam poveikiui į žmogaus organizmą lemia daug įvairių veiksnių. Tyrimai šioje srityje koncentruojasi į mašinos virpesių energijos dydį ir jos mažinimo galimybes, tačiau aktualu ir žmogaus-mašinos analizavimas kaip bendros sistemos. Tokios sistemos virpesių energijos perdavimas į žmogaus kūną priklauso ir nuo sistemos standumo savybių, kurias galima apibūdinti kontaktinėmis jėgomis tarp mašinos ir žmogaus kūno dalies. Tokių tyrimų Lietuvoje nebuvo atlikta, o užsienio autorių tyrimai negausūs, todėl tyrimas yra labai aktualus. Tiriamajame darbe analizuojama kitų autorių tyrimų medžiaga apie vibracijos poveikį žmogui, sudaryta tyrimų metodika ir atlikti tyrimai, kaip nešiojamųjų ar rankomis valdomų mašinų įrankių jėgos pasiskirsto rankos plaštakoje ir kokią įtaką per rankas veikiančios vibracijos perdavimui turi rankos ir darbo priemonės sąlyčio jėgos. Nustatyta, kad didėjant sąlyčio jėgoms tarp vibruojančios darbo priemonės (įrankio) ir rankos nuo 3 N iki 29 N bendroji vibracijos vertė veikianti operatoriaus ranką didėjo nuo 2,7 m/s2 iki 3,7 m/s2. / Hazardous affects of vibration against a human’s organism are caused by various factors. Researches in this field are concentrated into the energy size of machine vibration and possibilities to decrease it; however, analysis of a human-machine as a general system is also relevant. Transfer of vibration energy by such system into a human’s body depends on properties of system rigidity, which may be described as contact forces between a machine and a human’s body part. Such researches were not carried out in Lithuania and the studies of foreign authors are not numerous, thus such analysis is very relevant. The study thesis analyses research materials by other authors on vibration impact on humans. There were developed research methods and performed tests on how strengths of mobile and manually operated tools distribute over the hand and what impact hand - tool contact strengths have on transfer of vibration acting through hands. It was determined that increase in contact strength between a vibrating tool and a hand from 3 N to 29 N total vibration value on the operator’s hand increase from 2,7 m/s2 to 3,7 m/s2.

Based on the considerations presented by the Constitutional Court in the light of a specific case, this article addresses the discussion about the limit of intervention that the employer has to intercept and collect those communications that are protected by the secrecy of the law of the Communications of workers, establishing the possibility of implementing new control mechanisms that suspend any kind of expectation of confidentiality. / A partir de las consideraciones expuestas por el Tribunal Constitucional en atención a un caso en concreto, el presente artículo aborda la discusión sobre el límite de intervención que posee el empleador para interceptar y recaudar aquellas comunicaciones que se encuentran protegidas por el secreto al derecho de las comunicaciones de los trabajadores, estableciendo la posibilidad de implementar nuevos mecanismos de control que suspenden cualquier tipo de expectativa de confidencialidad.

This thesis deals with the evaluation of health risks of chosen factors in the work environment and medical services in the recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing field. The goal of the thesis is to chart companies which handle recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing in the South Bohemian Region, to find out the risk factors that go in hand with this work and to determine in which work category these workers belong. I have determined three hypotheses within the research. Hypothesis 1: The nature of the work activities does not correspond with suggested risks. Hypothesis 2: The workers are not equipped with tools in accordance with detected risks. Hypothesis 3: The workers of companies dealing with recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing do not attend the necessary medical check-ups. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I have introduced the risk factors connected to recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing. I have covered the problematics of medical services for the employees, occupational disease and the protection of health from unfavorable effects of the work environment. To reach my goal, I have utilized quantitative research methods. For data collecting I have used anonymous surveys in the area of the South Bohemian Region. In the survey, I have adressed scrapyards, composting plants, collection yards and waste dumps. The collected data were processed by the Microsoft Excel program. The obtained data may be used as an information source for students as well as for employers and employees in companies handling secondary raw materials and waste processing.