abstract: Collective self-esteem is defined as the aspect of identity that relates to how one evaluates the value or worth of the social group to which they belong (Luttanen and Croker, 1992). For African American youth, little research has been conducted to understand how they assess the value or worth they place on their ethnic social grouping as opposed to their racial identity (Hecht, Jackson, & Ribeau, 2003). Moreover, African American scholars for decades have theorized about the importance of applying African centered frameworks to ground community solutions for these youth. Drawing from both the African centered and collective self-esteem literature, the purpose of the present study is to develop a measure of collective self-esteem derived from an African framework to examine its relationship with African American youths’ ethnic identity perceptions. The first phase of the study consisted of a content analysis to generate a pool of items derived from Bantu philosophical text. The second phase consisted of cognitive interviewing to understand the mental processing of African American youth answering the developed items. In the final phase, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the factor structure of the tested items. A single factor was identified, which was strongly correlated with African American youth perceptions of ethnic belonging further supporting that self-perceptions amongst African American youth is associated with how they positively or negatively perceive their ethnic identity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Social Work 2019

The main focus of my dissertation is how the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino and a local Primary school support and work together in providing a safe and stimulating environment for children and young adults. The dissertation has two parts - a part and a practical part. The first part is focusing on social services as per number 108/2006 Collection of Legislative Acts. I am focusing on community planning and describing the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth in general and then Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino Litvínov-Janov in more detail. One chapter gives an insight about how children spend their free time and the opportunities ad provisions available to them locally. The next part of my work gives reasons about the unsuitable location Litvinov-Janov. Further on the following chapter focuses on the Primary School in Janov and possible future partnership and cooperation with various organizations and charities. My main focus is to find out if the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino has a working relationship with the Primary school Janov. The secondary focus of my work is to determine how well informed the staff of the Primary school Janov are about the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth...

Thesis (MTech (Nursing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018 / Health risks are continuing to be a challenge worldwide. Globally, young people aged 15-24 are amongst the most vulnerable groups. It was revealed that between 2007 and 2010, the rate of HIV infection increased in this age group. In sub-Saharan Africa, three out of four new HIV infections are amongst girls aged 15 to 19 years of age. Young women aged 15 to 24 are twice more likely to live with HIV than men in 2019. South Africa is the country with the largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected population in the world, with an estimated 7 million people living with HIV and 380 000 new HIV infections in 2015. University students are a very important group of young people because they are being prepared for the world of work and to assume leadership roles. However, they are the group most exposed to a range of health risks, particularly regarding sexuality and HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to explore potential health risk factors amongst students at a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in the Western Cape with regard to sexuality and HIV/AIDS. The objectives of the study were to explore the factors that may increase health risk behaviours amongst students at an HEI and to discover and describe the knowledge university students have regarding potential health risks related to sexuality and HIV/AIDS. A qualitative research design was employed. Focus group interviews were done to collect data and a thematic content analysis was employed to analyse the data. Results revealed that the university students engaged in high-risk sexual behaviours, such as transactional sex, casual sex, multiple partner sexual relationships and unprotected sex. Such behaviours lead to a high-risk of contracting STIs and HIV/AIDS. Among the factors that were found to be contributing to these risky behaviours, was the new-found freedom of being away from the supervision of parents. Peer pressure at HEIs, as well as abuse of alcohol and drugs, also contribute to risky behaviours. Recommendations were that there should be organised and measured approaches to expose both lecturers and the students to HIV/AIDS education through an integrated curriculum design. There should be teamwork amongst lecturers, support staff and students to create powerful discussions and an exchange of ideas to clarify issues regarding HIV/AIDS, sexuality and other related topics to reduce high-risk behaviours and promote solid constructive attitudes amongst the university community.

Thesis examines Low-Treshold facility for children and youth T klub in Zlín in more details. Thesis is focused on life situation of target group of Low-Treshold facility for children and youth T klub which involves ocurrence of unfavorable and risky behaviour of youth, their needs and individual aims. Thesis is also examines the scope of activities of Low-Treshold facility for children and youth focused on prevention of risky behaviour of youth and the strategies of social work with adolescent population using social workers. Empirical research of qualitative research monitors the influence Low-Treshold facility T klub for life of their clients and the sense of Low-Treshold facility for children and youth for adolescent population in Zlín.

The work deals with free time, history of education during free time, further it describes some of the factors that influence the children´s spending of free time (family, school, other educational institutions outside school), it introduces a church youth organization Dona Bosca and it particulary focuses on free time work in two chosen salesian centres in Germany and in the Czech Republic. The practical part contains the charakteristic and comparison of two chosen facilities: Don Bosco centre Regensburg and Don Bosco centre Plzeň and mainly the activities of their clubs, which work with older youth (Jugendtreffpunkt and Vzduch-loď). They are well led and provide a good quality free time spending possibilities for the youth. Even though the two clubs are different in a certain point of view, for exampe, financial possibilities, space facilies, etc., they compound in the wide supply of activities for youth, which contribute to the prevention of morbid free time spending. The work also captures the future visions of the two clubs.

The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the serious problem of drug addiction among adolescents who are abusing addictive substances or marijuana. This increasingly important issue is discussed a lot, but very often neglected by the society. This thesis provides definitions and characteristics of individual drugs and their effects on adolescents. The need for prevention and treatment of adolescent clients is emphasized, alongside with the family support, which is often crucial. In the practical part, the author of the thesis focuses on organizations that are critically important in this field. These organizations focus on prevention, counseling services, social inclusion and treatment facilities (inpatient and outpatient services), etc. Their characteristics and methods of client treatment are described. Furthermore, in this work the author presents a survey that confirms the findings of some detailed quantitative research papers. The main findings are that drug abuse is a major problem of this century and also a burden on society, especially on the adolescents themselves. The solution is very complicated and time consuming, but everyone can contribute by not being indifferent to this problem.