Born in Russia in 1904, Alexandre Marc was very active among the French non-conformist movements of the thirties. He attempted to federate them around the Ordre Nouveau group he founded in 1930; there, under the impulse of Arnaud Dandieu (1897-1933), a philosophy of personalism was elaborated, in a Nietzschean and federalist form, a few years before it was taken up and adapted in a communitarian Catholic version by the review Esprit of Emmanuel Mounier, where the term was made famous. Marc had brought there the idea of personalism, which he had derived from his Russian background and his German philosophical formation. With the aim of forming a revolutionary common front of European youth beyond national and party divisions, he made contacts on behalf of O.N. with a number of youth movements in Germany, most notably that of the review Gegner of Harro Schulze-Boysen, who would become a controversial leader of the Resistance against Hitler.

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