Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-07T22:42:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlinaRochaPiresBarboza_DISSERT.pdf: 2471178 bytes, checksum: 8076374bc4ccf83252093950c45d18de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-10T20:32:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlinaRochaPiresBarboza_DISSERT.pdf: 2471178 bytes, checksum: 8076374bc4ccf83252093950c45d18de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T20:32:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlinaRochaPiresBarboza_DISSERT.pdf: 2471178 bytes, checksum: 8076374bc4ccf83252093950c45d18de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Ambientes recifais sofrem com os impactos do pisoteio humano, prejudicial ? estrutura da comunidade bent?nica. Esse trabalho objetivou 1) caracterizar a comunidade bent?nica no recife de Pirangi/RN, identificando padr?es de zona??o, e 2) avaliar o seu processo de estrutura??o sob diferentes graus de pisoteio. Foram coletados dados de abund?ncia dos organismos, porcentagem de cobertura do substrato e par?metros f?sico-qu?micos. Para responder ao primeiro objetivo, foram amostradas esta??es com diferentes tempos de exposi??o. Verificou-se a forma??o de duas zonas: uma abrangendo ?reas submersas e de menor tempo de exposi??o, de menor rugosidade e maior heterogeneidade na cobertura de substrato, relacionada a organismos como gastr?podes, caranguejos e ouri?o-do-mar; a segunda zona compreende ?reas de maior tempo de exposi??o, maior rugosidade e predom?nio de substrato rochoso, associada ? organismos como cracas, gastr?podes, bivalves e caranguejos. Conclui-se que o recife apresenta padr?o pr?prio de zona??o, influenciado tanto pelo tempo de emers?o quanto por caracter?sticas do substrato. Para o segundo objetivo deste trabalho, foram montados experimentos nas ?reas com diferentes intensidades de pisoteio, contendo os tratamentos: controle (isolado de pisoteio), isolado raspado, pisoteio e pisoteio raspado. Dados de abund?ncia, ?ndices de diversidade e cobertura viva foram comparados e os resultados mostraram que n?o houve diferen?a na estrutura da comunidade dos tratamentos raspados, por?m, a fauna raspada desses tratamentos apresentou uma abund?ncia de organismos menor na ?rea de pisoteio intermedi?rio. Entre os tratamentos n?o raspados, observou-se uma maior abund?ncia da fauna m?vel e riqueza da cobertura viva na ?rea de impacto elevado, enquanto a ?rea de pisoteio intermedi?rio apresentou uma maior porcentagem de cobertura viva. As ?reas controle iniciais e finais diferiram apenas quanto ? porcentagem de cobertura viva. As ?reas que foram raspadas e isoladas n?o diferiram do tratamento pisoteio ao t?rmino do experimento. Sugere-se que a atividade de pisoteio em Pirangi seja descentralizada. / Despite being areas of socioeconomic and ecological importance, the reef environments in northeastern Brazil have been suffering with cluttered tourism impacts, such as trampling, activity that leads to decrease in abundance of organisms, especially benthic, and loss of biodiversity. The objectives of this study were 1) to characterize the benthic community in the shallow sandstone reef of Pirangi/RN, identifying patterns of zonation, and 2) evaluate its process of structuring under different degrees of impact of trampling, providing information to the proper use of the area. Data on abundance of organisms, the percentage coverage of the substrate and physic-chemical parameters were collected. The formation of two zones on the reef was observed: one that considers submerged areas and ones with shorter time of exposure, lower roughness and higher heterogeneity in the coverage of the substrate, with a predominance of sand, foliose algae, rodolit, being related to organisms such as gastropods, crabs and sea-urchin; the second zone comprises areas with longer time of exposure, greater roughness and predominance of bedrock uncovered, being associated with organisms such as barnacles, gastropods, bivalves and crabs. It is concluded that the studied reef presents its own zonation pattern, influenced by both the time of immersion and the substrate characteristics, such as roughness and type of coverage. To answer the second objective of this study, four experimental blocks were mounted on each of the three areas of different intensities of trampling, containing the following treatments: control (isolated from trampling), shaved isolated, trampling and shaved trampling, with data collection by 11 months. The data in abundance, diversity indices and living coverage of the substrate were compared between areas and treatments. The results showed that at the trampling areas, at the end of the experiment, differences were observed between the intensities of the impact, where higher values of abundance and richness of mobile fauna and richness of live coverage (ANOVA, p <0.05) were found in the area of higher trampling intensity. For fauna withdrawal of trampled scraped treatments, it was observed in the area of greatest impact that the abundance of small benthic invertebrates is more than three times smaller than that at the area of intermediate trampling (ANOVA, p <0.05). Initial isolated areas and final ones differed only as to the percentage of live coverage, with an increase of 35% at the end of this experiment. As for the areas that were completely scraped and isolated at the end of the experiment was observed an increase in the percentage of live coverage of 11.11% compared to the initial amount in the area of intermediate impact and 37.5% in the area with greater impact, indicating recovery of the area. It is suggested that the current use of the reef of Pirangi be reviewed, with a decentralization of trampling, or a decrease in visits, so that it does not occur at high intensities