The purpose of this study was to illustrate the need for Second Stage shelter programs for battered women. A five page survey instrument in the form of a questionnaire was sent to the Program Directors of each Second Stage shelter listed by the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence as being presently functioning. The hypothesis of this study--the need for Second Stage shelter programs for battered women--was tested by a review of the literature, quantitative data collection and analysis, and a discussion of the qualitative responses (both requested and volunteered). Collectively, the information received from the respondents provided significant data on three areas of importance in this research: (1) characteristics of Second Stage shelter programs; (2) characteristics of Second Stage shelter services and, (3) characteristics of Second Stage shelter clients. Interpretation of the information using descriptive analysis demonstrated a pressing need for Second Stage shelter programs.

The goal of the current research design was to determine whether childhood maltreatment is a significant risk factor in the development of gambling problems. Moreover, the aim was to address the cumulative effects of risk factors by assessing a broader range of adversities from a developmental psychopathology perspective. This study included 1,324 young adults (42.8% males; 57.2% females) attending college, with ages ranging from 17 to 22 years. Participants completed self-report measures on gambling and substance use problems, childhood maltreatment, psychological symptomology, stress, and resilience. Approximately 36.5% of the sample met criteria for a substance use disorder, 4.0% reported problems with gambling and substance use, and 2.1% were problem gamblers. Problem gamblers and individuals with substance related problems reported the overall highest levels of childhood maltreatment, psychological symptomology, stress, and lowest levels of resilience. Gender (being male), high stress, and childhood maltreatment accurately predicted gambling group membership (76.7%). Importance of childhood maltreatment as a risk factor in conjunction with other variables supported the hypothesis regarding the cumulative effects of adversity and was well able to predict future outcomes at 82%. No single risk factor differentiated between the problem gamblers from the problem substance users. The results of this study highlight the substantial interrelation between childhood abuse and other negative circumstances that increase the risk for general addiction group and problem gambling group membership. This study underscores the importance of routine assessment for childhood trauma in individuals presenting for gambling and substance use treatment and provides an important facet toward our understanding of problem gambling.

The purpose of this study was to elicit information about the process of coping employed by battered women during a hypothetical abusive incident. The research question addressed in this study was: How do appraisal of an event, the use of coping resources, and coping strategies vary across three phases of a single stressful incident?Four variables were examined as group tendencies to react and changes over three phases of a hypothetical abusive incident. These variables were: 1) reported emotions, 2) extent to which the participants felt they could alter the situations (perceived control), 3) use of social support and 4) ways of coping at each stage. In addition, individual differences in coping as a function of emotions experienced, feelings of control and use of social support were also examined. The participants in this study were 54 females who had been admitted to a shelter for battered women. An experimental, repeated measures design was employed and data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and linear, stepwise regression analysis. All hypotheses were tested at alpha = .05.The results of this study showed that emotions, perceptions of control and coping strategies significantly changed across the three phases of the abusive incident. There were significant main effects found for emotions, perceptions of control and types of social support used, regardless of the phase of the incident. In addition individual differences in coping as a function of cognitive appraisal variables were also found. This study shows that a stressful encounter i s a dynamic, unfolding process and riot a static unitary event. As the abusive incident proceeded from the anticipation stage to the outcome stage, there were concomitant changes in emotions, appraisals of control over the situation and coping strategies used. This study also showed that people cope in complex ways and that problem-focused coping was combined with emotion-focused coping at each stage of the encounter.

Thesis (MNursing)--University of South Australia, 2003.

Thesis (MHSc--Health Science) -- Auckland University of Technology, 2004. / Also held in print (339 leaves, 30 cm.) in Akoranga Theses Collection. (T 362.82920993 GIL)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2007. / Adviser: Carla Reyes. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2007. / Adviser: Linda G. Mills. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Psy.D.)--Alliant International University, San Diego, 2007. / Adviser: Robert Geffner. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--California State University, Long Beach, 2008. / Adviser: Bruce Berg. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2007. / Prepared for: School of Social Work. Bibliography: leaves 229-240. Also available online via the Internet.