A dissertação trata dos cursinhos pré-vestibulares alternativos existentes no Município de São Paulo na década de 1990. Essas organizações surgiram no momento em que o Ensino Médio mais que dobrou sua matrícula, incorporando a camada social mais pobre da população. Procurando garantir o ingresso desses alunos no Ensino Superior, tais pré-vestibulares, além de oferecer o curso a preços populares, passaram a lutar por políticas de ação afirmativa que garantissem a igualdade no acesso, em especial para os alunos da rede pública e estudantes afrodescendentes. A pressão exercida já produziu alguns resultados, como a isenção de taxa em alguns exames seletivos e um maior debate sobre a desigualdade no acesso das universidades públicas. Observou-se em especial as alterações no vestibular da USP, já que esta concentra o maior número de vagas públicas daquele Município. / This dissertation takes as subject the popular preparatory courses for university entrance set in the city of São Paulo in the decade of 1990. Such organisations were established when middle and high school education started to embody a larger number of people coming from the lower income population. During this period school enrolment increased to more than twice the rate observed in the previous period. Aiming to assure students of lower income could access higher education, popular preparatory courses, besides charging lower prices for their services, began to claim for affirmative action policies. Such policies should provide social equality regarding public universities’ accessibility, especially to students coming from public schools and afro-descents. Political pressure as engendered by that movement has already achieved some results, such as exemption of inscription fees for some entrance examination and a more intensive social debate on the present inequality concerning access to public universities. Changes occurred in the entrance examination for the University of São Paulo (USP) deserve special remark, since this institution concentrates the highest number of public vacancies within the above-mentioned city.

A dissertação trata dos cursinhos pré-vestibulares alternativos existentes no Município de São Paulo na década de 1990. Essas organizações surgiram no momento em que o Ensino Médio mais que dobrou sua matrícula, incorporando a camada social mais pobre da população. Procurando garantir o ingresso desses alunos no Ensino Superior, tais pré-vestibulares, além de oferecer o curso a preços populares, passaram a lutar por políticas de ação afirmativa que garantissem a igualdade no acesso, em especial para os alunos da rede pública e estudantes afrodescendentes. A pressão exercida já produziu alguns resultados, como a isenção de taxa em alguns exames seletivos e um maior debate sobre a desigualdade no acesso das universidades públicas. Observou-se em especial as alterações no vestibular da USP, já que esta concentra o maior número de vagas públicas daquele Município. / This dissertation takes as subject the popular preparatory courses for university entrance set in the city of São Paulo in the decade of 1990. Such organisations were established when middle and high school education started to embody a larger number of people coming from the lower income population. During this period school enrolment increased to more than twice the rate observed in the previous period. Aiming to assure students of lower income could access higher education, popular preparatory courses, besides charging lower prices for their services, began to claim for affirmative action policies. Such policies should provide social equality regarding public universities’ accessibility, especially to students coming from public schools and afro-descents. Political pressure as engendered by that movement has already achieved some results, such as exemption of inscription fees for some entrance examination and a more intensive social debate on the present inequality concerning access to public universities. Changes occurred in the entrance examination for the University of São Paulo (USP) deserve special remark, since this institution concentrates the highest number of public vacancies within the above-mentioned city.

<p>In the academic world, open access institutional repositories (IRs) are beginning to play a vital role in storing and disseminating scholarly communication. Through this method, higher education institutions are able to showcase their intellectual outputs and to contribute to sharing and building knowledge. This evolutionary process of scholarly communication is an important feature of knowledge societies. Furthermore, IRs allow scholars to make known the research they are involved in, which can result in their academic reputation improving, as well as the reputations of the institutions they represent.</p> <p>The purpose of this study is to examine the processes of establishing IRs in the four tertiary education institutions in the Western Cape, which form part of the Cape Higher Education Consortium (CHEC). Within this consortium is the collaborative library project, the Cape Library Consortium (CALICO), which represents the four academic library services. The researcher investigated whether the four Western Cape Higher Education Institutions have established IRs and their experiences in doing so. They are examined in the light of the guidelines for successful IRs already established in the international professional literature on IRs. Throughout the study, the partnerships that are needed for the success of IRs, with a specific emphasis on the crucial role that the librarian might play in this regard, are a central focus.</p> <p>The study is a qualitative case study, relying on interviews with key informants from the four HEIs and analysing policy and other supporting documents. The study confirms comment in the literature that IRs evolve in &ldquo / messy&rdquo / and &ldquo / spotty&rdquo / ways. The key findings might be summarised in the form of four assertions:</p> <ul> <li>&ldquo / It is all about people&rdquo / </li> <li>Philosophical differences are significant</li> <li>Context and history cannot be ignored</li> <li>The role of the university library is ambiguous.</li> </ul> <p>It is hoped that the study of fledgling IR projects might provide insights useful to the broader IR research and professional literature.</p>

<p>In the academic world, open access institutional repositories (IRs) are beginning to play a vital role in storing and disseminating scholarly communication. Through this method, higher education institutions are able to showcase their intellectual outputs and to contribute to sharing and building knowledge. This evolutionary process of scholarly communication is an important feature of knowledge societies. Furthermore, IRs allow scholars to make known the research they are involved in, which can result in their academic reputation improving, as well as the reputations of the institutions they represent.</p> <p>The purpose of this study is to examine the processes of establishing IRs in the four tertiary education institutions in the Western Cape, which form part of the Cape Higher Education Consortium (CHEC). Within this consortium is the collaborative library project, the Cape Library Consortium (CALICO), which represents the four academic library services. The researcher investigated whether the four Western Cape Higher Education Institutions have established IRs and their experiences in doing so. They are examined in the light of the guidelines for successful IRs already established in the international professional literature on IRs. Throughout the study, the partnerships that are needed for the success of IRs, with a specific emphasis on the crucial role that the librarian might play in this regard, are a central focus.</p> <p>The study is a qualitative case study, relying on interviews with key informants from the four HEIs and analysing policy and other supporting documents. The study confirms comment in the literature that IRs evolve in &ldquo / messy&rdquo / and &ldquo / spotty&rdquo / ways. The key findings might be summarised in the form of four assertions:</p> <ul> <li>&ldquo / It is all about people&rdquo / </li> <li>Philosophical differences are significant</li> <li>Context and history cannot be ignored</li> <li>The role of the university library is ambiguous.</li> </ul> <p>It is hoped that the study of fledgling IR projects might provide insights useful to the broader IR research and professional literature.</p>

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