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M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (African Studies) / The study deals with forms of address in isiZulu. Therefore, the various aspects of speech that play roles when addressing a person, the factors affecting forms of address in isiZulu and the effect of languages such as English, Afrikaans and other African languages on the forms of address in isiZulu are of interest. Research was conducted on forms of address in isiZulu in parts of Soweto and it was discovered that form of address are determined by different factors in a given situation and the influence of a variety of languages. The data was collected from: 1. Books on forms of address in other languages. 2. Recorded conversations and discussions. 3. Recorded television and radio programmes. In each chapter, sub-categories of addressing people, their use and factors determining them are highlighted.

M.A. (Afrikaans) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

In wireless/mobile networks, users freely change their service point while they are communicating with other users. In order to support the mobility of mobile nodes, Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) is proposed in IETF, in which an MN must inform its home agent the binding of its home address and the current care-of address (CoA). The home agent forwards packets to CoA when it receives packets for the MN. There is a significant problem in MIPv6 due to its inability to support micro-mobility cause by long delay and high packet loss during handover. Hierarchical mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) is proposed to separate mobility into micro-mobility (within one domain) and macro-mobility (between domains). HMIPv6 introduced a new protocol element called Mobility Anchor Point (MAP) to manage the mobility. HMIPv6 can reduce the delay and the amount of signaling during handover. However HMIPv6 only improves micro mobility problem where the significant delay still occurs in macro mobility management. Duplicate address detection and the transmission time during the handoff operation could cause high delays. This paper considers handover operations. By simulations, we show that the proposed scheme can realize low handoff delay and packet loss during handover.

No description available.

There are many kinds of legal addresses in the private sphere of a person, having different legal effects and treatments. In that line, the present paper will analyze the concept of tax address. For that purpose, first the concept of address will be introduced, then it’ll focus on tax address, to finally see the treatment of the address in the Tax Code. To finish, both Not Found and Not Been Adress will be analyzed, and so the tax consequences of each one. / Existen muchos tipos de domicilios en la esfera privada de una persona, teniendo diferentes efectos y tratamientos legales. En ese sentido, el presente artículo analizaremos el concepto de domicilio fiscal. Para ello, primero se introducirá el concepto de domicilio, centrándonos luego en el domicilio fiscal, para finalmente ver el tratamiento del domicilio en el Código Tributario. Para finalizar, se analizará el caso del Domicilio No Hallado y No Habido, así como las consecuencias tributarias de cada uno.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the use of address form in Tshivenda. Chapter one concentrates on aims of study, data collection and the organisation of study. Chapter two concentrates on various studies which deal with forms of address in different communities. They introduce forms of address as a routine between people who are embedded in the socio-cultural context of society. Chapter three deals with the informal use of forms of address. This includes names, pronouns and kinship terms. Different names deal with Tshivenda names and Non- Tshivenda names, and the way they are used in different context as a form of address. The controversial use of a pronoun as a form of address is also taken into account as well as kinship terms as a form of address in family where forms are applied in informal situation. [Where the place is unstructured and they are applied in the traditional way.] Chapter four investigates the formal use of address in a structured situation, this covers titles, occupations, special address forms and innovations. Titles are used in a more structured situation. They show social rank or official position such as Doctors, Professors etc. Occupational terms are connected with a person's job. These are terms like nurses, teachers etc. The special forms of address are used in certain occasions where the sender uses an unpopular form of address, uses new techniques and they are practised by elite class, who tries to change the status quo. Chapter five gives the main conclusions of the thesis. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die gebruik van aanspreekvorme in Tshivenda. Hoofstuk een konsentreer op die doelstellings van die studie, die versameling van data en die organisasie van die studie. Hoofstuk twee konsentreer op verskillende studies wat handel oor aanspreekvorme in verskillende gemeenskappe. Hulle sluit in aanspreekvorme soos gewoonlik gebruik tussen mense wat vas gewortel is in die sosio-kulturele konteks van die gemeenskap. Hoofstuk drie handel oor die gebruik van informele aanspreekvorme. Dit sluit in name, voornaamwoorde en verwantskapsterme. Dit sluit in Venda en nie-Venda name in verskillende kontekste. Die gebruik van 'n voornaamwoord in aanspreekvorme word ook belangrik geag sowel as verwantskapsterme in familie waar vorme gebruik word in informele situasie. Hoofstuk vier ondersoek die formele gebruik van aanspreekvorme in 'n strukturele situasie. Die sluit in titel, beroepe, spesiale vorme en innovasie. Titels word gebruik in In strukturele situasie. Hulle verwys na sosiale posisie of amptelike posisie soos dokters, professors ens. Die spesiale vorme word gebruik in omstandighede waar die sender die ongewone vorm gebruik vir die ontvanger. Innovatiewe vorme gebruik nuwe tegnieke en hulle word beoefen deur die hoer klas, wat probeer om die status quo te verander. Hoofstuk vyf gee die bevindinge van die tesis.

A static memory reference exhibits a unique property when its dynamic memory addresses are congruent with respect to some non-trivial modulus. Extraction of this congruence information at compile-time enables new classes of program optimization. In this paper, we present methods for forcing congruence among the dynamic addresses of a memory reference. We also introduce a compiler algorithm for detecting this property. Our transformations do not require interprocedural analysis and introduce almost no overhead. As a result, they can be incorporated into real compilation systems. On average, our transformations are able to achieve a five-fold increase in the number of congruent memory operations. We are then able to detect 95% of these references. This success is invaluable in providing performance gains in a variety of areas. When congruence information is incorporated into a vectorizing compiler, we can increase the performance of a G4 AltiVec processor up to a factor of two. Using the same methods, we are able to reduce energy consumption in a data cache by as much as 35%. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)