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Os objetivos deste estudo foram: desenvolver, implementar e avaliar o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem - AVAp na temática "Administração de Medicamentos", a alunos do Curso Profissionalizante em Enfermagem de uma Escola Técnica de Universidade Pública na cidade de Curitiba/PR., e avaliar a aprendizagem destes alunos através de média obtida após o uso do programa. A teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky mediou os conceitos de desenvolvimento nos processos de aprendizagem. A elaboração do programa está dividida em três fases: a primeira refere ao desenvolvimento do AVAp e subdividida em duas etapas que correspondem à Elaboração e Desenvolvimento, com a criação do texto e do Guia didático e sua validação; a segunda etapa: Formatação e avaliação dos textos para linguagem específica (html) em formato de hipertexto, para divulgação na Internet. A fase 2 correspondeu à implementação do acesso do aluno na plataforma e ao texto “administração de medicamentos" e avaliação de uso. A fase 3 correspondeu à Avaliação da aprendizagem, através de prova teórica presencial. Os alunos participantes foram dezenove dos alunos ingressos no Curso profissionalizante em enfermagem 2005. A maioria tinha noções de informática e conhecimentos elementares de administração de medicamentos. As avaliações do programa demonstraram que o mesmo está de acordo com os objetivos educacionais propostos para desenvolvimento e implementação de uma tecnologia educacional. A avaliação da aprendizagem demonstrou que os alunos tiveram uma porcentagem na ordem de acertos de 85%. Portanto, o programa atingiu os objetivos. Dessa forma as reflexões e possibilidade na elaboração de novas tecnologias educacionais serão válidas tanto para auxiliar no processo ensino/aprendizagem, como para o desenvolvimento de futuros profissionais na Enfermagem. / The objectives of this study were: to develop, implement and evaluate the Learning Virtual Environment – LVEn in the theme “Administering Medications", to students of the Professional Nursing Course at one Technical School of Public University in the city of Curitiba/PR., and evaluate those students´ learning ability through their average grade obtained after the program´s application. Vygotsky´s historico-cultural theory has mediated the concepts of development in the learning processes. The program´s elaboration has been divided into three phases: the first: LVEn development, subdivided in two stages that correspond to Elaboration and Development, with the creation of the text and the didactic Guide, and its validation; the second phase: Formatting and evaluating the texts for a specific language (html) in hypertext format, to be accessed on the internet. Phase 2 corresponded to implementing the student´s access on the platform and to the text “administering medication" and assessment of its use. Phase 3 corresponded to the learning Evaluation, through presential written exam. The participating students were nineteen of the students who enrolled in the professional Course in 2005. Most of them had some computer skills, and elementary knowledge in administrating medicine. The evaluations on the program demonstrate that it is in accordance with the educational goals intended to develop and implement an educational technology. The assessment on learning has shown that the students answered 85%. Therefore, the program has achieved its objectives. Thus, the considerations and the possibility to elaborate new educational technologies will be valid to help in the teaching/learning process, as well as in developing future nursing professionals.

Os objetivos deste estudo foram: desenvolver, implementar e avaliar o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem - AVAp na temática "Administração de Medicamentos", a alunos do Curso Profissionalizante em Enfermagem de uma Escola Técnica de Universidade Pública na cidade de Curitiba/PR., e avaliar a aprendizagem destes alunos através de média obtida após o uso do programa. A teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky mediou os conceitos de desenvolvimento nos processos de aprendizagem. A elaboração do programa está dividida em três fases: a primeira refere ao desenvolvimento do AVAp e subdividida em duas etapas que correspondem à Elaboração e Desenvolvimento, com a criação do texto e do Guia didático e sua validação; a segunda etapa: Formatação e avaliação dos textos para linguagem específica (html) em formato de hipertexto, para divulgação na Internet. A fase 2 correspondeu à implementação do acesso do aluno na plataforma e ao texto “administração de medicamentos” e avaliação de uso. A fase 3 correspondeu à Avaliação da aprendizagem, através de prova teórica presencial. Os alunos participantes foram dezenove dos alunos ingressos no Curso profissionalizante em enfermagem 2005. A maioria tinha noções de informática e conhecimentos elementares de administração de medicamentos. As avaliações do programa demonstraram que o mesmo está de acordo com os objetivos educacionais propostos para desenvolvimento e implementação de uma tecnologia educacional. A avaliação da aprendizagem demonstrou que os alunos tiveram uma porcentagem na ordem de acertos de 85%. Portanto, o programa atingiu os objetivos. Dessa forma as reflexões e possibilidade na elaboração de novas tecnologias educacionais serão válidas tanto para auxiliar no processo ensino/aprendizagem, como para o desenvolvimento de futuros profissionais na Enfermagem. / The objectives of this study were: to develop, implement and evaluate the Learning Virtual Environment – LVEn in the theme “Administering Medications”, to students of the Professional Nursing Course at one Technical School of Public University in the city of Curitiba/PR., and evaluate those students´ learning ability through their average grade obtained after the program´s application. Vygotsky´s historico-cultural theory has mediated the concepts of development in the learning processes. The program´s elaboration has been divided into three phases: the first: LVEn development, subdivided in two stages that correspond to Elaboration and Development, with the creation of the text and the didactic Guide, and its validation; the second phase: Formatting and evaluating the texts for a specific language (html) in hypertext format, to be accessed on the internet. Phase 2 corresponded to implementing the student´s access on the platform and to the text “administering medication” and assessment of its use. Phase 3 corresponded to the learning Evaluation, through presential written exam. The participating students were nineteen of the students who enrolled in the professional Course in 2005. Most of them had some computer skills, and elementary knowledge in administrating medicine. The evaluations on the program demonstrate that it is in accordance with the educational goals intended to develop and implement an educational technology. The assessment on learning has shown that the students answered 85%. Therefore, the program has achieved its objectives. Thus, the considerations and the possibility to elaborate new educational technologies will be valid to help in the teaching/learning process, as well as in developing future nursing professionals.

AIMS Managed care is a market model of health care distribution, aspects of which are being incorporated into the Australian health care environment. Justifications for adopting managed care lie in purported claims to higher levels of efficiency and greater ‘consumer’ choice. The purpose of this research, then, is to determine the ethical implications of adapting this particular administrative model to Australia’s health care system. In general, it is intended to provide ethical guidance for health care administrators and policy-makers, health care practitioners, patients and the wider community. SCOPE Managed care emerges as a product of the contemporary, neo-liberal market with which it is inextricably linked. In order to understand the nature of this concept, then, this research necessarily includes a limited account of the nature of the market in which managed care is situated and disseminated. While a more detailed examination of the neo-liberal market is worthy of a thesis in itself, this project attends, less ambitiously, to two general concerns. Firstly, against a background of various histories of health care distribution, it assesses the market’s propensity for upholding the moral requirements of health care distributive decision-making. This aspect of the analysis is informed by a framework for health care morality the construction of which accompanies an inquiry into the moral nature of health care, including a deliberation about rights-claims to health care and the proper means of its distribution. Secondly, by way of offering a precautionary tale, it examines the organisational structures and regulations by which its expansionary ambitions are promoted and realised. CONCLUSIONS As a market solution to the problem of administering health care resources, the pursuit of cost-control, if not actual profit, becomes the primary objective of health care activity under managed care. Hence, the moral purposes of health care provision, as pursued within the therapeutic relationship and expressed through the social provision of health care, are displaced by the economic purposes of the ‘free’ market. Accordingly, the integrity of both health care practitioners and communities is corrupted. At the same time, it is demonstrated that the claims of managed care proponents to higher levels of efficiency are largely unfounded; indeed, under managed care, health care costs have continued to rise. At the same time, levels of access to health care have deteriorated. These adverse outcomes of managed care are borne, most particularly, by poorer members of communities. Further, contrary to the claims of its proponents, choice as to the availability and kinds of health care services is diminished. Moreover, the competitive market in which managed care is situated has given rise to a plethora of bankruptcies, mergers and alliances in the United States where the market is now characterised by oligopoly and monopoly providers. In this way, a viable market in health care is largely disproved. Nonetheless, when protected within a non-market context and subject to the requirements of justice, a limited number of managed care techniques can assist Australia’s efforts to conserve the resources of health care. However, any more robust adoption of this concept would be ethically indefensible.