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Haemodynamic effects of stress during selective and non-selective [beta]-blockade a study in normotensive and hypertensive subjects /Houben, Henri Hubert Marie Leonie. January 1982 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Nijmegen, 1982.
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Temporal trends in the medical treatment of unstable angina, 1990-1995, and health outcomes associated with beta-blocker and diltiazem treatment of unstable angina /Smith, Nicholas Lannon. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [65]-76).
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Beta1-selective adrenoceptor antagonists in chronic non-specific lung diseaseGreefhorst, Aloysius Paulus Maria, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Katholieke Universiteit te Nijmegen.
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Efeitos do metoprolol em modelo experimental de choque séptico / Effects of metoprolol in experimental model of septic shockCorrêa, André Luís 01 December 2014 (has links)
O uso de fármacos cardiovasculares tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, incluindo o uso de beta-bloqueadores como o metoprolol. E embora estudos experimentais e clínicos tenham demonstrado benefícios na utilização desta classe de fármacos em pacientes sépticos, o bloqueio de receptores beta-adrenérgicos continua sendo contraditório, especialmente no choque séptico. Vinte fêmeas suínas nas quais o choque séptico foi induzido através da infusão intravenosa de Escherichia coli (6x109 UFC/kg em duas horas), foram randomicamente distribuídas (n=10 por grupo) em um grupo Metoprolol (GM; 214.2 ?g/kg de metoprol infundido em 45 minutos) ou grupo Controle (GC), o qual recebeu um volume correspondente de solução salina. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e de oxigenação foram avaliados no momento basal (TB), T30, T60, T120, T240 e T360 minutos. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas ainda em TB, T120 e T360 e armazenadas para posterior mensuração da concentração sérica de citocinas e marcadores cardíacos. Durante este período utilizou-se um protocolo de ressuscitação com Ringer lactato, norepinefrina (NE) e dobutamina para manutenção da pressão arterial média (PAM) > 65 mmHg, da pressão venosa central (PVC) em 8-12 mmHg e da saturação venosa mista de oxigênio (SvO2) > 65%. Os dados paramétricos foram analisados utilizando ANOVA de duas vias para medidas repetidas, seguidas por Tukey quando necessário, enquanto para os dados não paramétricos utilizaram-se os testes de Kruskall-Wallis e Mann-Whitney. A quantidade de fluido, NE e dobutamina foi analisada pelo teste t de Student, e a análise de sobrevivência foi realizada utilizando o Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. Exceto por um valor mais elevado do índice de resistência vascular sistêmica (IRVS) em T240 (p=0,02) nos animais tratados com metoprolol, todos os parâmetros analisados neste estudo apresentaram um comportamento similar em ambos os grupos. Nenhuma diferença foi observada também em relação ao volume total de fluido (p=0,914), à quantidade total de NE (p=0,069) e dobutamina (p=0,560) administrada, e ainda em relação à mortalidade. Embora estudos tenham demonstrado diversos benefícios na utilização de beta-bloqueadores em pacientes sépticos, e que estes tenham demonstrado resultados promissores, a administração de metoprolol não apresentou benefícios em nenhum dos parâmetros analisados em nosso modelo experimental. Porém, em um cenário onde a administração de beta-bloqueadores está em constante crescimento, é de grande importância saber que sua administração não apresenta efeitos deletérios nestes pacientes / The use of cardiovascular drugs considerably increased in recent years, including the use of ?-blockers, such as metoprolol. And although experimental and clinical studies had demonstrated benefits on the administration of these drugs in septic patients, the ?-blockade is still contradictory, especially in the septic shock. Twenty female pigs in which septic shock was induced through intravenous E. coli infusion (6x109 c.f.u/kg in 2h) were randomly assigned (n=10 per group) to the Metoprolol group (214.2 ?g kg-1 of metoprol infused in 45 minutes) or Control group, which received a correspondent volume of normal saline. Hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters were then evaluated at baseline (TB), T30, T60, T120, T240 and T360 minutes. Blood samples were collected at TB, T120 and T360 for posterior mensuration of serum cytokines and cardiac markers. During this period, a resuscitation protocol with lactated Ringer\'s solution, norepinephrine and dobutamine was used to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg, the central venous pressure (CVP) between 8-12 mmHg and the mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) > 65%. Parametric data were compared using the two-way repeated measures ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test when necessary, while the nonparametric data were analyzed with the Kruskall-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney test. The total volume of fluid and total amount of norepinephrine and dobutamine infused were analyzed by the Student\'s t-test. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. Except for the higher values of systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) at T240 (p=0.02) in the animals that received metoprolol, all the parameters analyzed in this study showed a similar behavior in both groups. No difference was also observed between groups in relation to the total volume of fluid (p=0.914), the total amount of norepinephrine (p=0.069) and dobutamine (p=0.560) infused, and related to the survival rate. Although some studies have demonstrated several benefits with the use of beta-blockers in patients with sepsis and show promising results, the administration of metoprolol did not improve any of the parameters analyzed in our experimental model. However, in a scenario where the administration of ?-blockers is increasing constantly, it is important to know that its administration do not present deleterious effects in these patients
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Evaluating utilization of beta-blockers as secondary prevention for post myocardial infarction in a Medicaid populationFernandes, Ancilla W. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 263 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-242).
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The effect of [beta]-blockers on bone mineral density and fractures in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) /Vautour, Line. January 2007 (has links)
Objectives. beta-blockers can alter bone turnover and increase bone formation in animals. It is unknown whether beta-blockers have similar bone protective effects in humans. We aimed to estimate the effects of beta-blockers on bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures using data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, a large prospective cohort study. / Methods. All medications, including beta-blockers, taken at baseline and after five years of follow-up were recorded. BMD was measured at baseline. During the five years of follow-up, incident minimal trauma fractures were documented by yearly questionnaires. To compare users of beta-blockers to non-users while controlling for possible confounders, multiple linear regression was utilized to estimate between group differences in BMD and multivariate logistic regression was employed to estimate differences in fracture risk. / Results. Of the 9423 participants, 236 of 2884 males (8.2%) and 600 of 6539 females (9.2%) used beta-blockers at some point during the study. In men, beta-blocker users had differences of +1.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.9%, 3.0%) and +1.2% (95% CI -0.5%, 4.0%) in baseline BMD at the total hip and at the lumbar spine, respectively, compared to non-users. In women, beta-blocker users had differences of +0.05% (95% CI -1.2%, 1.3%) and +0.2% (95% CI -1.3%, 1.7%) for the BMD of the total hip and the lumbar spine, respectively, compared to non-users. For users of beta-blockers at baseline, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for any minimal trauma fracture was 1.23 (95% CI 0.67--2.25) in men and 1.02 (95% CI 0.76--1.35) in women. Chronic use (user at baseline and year 5) in men had an OR for any minimal trauma fracture of 2.1 (95% CI 1.0--4.3). In women who used beta-blockers at baseline but not at year 5, the OR for hip fracture was 6.3 (95% CI 2.0--19.3). The risk of fractures for other sites was inconclusive owing to wide confidence intervals. / Conclusion. Despite relatively large numbers of subjects, wide confidence intervals do not permit strong conclusions with regards to the effect of beta-blockers on BMD in men. Using a 2% limit of clinical importance for BMD, there appears to be no effect of beta-blockers on BMD in women. There is some evidence from our study that beta-blockers may be associated with an increased risk of fractures in certain subsets of users.
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Pharmacogenetic studies of antihypertensive treatment : with special reference to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system /Kurland, Lisa, January 2001 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Efeitos do metoprolol em modelo experimental de choque séptico / Effects of metoprolol in experimental model of septic shockAndré Luís Corrêa 01 December 2014 (has links)
O uso de fármacos cardiovasculares tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, incluindo o uso de beta-bloqueadores como o metoprolol. E embora estudos experimentais e clínicos tenham demonstrado benefícios na utilização desta classe de fármacos em pacientes sépticos, o bloqueio de receptores beta-adrenérgicos continua sendo contraditório, especialmente no choque séptico. Vinte fêmeas suínas nas quais o choque séptico foi induzido através da infusão intravenosa de Escherichia coli (6x109 UFC/kg em duas horas), foram randomicamente distribuídas (n=10 por grupo) em um grupo Metoprolol (GM; 214.2 ?g/kg de metoprol infundido em 45 minutos) ou grupo Controle (GC), o qual recebeu um volume correspondente de solução salina. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e de oxigenação foram avaliados no momento basal (TB), T30, T60, T120, T240 e T360 minutos. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas ainda em TB, T120 e T360 e armazenadas para posterior mensuração da concentração sérica de citocinas e marcadores cardíacos. Durante este período utilizou-se um protocolo de ressuscitação com Ringer lactato, norepinefrina (NE) e dobutamina para manutenção da pressão arterial média (PAM) > 65 mmHg, da pressão venosa central (PVC) em 8-12 mmHg e da saturação venosa mista de oxigênio (SvO2) > 65%. Os dados paramétricos foram analisados utilizando ANOVA de duas vias para medidas repetidas, seguidas por Tukey quando necessário, enquanto para os dados não paramétricos utilizaram-se os testes de Kruskall-Wallis e Mann-Whitney. A quantidade de fluido, NE e dobutamina foi analisada pelo teste t de Student, e a análise de sobrevivência foi realizada utilizando o Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. Exceto por um valor mais elevado do índice de resistência vascular sistêmica (IRVS) em T240 (p=0,02) nos animais tratados com metoprolol, todos os parâmetros analisados neste estudo apresentaram um comportamento similar em ambos os grupos. Nenhuma diferença foi observada também em relação ao volume total de fluido (p=0,914), à quantidade total de NE (p=0,069) e dobutamina (p=0,560) administrada, e ainda em relação à mortalidade. Embora estudos tenham demonstrado diversos benefícios na utilização de beta-bloqueadores em pacientes sépticos, e que estes tenham demonstrado resultados promissores, a administração de metoprolol não apresentou benefícios em nenhum dos parâmetros analisados em nosso modelo experimental. Porém, em um cenário onde a administração de beta-bloqueadores está em constante crescimento, é de grande importância saber que sua administração não apresenta efeitos deletérios nestes pacientes / The use of cardiovascular drugs considerably increased in recent years, including the use of ?-blockers, such as metoprolol. And although experimental and clinical studies had demonstrated benefits on the administration of these drugs in septic patients, the ?-blockade is still contradictory, especially in the septic shock. Twenty female pigs in which septic shock was induced through intravenous E. coli infusion (6x109 c.f.u/kg in 2h) were randomly assigned (n=10 per group) to the Metoprolol group (214.2 ?g kg-1 of metoprol infused in 45 minutes) or Control group, which received a correspondent volume of normal saline. Hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters were then evaluated at baseline (TB), T30, T60, T120, T240 and T360 minutes. Blood samples were collected at TB, T120 and T360 for posterior mensuration of serum cytokines and cardiac markers. During this period, a resuscitation protocol with lactated Ringer\'s solution, norepinephrine and dobutamine was used to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg, the central venous pressure (CVP) between 8-12 mmHg and the mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) > 65%. Parametric data were compared using the two-way repeated measures ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test when necessary, while the nonparametric data were analyzed with the Kruskall-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney test. The total volume of fluid and total amount of norepinephrine and dobutamine infused were analyzed by the Student\'s t-test. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. Except for the higher values of systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) at T240 (p=0.02) in the animals that received metoprolol, all the parameters analyzed in this study showed a similar behavior in both groups. No difference was also observed between groups in relation to the total volume of fluid (p=0.914), the total amount of norepinephrine (p=0.069) and dobutamine (p=0.560) infused, and related to the survival rate. Although some studies have demonstrated several benefits with the use of beta-blockers in patients with sepsis and show promising results, the administration of metoprolol did not improve any of the parameters analyzed in our experimental model. However, in a scenario where the administration of ?-blockers is increasing constantly, it is important to know that its administration do not present deleterious effects in these patients
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The effect of [beta]-blockers on bone mineral density and fractures in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) /Vautour, Line. January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
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Efeito do carvedilol na prevenção da cardiotoxicidade por antraciclinas: estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, placebo controlado (CECCY Trial) / Effect of carvedilol in the prevention of chemotheraphyinduced cardiotoxicity: results of a randomized, double blind, placebocontrolled trialGrinberg, Mônica Samuel Avila 23 November 2018 (has links)
Introdução: O tratamento quimioterápico com antraciclina está associado à cardiotoxicidade. Sua prevenção primária com o uso de beta-bloqueadores permanece controversa. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o papel do carvedilol na prevenção da cardiotoxicidade relacionada ao tratamento com antraciclina. Métodos: estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, placebo controlado que incluiu 200 pacientes com câncer de mama, fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda (FEVE) preservada e uso de doxorrubicina (240 mg/m²) para receber carvedilol ou placebo até a conclusão da quimioterapia em proporção 1:1. O desfecho primário foi a redução > 10% da FEVE em seis meses. Os desfechos secundários foram o efeito do carvedilol nos marcadores de injúria miocárdica, troponina I (TnI) e peptídeo natriurético cerebral (BNP), e na disfunção diastólica. Resultados: O desfecho primário ocorreu em 14 (14,5%) pacientes do grupo carvedilol e em 13 (13,5%) do grupo placebo (p=1,0). Não houve diferença nos valores da FEVE durante o tratamento quimioterápico ou nos valores de BNP entre os grupos. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos na distribuição dos níveis de TnI ao longo do tempo, com menor pico de TnI no grupo carvedilol (p=0,003). Além disso, houve menor incidência de disfunção diastólica no grupo carvedilol (p=0,039). Foi observada tendência para menor aumento do diâmetro diastólico do ventrículo esquerdo do início do tratamento até o final da quimioterapia no grupo carvedilol em relação ao placebo, respectivamente, 44,1+3,64 a 45,2+3,2 vs 44,9+3,6 a 46,4+4,0 mm (p=0,057). Conclusão: A incidência de cardiotoxicidade com o uso de doses contemporâneas de ANT foi menor do que relatado previamente com doses mais elevadas. Neste cenário, a administração de carvedilol resultou em redução significativa da injúria miocárdica avaliada pelos níveis de troponina I e pelo aparecimento da disfunção diastólica. No entanto, essa redução não teve impacto na disfunção sistólica relacionada à cardiotoxicidade (NCT01724450) / Background: Anthracycline (ANT) chemotherapy is associated with cardiotoxicity. Its prevention with beta-blockers remains controversial. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the role of carvedilol in the prevention of early onset ANT cardiotoxicity. Methods: We randomized 200 patients with breast cancer and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) referred for doxorubicin (240 mg/m²) to receive carvedilol or placebo until completion of chemotherapy. The primary end-point was a reduction > 10% in LVEF at six months. Secondary outcomes were the effects of carvedilol on troponin I (TnI), BNP and diastolic dysfunction. Results: Primary end-point occurred in 14 (14.5%) patients in the carvedilol and in 13 (13.5%) in the placebo (p=1.0). No difference in changes of LVEF or BNP was noted between groups. There was a significant difference between groups on the TnI levels over time, with lower TnI levels in carvedilol group (p=0.003). Additionally, a lower incidence of diastolic dysfunction was seen in carvedilol group (p=0.039). A trend towards less pronounced increase in LV end-diastolic diameter during follow up was noted in the carvedilol group, respectively 44.1+3.64 to 45.2+3.2 vs 44.9+3.6 to 46.4+4.0 mm (p=0.057). Conclusion: In this largest clinical trial of ?-blockers for prevention of early onset cardiotoxicity under contemporary doses of ANT, we noted a lower incidence of cardiotoxicity than higher doses. In this scenario, the use of carvedilol resulted in a significant reduction in troponin levels and diastolic dysfunction. However, this reduction had no impact on the incidence of cardiotoxicity-related myocardial systolic dysfunction (NCT01724450)
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