Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 48 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-31).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--La Crosse, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 46-52)

Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 28, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 22, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-137).

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Studies assessing the association between vegetarianism and mental health have found divergent results. Evidence from adolescents in developing countries is scarce. To evaluate the association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in 15-year-old adolescents from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. A cross-sectional, secondary analysis of the Young Lives cohort study was used. The exposure variable was the self-report of being a vegetarian (yes or no). The outcome was the level of emotional symptoms, numerically evaluated using the score obtained in the subscale "Emotional Symptoms" of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We calculated crude and adjusted coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), using generalized linear models of the Gaussian family, considering each sentinel site as a cluster. The analysis was stratified by country. Additionally, we made a global analysis including the four countries. A total of 3484 adolescents were analyzed. The overall prevalence of vegetarianism was 4.4%, but it varied between countries (from 0.4% in Vietnam to 11.5% in India). The average emotional symptoms score was 3.5 [standard deviation (SD) 2.3] points. The scores were not statistically different between vegetarians and non-vegetarians (p > 0.05). In the adjusted analysis, in Vietnam, vegetarians had lower emotional symptoms scores on average than non-vegetarians [β: -1.79; 95% CI: -3.05 to -0.55]. No differences were found neither in the other countries nor in the overall sample. There was no association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in the analyzed adolescents of four developing countries. / Revisión por pares

M.Ed. (Didactic Education, Biology) / The aim of this study is to throw light on the importance of the affective domain in the teaching of Biology. In our present science-technology-society-era the emphasis will first fallon the affective domain to an ever-increasing degree, and second on the cognitive domain. The formative value of Biology as subject will be highlighted, and some of the teaching strategies which can lead to the realisation of the affective, will be investigated. In summary one can state that the insufficient interest and negative inclinations of pupils regarding the subject is the result of an incorrect teaching strategy like the conventional textbook approach to the subject. This contributes par-excellence to the lecture-demonstration instruction method. The child is not addressed by the learning content; he is not intrinsically motivated and will not easily cultivate a love for the subject. Being a teacher means that you must sell your subject, you must strip the child of his 20th century bluntness. The Biology teacher must constantly lead his pupils to a sense of wonder. Green (1971:201) justly states: "To cease to wonder is to cease to be man." A heuristic, problem centred, holistic and environmental approach to the subject, out of necessity causes the affective to be an important component of the teaching and learning situation.

M.A. / Himmehoch (1984, 1987) in discussion of major mood disorders related to epilepsy, describes an affective condition termed subictal mood disorder. Patients with subictal mood disorder are divided into manic-depressive and dysthymic subtypes, the former resembling an atypical, usually rapid-cycling bipolar mood disorder. The latter dysthymic group, are characterised by a baseline dysthymia, severe recurrent depressive episodes, and transient euphorias. In addition, these dysthymic patients are described as being especially prone to impulsive suicide attempts, extreme irritability, rage outbursts and deliberate self-harm. Himmelhoch (1984, 1987) postulates temporolimbic dysfunction with both ictal and subictal (subclinical) changes as the underlying aetiology. Temporolimbic phenomena such as anamnesic, dissociative and perceptive distortions are important aspects of neuropsychiatric phenomenology. Clinical evidence, however, suggests that these occurrences are not routinely sought for or uncovered during the clinical evaluation of patients and their relevance for atypical affective presentations not clearly understood. The aim of this clinical survey was to evaluate the presence and nature of both temporolimbic dysfunction and subictal mood disorder among a subpopulation of private psychiatric patients. Furthermore in order to explicate a possible association between the above, the electroencephalographic records of these patients were examined. Records of 761 patients who attended a private practice over a two-year period were retrospectively reviewed. 546 patients had been questioned in sufficient detail and were deemed reliable in their responses. Of the 546 patients reviewed 128 (23,4%) were found to have experienced significant temporolimbic phenomena. The most common features were dissociative states, deja vu, premonitions, jamais vu and tactile hallucinations. 150 (27,5%) patients met Himmelhoch's criteria for the presence of subictal mood disorder. Of those 150, 100 (66,7%) demonstrated significant temporolimbic phenomena. EEG results, with the exclusion of 16 patients (the appropriate records not being available), highlighted 64 iY (76,2%) ofthe probands as having met the criteria for significant temporolimbic phenomena and subictal mood disorder and demonstrating unequivocal abnormality onEEG. Taking into account the sample bias of this particular private practice, and the obvious flaws of a retrospective, naturalistic survey of this nature, the concept of sub ictal mood disorder is discussed. Case vignettes are used to illustrate the phenomenological presentation ofthese patients and the potential benefits of the addition of anticonvulsants in their management.

The main objective of this thesis was to identify facilitators of strong maternal affective attachment bonds to children. First, a systematized review of the literature was conducted to gather and synthesize all the research over the last 25 years that has identified correlates and predictors of maternal affective attachment. The review found 26 articles relevant to the research question, and main findings from the existing literature were summarized. The main study of the thesis was built upon the findings of the review using data collected through an online survey of Canadian mothers. First, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to cluster mothers into maternal profiles based on their patterns of responses to measures of previously identified correlates and predictors of the maternal affective attachment; symptom distress related to symptoms of depression and anxiety, the dimensions of avoidance and anxiety in mothers’ adult romantic attachment, and mothers’ sense of parental efficacy and satisfaction in the maternal role. Then, a MANOVA was conducted to determine whether profile membership would account for a significant portion of the variance in the maternal affective attachment bond to children. Results indicated that maternal profiles characterized by lower symptom distress, lower romantic attachment avoidance and anxiety, and higher efficacy and satisfaction in the parental role reported higher affective attachment, and perceived more closeness and less conflict in their relationships with their children. The results of this thesis help to inform the scholarship of motherhood by identifying salient maternal experiences associated with positive family outcomes.

Humans spend a large amount of their time interacting with computers of one type or another. However, computers are emotionally blind and indifferent to the affective states of their users. Human-computer interaction which does not consider emotions, ignores a whole channel of available information. Faces contain a large portion of our emotionally expressive behaviour. We use facial expressions to display our emotional states and to manage our interactions. Furthermore, we express and read emotions in faces effortlessly. However, automatic understanding of facial expressions is a very difficult task computationally, especially in the presence of highly variable pose, expression and illumination. My work furthers the field of automatic facial expression tracking by tackling these issues, bringing emotionally aware computing closer to reality. Firstly, I present an in-depth analysis of the Constrained Local Model (CLM) for facial expression and head pose tracking. I propose a number of extensions that make location of facial features more accurate. Secondly, I introduce a 3D Constrained Local Model (CLM-Z) which takes full advantage of depth information available from various range scanners. CLM-Z is robust to changes in illumination and shows better facial tracking performance. Thirdly, I present the Constrained Local Neural Field (CLNF), a novel instance of CLM that deals with the issues of facial tracking in complex scenes. It achieves this through the use of a novel landmark detector and a novel CLM fitting algorithm. CLNF outperforms state-of-the-art models for facial tracking in presence of difficult illumination and varying pose. Lastly, I demonstrate how tracked facial expressions can be used for emotion inference from videos. I also show how the tools developed for facial tracking can be applied to emotion inference in music.