L’objectif principal de cette recherche est de comprendre la place de la vie intra utérine dans le cas de la gémellité compliquée d’un syndrome transfuseur-transfusé (STT). Le second objectif concerne la singularité du deuil périnatal d’un jumeau et son devenir pour les parents et pour le jumeau vivant. Une méthodologie a été construite afin de mettre en perspective le vécu de la grossesse à travers le discours des parents (entretien semi-directif de recherche) et le développement psychique de l’enfant à 6 ans, à travers le bilan psychologique (WISC IV, dessin du bonhomme, dessin de la famille et CAT). Le recueil des données s’est fait à partir de 60 familles. Au sein de cette population, une analyse singulière a été faite à partir du matériel recueilli pour 10 enfants du groupe jumeaux et 10 enfants du groupe singletons. Une analyse transversale a été effectuée pour chacun des groupes et pour la totalité de la population. Mes résultats montrent que l’on retrouve chez l’enfant des traces agissantes d’inscriptions traumatiques pré-psychiques. Au WISC IV, les résultats indiquent que 73% des enfants ont un QI total dans la moyenne. Il existe un état de sidération des processus de pensée et un faible investissement dans les apprentissages. Au CAT, on observe des défenses narcissiques liées à une difficulté de l’élaboration de la position dépressive ainsi qu’une inhibition importante. La confusion et l’indifférenciation des espaces psychiques sont présentes. Dans le dessin de la famille et le CAT, les processus d’identifications se retrouvent d’un jumeau vers l’autre-jumeau, aboutissant à des limites du moi aux contours mal définis. Les identifications aux imagos parentales apparaissent comme secondaires. Cette recherche a montré que la présence du STT contient une potentialité traumatique dans les chaines générationnelles parents/enfants qui s’organise en trois temps. La relation d’objet gémellaire a été décrite comme « le nid prénatal » des relations objectales ultérieures, formées par le trio et le quartet. Ce type de relation inaugure une triadification primaire. Le complexe gémellaire a été décrit selon trois versants : archaïque, oedipianisé et selon l’effet du couple dans la gémellité. Pour les parents qui ont perdu un jumeau durant la grossesse, la perte d’un fœtus jumeau peut devenir un objet de survivance, liée au fonctionnement psychique des parents et au statut du fœtus-jumeau. Chez l’enfant, la place qu’occupe le jumeau décédé pour le vivant est fonction de l’élaboration du deuil des parents. La perte du jumeau peut devenir un objet de survivance, compte tenu de la nature narcissique et pré objectale de la gémellité. Le syndrome du survivant peut se retrouver chez l’enfant. / This thesis explores the phenomenon of twins who develop Twin to twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS), and the subsequent metaphyschological effects on both the perinatal and future development of children. The objective of this research is to understand intrauterine life using the context of afterward. Therefore, this research is focused on the link between parents’ experiences of afterward during their pregnancy, and the physical development of 6 year old twins. The second objective of this research concerns the perinatal death of one twin and how life develops in the future for the parents and for the living twin. The methods used are the psychoanalytic and the test method, in a psychodynamic approach. The tools used are the semi-direct research interview and the psychological evaluation of the child. (WISC IV, the drawing of man, the drawing of family and the projective test of the CAT). The collection of data is conducted with more than 60 families who have 6 year old children. At the heart of the population, a single analysis was made from material received for 10 children from a group of twins and 10 single children. A cross sectional analysis was done for each group and for the total of the population. My results show that we can find traces of registered pre-psychic trauma. From the WISC IV test, the results indicate that 73% of children have an average IQ. There is a state of paralysis in thought processes, and little interest in learning. The CAT showed narcissistic defenses related to difficulty in developing the depressive position, as well as significant inhibition. Confusion and lack of differentiation of psychic spaces are present. In the drawing of the family and in the CAT, the identification of one twin with the other twin can be found, resulting in poorly defined boundaries of self. Identification with parental images appears to be secondary. The presence of TTTS has the potential to cause trauma through the generational chain of parent/ child that is organised in three stages. Twin object relations have been described as “the prenatal nest” of subsequent object relations, formed by the trio and the quartet. This type of relationship introduces a primary triadification. Three aspects of the twin complex have been described: archaic, oedipianized and according to the effect of the couple in the twinning. For those parents who have lost a twin during pregnancy, the loss of a twin foetus can become an object of survival, or an object of trauma, linked to the psychic functioning of the parents and the status of the twin foetus. The place the living twin takes, in place of the dead twin, is dependent on the grieving process of the parents. Based on this, the loss of a twin can become an object of survival, taking into account the narcissistic and pre objectal nature of the twinning. Survival Syndrome can be found in children.

Text in English, with abstracts and keywords in English and Xhosa / The study delves into traumatic memories rooted in the unconscious mind and the modalities of expression of traumatic memories of childhood. Specific reference is made to the trauma studies of Cathy Caruth and Bessel van der Kolk. Using a framework of contemporary trauma theory, I argue that trauma manifests through childhood sexual abuse (CSA) manifests in trauma and that a number of artworks by myself, Penny Siopis and Nathani Lüneberg, reflect such trauma. The research is conducted as practice-led research and focuses on interpretations of selected artworks as well as a theoretical component. The body of large-scale digital paintings plays a significant role in the research process, which implies that theory leads practice and vice versa. The work encompasses the visual exploration of CSA and it is specifically analysed according to my interpretation of symbols such as the naked female body and intimate scenes which illustrate, vulnerabilty, curtains that metaphorically represent a view into my unconscious mind. The symbol of the uterus or the womb, where a foetus or unborn baby develops and grows, is a symbol of nurturing and protection. The artworks are primarily considered according to notions of CSA that cause betrayal and traumatic associations with sex, angst and psychological fragility in children. The exhibition portrays the psychobiological and psyhoanalytical aspects of childhood trauma resulting from CSA. The creative work consists of four digital paintings and seven photographic artworks. The artworks in The Silent Wound Series portray CSA, childhood trauma, and traumatic memories in the unconscious. Dealing with the understanding and representation of childhood trauma such as CSA, these themes are continuously embodied in my artworks. As the portrayal of the fragile girl child’s body as a signifier in the artworks relates to my personal situation, I choose an empathic view of childhood trauma within the study, portraying traumatic events and the memories thereof in the unconscious. The aim of the study is to recognise how digital painting and photography enable the representation and understanding of CSA and traumatic memories and how the silenced and abused child’s voice can be expressed through the affective and transactive quality of art. The main study objective is to investigate if traumatic memories occur in victims of CSA. / Uphononongo lungena nzulu kwiinkumbulo ezoyikisayo ezendele kwingqondo eleleyo kunye neendlela zokubonisa iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu zobuntwana. Ngokukhethekileyo kujoliswe kuphando olwenziwe kwizifundo zomothuko zikaCathy Caruth noBessel van der Kolk. Ndisebenzisa isakhelo sethiyori yanamhlanje, ndivakalisa ukuba umothuko wokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo ebuntwaneni (i-CSA) bubonakala kuloyiko kwaye eminye yemisebenzi yam yobugcisa, uPenny Siopis kunye noNathani Lüneberg, ibonisa uloyiko olunjalo. Uphando lwenziwa njengophando olukhokelwa kukuziqhelanisa kwaye lujolise kutoliko lwemisebenzi yobugcisa ekhethiweyo kunye nenxalenye yethiyori. Uvimba wemizobo emikhulu yedijithali idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophando, oko kuthetha ukuba ithiyori ikhokelela ekusebenzeni kwaye nangokuphendulelekileyo. Umsebenzi uquka uphando olubonakalayo kwe-CSA kwaye ucazululwa ngokukodwa ngokokutolika kwam iisimboli ezinje ngomzimba wabasetyhini ehamba ze kunye nemiboniso esondeleleneyo ebonisa, ukuba sesichengeni, iikhethini ngokukwekwayo ezimele imbono kwingqondo yam eleleyo. Uphawu lwesibeleko okanye isibeleko, apho umbungu okanye usana olungekazalwa lukhula khona kwaye lukhule, siluphawu lokondla nokukhusela. Imisebenzi yobugcisa iqwalaselwa ikakhulu ngokwemibono ye-CSA ebangela ukungcatshwa kunye nomanyano oludakumbisayo ngezesondo, ixhala kunye nobu-ethe-ethe ngokwengqondo ebantwaneni. Umboniso uzoba iimeko zengqondo ephilayo kunye nohlalutyo lwengqondo elimeleyo yobuntwana ebangelwe yi-CSA. Umsebenzi wobugcisa unemizobo emine yedijithali kunye neefoto zobugcisa esixhenxe. Imisebenzi yobugcisa kwi-Silent Wound Series izoba i-CSA, umothuko wobuntwana, kunye neenkumbulo ezibuhlungu ezikwingqondo eleleyo. Ukusebenza nokuqonda nokutolika ukwenzakaliswa kobuntwana okufana ne-CSA, le mixholo ihlala iyinxalenye kwimisebenzi yam yobugcisa.Njengoko ukwenza uzobo lomzimba o-ethe-ethe womntwana oyintombazana njengomboniso kwimisebenzi yobugcisa kunxulumene nemeko yam yobuqu, ndikhetha umbono onovelwano wokwenzakala kobuntwana kolu phononongo, ndibonisa iziganeko ezihlasimlis 'umzimba kunye neenkumbulo zazo ezingqondweni ezileleyo. Injongo yophando kukufuna ukuqonda ukuba imizobo ngedijithali kunye nokufota kukwenza njani ukumelwa kunye nokuqondwa kwe-CSA neenkumbulo ezenzakalisayo nokuba ilizwi elithulisiweyo nempatho-mbi yomntwana linokuvakaliswa njani ngokomgangatho ochaphazelayo notshintshayo wobugcisa. Eyona njongo iphambili yophando kukuphanda ukuba iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu ziyenzeka kumaxhoba e-CSA. / Arts and Music / M.V.A.