This thesis deals with economic, political and social aspects of Brazil. The first chapter characterizes Brazil as one of the developing centres of the world economy with emphasis on its geographical and demographic situation and on the political development from the period of colonization to the new millenium. It offers detailed analysis of the social problem as well. The second chapter is basically oriented to the characteristics of the brazil economy. It focuses especially on the structural reforms effectuated in the nineties and on the "Real Plan". The next part of the chapter deals with the description of che basic economic profile and the financial sphere of the country and offers the evaluation of the economic development in the 2007. At the end the "Growth Acceleration Program" is presented. The last chapter analyses actual situation of the brazil foreign trade and of the investment sphere, the most perspective sectors for investments, but it points out potential risks for the investors as well. In the end this chapter tries to define perspectives of the next development of the brazil economy and it's future role in the world economy.