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This thesis deals with the effect of eighteen-day storage of hatching eggs of broiler chickens on the quality of day-old chicks and their performance parameters. The experiment was performed on 562 Ross 308 hybrid chickens from hatch to day 35 of age. Control group chicks were hatched from eggs set in to incubator after four days of lay, while the test group eggs were stored for 18 days prior to incubation. There was no statistically significant (P˃0,05) difference between the groups in the average day-old chicks weight. However, at days 10, 17, 24, 31, and 35, the average weight of experimental group was statistically significant (P˂0,05) below the weight of the control group. The chickens of the experimental group showed statistically significant (P˂0,05) higher trypsin activity (2703,15 U/ml) compared to the control group chickens (2125,60 U/ml). The difference in the average weight of the pancreas or pancreas in proportion of live weight between the groups was not statistically significant. There was no difference in the mean villus length between the groups studied. However, the mean depth of intestinal crypts was statistically significantly (P˂0.05) higher (106,78 µm) in the control group than in the experimental group (89,64 µm). A statistically significant (P˂0,05) difference was also found in the ratio between villi length and crypt depth, where the ratio was 5,07 in the experimental group, while in the control group it was lower (4,60). Long-term storage of hatching eggs has had a negative impact on the growth of broiler chickens.

Health care in Ecuador varies greatly depending on socioeconomic status, age, sex and place of residence. One third of the population has no regular access to health services and more than two-thirds of the population has no health insurance. Herbal medicine is the synthesis of therapeutic experience of indigenous physicians which has been evolving for hundreds of years and its resources are used to prevent and treat various types of diseases. Plants are popular natural remedy due to their efficacy, safety and minimal side effects. However, certain combinations of herbal medicine and drugs can be dangerous. Sciences, which help to examine the context of the traditional use of plants in the timeframe and also contribute to the discovery of their bioactive compounds, are called ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology. This paper investigates ten plants imported from Ecuador, which are traditionally used for healing various types of diseases such as gastrointestinal disorders, influenza, cold, urinary tract infection, skin diseases in the pelvic cavity etc. Efficiency research of herbal medicine has a great significance for future healthcare because of the expansion of antimicrobial resistance, which is currently becoming a serious health risk for both humans and animals. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of plants, which are in this thesis measured by the broth microdilution method and ORAC method, are important indicators for the analysis of medicinal plants. The only demonstrable positive result of testing the antimicrobial activity was the discovery of minimum inhibitory concentration of Espeletia schultzii against Streptococcus pyogenes (MIC=0.256 mg/mL). The highest antioxidant activity was discovered in the plant Croton elegans Kunth (743,64 +- 28,56 microgram of trolox equal to 1 miligram of the extract), for which no records associated to antioxidant activity were found.

Bibliographical identification: Author's first name and surname: RNDr. Lucie Brulíková (nee Spáčilová) Title: Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of C-5 substituted uracil analogues Type of thesis: Ph.D. thesis Department: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Advisor: prof. RNDr. Antonín Holý, Dr.Sc., Dr.hc. mult. Advisor-consultant: doc. RNDr. Jan Hlaváč, Ph.D. The year of presentation: 2011 Abstract: The presented thesis is focused on the synthesis of various C-5 modified uracil analogues, the study of their reactivity and biological activity, especially cytotoxic activity. In the first part, the brief survey of described results for selected 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues is performed. The second part of the presented thesis deals with the synthesis of novel uracil analogues modified at the C-5 position, the development and optimizing of procedure leading to the desired compounds, the study of biological activity and the evaluation of structure- activity relationship (SAR). This part presents the synthesis of a series of 5-[alkoxy(4- nitrophenyl)methyl)]uracil and 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues and extended SAR studies depending on a substitution of metylene bridge directly attached at the C-5 position as well as alkoxy chain length. The last part of...

In this work, I dealt with the impact of hunting pressure on the activity of red deers (Cervus elaphus) in Doupov mountains. The main goal was to find out, whether intensive killing will change the activity of deers, and also hinds. Evaluated data should be useful for easier reduction of these animals not only in Doupov Mountains. Numbers of deers have been very high in the last few years and it would be necessary to achieve effective reductions, which would reduce the population to a tolerable limit. That should contribute to decreasing animal causes in forests and agriculture crops. Decreasing the numbers of deers should also lead to improving the quality of this spiecies not only in terms of trophies, but also the overall physical condition. It turned out that the activity decreased significantly during hunting. The reduction of activity began basically with the sunrise and ended in the sunset. For most individuals the activity increased in the night hours. In both July and August it turned out that there is a significant difference in activity among both day and sunset as well as day and night, while the lowest amount of activity was in the daytime, and in the sunset it has increased significantly. The highest activity was basically at dusk. From these results we can say that when comparing the two periods, the significant activity is mainly in the evening and night hours.

Since certain species are used in form of dietary supplements in developed world as antidiarrheal agents and because of presence of reports describing antidiarrheal properties of medicinal plants used in traditional African medicine, we can expect, that systematic microbiological and phytochemical research of plant derived products (extracts, essential oils and their constituents) can lead to the discovery of effective antidiarrheal low-cost agents applicable for elimination of diarrhea in certain African regains.

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