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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Perfil sazonal da atividade de antioxidante in vitro de algas da famÃlia Caulerpaceae / Profile activity in vitro antioxidant seasonal algae family Caulerpaceae

Rebeca Larangeira de Lima 28 August 2015 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / As macroalgas sÃo fontes de molÃculas bioativas com propriedades antioxidantes, muitas das quais apresentam variaÃÃes ao longo do ano. Cinco algas verdes do gÃnero Caulerpa (C. cupressoides, C. mexicana, C. prolifera, C. racemosa e C. sertularioides) foram coletadas mensalmente na Praia do Pacheco, de janeiro a dezembro de 2006. ApÃs as coletas, elas foram transportadas para o laboratÃrio, lavadas com Ãgua corrente para retirada de impurezas e epÃfitas e liofilizadas. Os extratos algÃceos foram preparados em metanol (MeOH) na proporÃÃo 1:20 (p:v) sob agitaÃÃo por 1 h a 20ÂC em um agitador orbital, em seguida, filtrados, e os resÃduos submetidos a mais duas extraÃÃes sucessivas. O material das trÃs extraÃÃes metanÃlicas foi reunido e concentrado em um evaporador rotativo. PorÃÃes de 10 mg do extrato concentrado foram suspensas em 10 mL de MeOH (50%). Esse extrato (1 mg/mL) foi utilizado para a determinaÃÃo do conteÃdo fenÃlico total (CFT). A atividade antioxidante in vitro foi medida atravÃs da capacidade de sequestrar o radical DPPH, do poder de reduÃÃo de Ãons fÃrricos (FRAP), do branqueamento do β-caroteno (BCB) e da habilidade de quelaÃÃo de Ãons ferrosos (FIC), nas concentraÃÃes 5, 50, 500 e 1.000 Âg/mL, preparadas a partir do extrato. O quelante de metais EDTA foi utilizado como controle positivo no FIC, e o antioxidante sintÃtico BHA, nas demais determinaÃÃes. Os valores de CFT foram maiores no segundo semestre do ano e variaram de 4 a 32 mg AGE/g extrato. Os resultados do sequestro do radical DPPH, do BCB e do FIC nÃo exibiram padrÃo de variaÃÃo e apresentaram atividades superiores a 25%, 70% e 10%, respectivamente. O FRAP nos extratos de C. cupressoides, C. racemosa e C. serlularioides foi maior no segundo semestre do ano, no de C. mexicana o maior valor ocorreu no primeiro semestre e no de C. prolifera, as variaÃÃes ao longo do ano nÃo obedeceram a um padrÃo como nos demais. Em todas as metodologias as atividades dos extratos algÃceos foram inferiores Ãquelas dos controles positivos. As cinco espÃcies de Caulerpa podem ser consideradas fonte de potenciais antioxidantes, com possÃveis usos, como na indÃstria alimentÃcia, nÃo requisitando de um perÃodo do ano especÃfico para a extraÃÃo desses compostos antioxidantes, jà que embora haja variaÃÃo ao longo do ano, ela nÃo à muito pronunciada. / Macroalgae are sources of bioactive molecules with antioxidant properties, many of which present seasonal variation. Five green algae of the genus Caulerpa (C. cupressoides, C. mexicana, C. prolifera, C. racemosa and C. sertularioides) were collected monthly at Pacheco Beach, from January to December 2006. After collection, they were transported to the laboratory, washed under running water to remove impurities and epiphytes, and freeze-dried. The algae extracts were prepared in methanol (MeOH) in the proportion 1:20 (w:v) under stirring for 1 h at 20ÂC in an orbital shaker followed by filtration, and the residues were submitted to two further successive extractions. The filtrate from the three methanolic extractions was gathered and concentrated in a rotary evaporator. Portions of the concentrated extract (10 mg) were suspended in 10 mL MeOH (50%). This extract (1 mg/mL) was used in the determination of the total phenolic content (TPC). In vitro antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH radical scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), β-carotene bleaching (BCB), and ferrous ion chelating (FIC), at the concentrations 5, 50, 500 and 1000 Âg/mL, prepared from the extract. The metal chelator EDTA was used as a positive control in FIC, while the remaining essays used the synthetic antioxidant BHA. The TPC values were higher in the second semester of the year and varied from 4 to 32 mg GAE/g extract. The DPPH radical scavenging, BCB and FIC results did not exhibit variation patterns and presented activities greater than 25%, 70% and 10%, respectively. FRAP in the extracts of C. cupressoides, C. racemosa and C. sertularioides was higher in the second half of the year, while for C. mexicana the largest value was found in the first half of the year, and for C. prolifera variations during the year did not obey a pattern similar to the others. In all methodologies the activities of the alga extracts were inferior to the positive controls. The five species of Caulerpa can be considered potential sources of antioxidants with possible uses, such as in the food industry, not requiring a specific annual period for the extraction of these antioxidant compounds, as though there is variation across the year, it is not highly pronounced.

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