No description available.

This pre-feasibility study was taken out by the co-operation with Zhejiang University, the CEU lab in Zhejiang University is taking researches of the algae based carbon dioxide capture technology, this report mainly aims to evaluate the GHG mitigation effect of this technology and give suggestions.   This study was carried out at Zhejiang University based on the Zhoushan islands waste incineration power plant project, the report presents the initial feasibility study for the algae based carbon capture and utilization technology focus on the carbon footprint and value summary . First the algae based CCU technology was introduced, then by using the life cycle assessment methodology and based on the description of the whole algae based carbon capture utilization process, each process unit was defined, concerning mass balance analysis was made for each unit, according to the mass balance analysis, carbon flow data was obtained for the whole process. In the discussion part, the carbon dioxide capture and avoid amount was analyzed, also the economic value summary for the material input and output was discussed. Concerning general suggestions for the further development and research about the project were given in five sectors: biotechnology, cultivation and harvesting, biomass utilization, substance and energy input, human resource.   The final conclusion is that the algae based carbon capture and utilization technology is not a carbon negative process, but could produce renewable fuels to avoid certain fossil fuels consumption. Lots of technical limitations exist in the study, it needs more work to applied this technology into reality for China. And the profit analysis based on the value summary for the project is optimistic without the consideration of the initial cost. The algae base CCU technology may become a useful alternative for the carbon abatement in China but not the best choice.

Les mécanismes de détermination génétique du sexe, qui requièrent la présence de régions chromosomiques non recombinantes ou bien de chromosomes sexuels, ont émergé de manière indépendante et répétée au sein de plusieurs lignées d'eucaryotes. La plupart des connaissances acquises dans ce domaine portent sur un nombre limité de groupes d'eucaryotes. La disponibilité d'une espèce modèle pour le groupe des algues brunes, Ectocarpus siliculosus, dont le génome a été séquencé, permet de disposer des outils nécessaires pour étudier ces mécanismes au sein d'une lignée phylogénétiquement éloignée des modèles classiquement étudiés. L'un des premiers défis a été d'identifier les chromosomes sexuels dans le génome d'E. siliculosus et de réaliser l'analyse comparative de ces structures. Par la suite, l'analyse de l'expression des gènes entre individus mâles et femelles à différents stades du cycle de vie a permis d'identifier les gènes différentiellement exprimés, de caractériser leurs fonctions et d'analyser leur évolution moléculaire. Les nombreuses données générées afin de réaliser ces différentes analyses ont permis de proposer une nouvelle version de l'assemblage du génome et de l'annotation structurale et fonctionnelle de l'ensemble des gènes codants et non-codants d'E. siliculosus. Ces différents travaux ont permis d'apporter une importante contribution sur les connaissances dans le domaine de l'analyse fonctionnelle et évolutive du déterminisme sexuel chez les algues brunes ainsi qu'une importante actualisation des ressources génomiques du modèle Ectocarpus. / Genetically determined sex determination mechanisms, which are controlled by non-recombinant chromosome regions or sex chromosomes, have emerged independently and repeatedly across several eukaryotic lineages. Most of the knowledge acquired in this area has been obtained for a limited number of eukaryotic groups. The availability of a model organism for the brown algae, Ectocarpus, whose genome has been sequenced, allows the development of tools to study these mechanisms in a lineage that is phylogenetically distant from classically studied models. One of the first challenges was to identify the sex chromosomes in Ectocarpus and to carry out a comparative analysis of these genomic structures. Analysis of gene expression in males and females at different stages of the life cycle then allowed the identification of differentially expressed genes. The functions and molecular evolution of these sex-biased genes was then studied. The large amount of data generated during the course of these analyses allowed the establishment of a new version of the genome assembly and refined structural and functional annotation of both coding and non-coding genes in Ectocarpus. This work helped made a significant contribution to knowledge in the field of functional and evolutionary analysis of sex determination in brown algae and a significantly updated the genomic resources available for the model organism Ectocarpus.