Purpose: After 911 attack, Bali attack, War between Iraq and USA, and SARS outbreak, there is heavy damage in the traveling business. Under the burning situation, Airline Industry use strategic alliance to expand resource base, to increase competitive edge, to expand long-term profit and to estimate future market. Our study is to evaluate the relationship between strategic alliance type and performance. Material and Methods: The methodology of this reach is to interview with 13 international airlines¡¦ managers and to find out the alliance performance in different strategic alliances types. These strategic relationships include Precompetitive Alliance, Competitive Alliance, Noncompetitive Alliance, and Procompetitive Alliance. The strategic alliance performance is evaluated in four dimensions, which are mostly concerned by these airline managers. They are Profit, Image and Popularity, Passenger Load-Factor, and Customers Satisfaction. Results: The performance in different alliance types shows in the following lists: 1. The best performance in aliening with Travel Agent is ¡§ raise the Passenger Load Factor¡¨ 2. The best performance in aliening with Internet is ¡§ raise the Passenger load factor¡¨ 3. The best performance in aliening with Tourism associations is ¡§ enhance the Image and Popularity¡¨ 4. The best performance to aliening with other airlines (StarAlliance,Oneworld) is ¡§enhance the Image and Popularity¡¨ 5. The best performance for code share flight is ¡§ raise the Passenger Load Factor¡¨ 6. The best performance aliening with hotels and department store are ¡§enhance the Image and Popularity¡¨ 7. The best performance in aliening with Telecom company and Credit Card Company are ¡§enhance the Image and Popularity¡¨ The alliance type in these four performance dimensions shows in the following list. 1. The best alliance for increasing Profit is aliening with Internet and Travel Agent. 2. The best alliance for enhancing Image and Popularity is joining StarAlliance or Oneworld Alliance. 3. The best alliance to raising Passenger Load Factor is aliening with Travel Agency. 4. The best alliance for boosting Customers Satisfaction is joining StarAlliance or Oneworld Alliance. Conclusion: In conclusion of this research study, the most benefit in airline industry under the strategic alliance is the rise of Passenger Load Factor. As for the airlines managers¡¦ most concern ¡§Profit¡¨, alliance with travel agency and Internet stands out the most.

Les alliances pour la sécurité et le communisme comme levier sont deux politiques qui sont l'outil majeur des politiques étrangères des relations franco-pakistanaises pendant la guerre froide pour atteindre leurs objectifs nationaux. États-Unis a été l'acteur principal autour duquel l'ensemble de la formation politique fondée. Les menaces réelles ou supposées pour la France ou le Pakistan les a conduit à adopter la politique étrangère réactif - que ce soit contre les Etats-Unis ou contre l'Inde. Cette perception de la menace, quand on les croise dans une certaine mesure, a été transformé en nationalisme nucléaire dans les deux pays - bien que dans les décennies différentes. Être une grande pouvoir du passé, l’adaptation de ces politiques par la France qui peuvent être attendus par un pays sous-développé comme le Pakistan, conclure deux choses : la position de la France en déclin dans les décisions internationales faisant la hiérarchie et la lutte pour survivre a diminué le statut politique des Etats lors de la formulation des politiques. Le lien qui renforce la relation entre les États est non seulement la communauté d'intérêts, mais aussi l'adoption de politiques mêmes sous certaines contraintes. La chaleur qui se développe entre la France et le Pakistan au cours des années 1960 et plus tard - a prouvé qu'il existe de grande possibilité qui aident les deux États à avancer. Si elles peuvent formuler des même politiques, sans consultation, ils étendre ce peuple de l'approche dans d'autres domaines d'intérêt. / Alliances for security and communism as leverage are two policies which are major tool of Franco-Pakistan foreign policies during the cold war to achieve their national objectives. United States was the principal actor around which the whole set of policy formation based. French and Pakistani real or perceived security threats led them to adopt reactive foreign policies – either against America or against India. This threat perception when crossed a certain extent – turned into nuclear nationalism in both countries – although in different decades. Being a great power of the past, French adaptation of those policies which can be expected from an under developed state like Pakistan- conclude two things: the declining position of France in international decisions making hierarchy and the struggle of survival diminished the political status of states while formulating the policies. The bond which strengthens the relationship between the states is not only the mutuality of interest but also the adoption of same policies under certain constraints. The warmness which develop between France and Pakistan during 1960s and later – has proved that there is great possibility exist which help both states to move forward. If they can formulate same policies without consultation, they would expand this commonalty of approach in other areas of interest.

Under the influence of the demand-transferring in the telecommunication market, the progressive information technology, the regulation-removing, or the liberation and globalization, the global telecommunication industry and its regulation have the important change. Because the telecommunication industry has its own difficulty in the management after the convergence, the logic of regulation creates some different concepts with the change of technology and market. Meanwhile, the government releases deregulation and creates the so-called "re-regulation", which is managed by the force of market actually. The changes of these concepts are more observable after the convergence. The thesis takes the methods---literature review, comparitive study, and deep interview to understand the five main concepts--- convergence, telecommunication, cable TV, regulation, and fair competition to research any correlation within the convergence. Hoping that the digital media convergence of cable TV and telecommunication development can provide Taiwan and foreign governments with the more clear direction, and also provide Taiwan government with the specific suggestions for the related rules-drawing up or amending. The main research questions are as followed: 1. What is the developing situation about the trend of convergence? 2. How do many countries deal with the trend of convergence of the telecommunication and cable TV industry? 3. Do the markets of telecommunication and cable TV in many countries change their original regulation attitudes in the integrate development of the digital technology? Does open the market that will mean the real competition? 4. Do the changes of the telecommunication rules in recent Taiwan follow the trend of convergence? Does the regulation system made by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications and Government Information Office produce the difficulty in convergence? 5. How does Taiwan government in the related policy and industry environment with taking the foreign experiences as a norm? Convergence means that the merger and corporation of telecommunication, medium, and computer with the innovative technology and deregulation, which is producing the blurred boundaries of these industries. After the convergence, the environment of the telecommunication industry has the tremendous change, and the past regulation---form the concept to the practice, has the new explanation and the new way to carry out. Because of the difficulty in regulation, the concept led by the market system keeps being emphasized that "competition" is becoming an important norm. But, "competition" is just a kind of method, its real purpose is to create a reasonable and fair environment. The medium convergence does influence the regulation. Take a look at the related regulation rules in U.K, U.S.A, EU, and World Trade Organization, they can't be exactly explained that they must establish the unitary convergence regulation rules and institutes in order to deal with the collaboration between telecommunication and cable TV. But we find that in the contents of regulation, the service is taken as the basis of regulation. Besides this, we can observe that these countries expect that the telecommunication and cable TV industries should change from the trend of divide to the trend of collaboration. The substitution between telecommunication and cable TV is huge. At the time to become converging, the market between telecommunication and cable TV must be influenced each other. Especially for the original businessmen who has the superior market situation, if Taiwan opens cable TV business for them at present, the market will become more and more disordered. Therefore, the thesis suggests that in addition to giving the related obligation and regulation in the telecommunication rules, the related rules lead into the competition regulation, and takes the unsymmetrical legislation to regulate the market competition, these will be the most helpful way to promote the social welfare. Moreover, the related measures for regulation such as fair continuation, general service, rate subsidy, cross subsidy, and unfair competition, these should be strengthened. Although Taiwan allows that telecommunication and cable TV can operate mutually now, there are three charge institutes of telecommunication affairs: Department of posts & Elecommunications of Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Directorate General of Telecommunications, and Department of Radio and Television Affairs of Government Information Office. The management structure is quite scattered, and it can't avoid being happened the conflict in regulation after all. We must throw the puzzle of the traditional regulation of the divided industry away in order to solve the problem at the very beginning. Therefore, the thesis suggests that the supervision system of telecommunication and medium must establish an independent cross-Bureau committee in order to integrate the management system to supervise it well. It may solve the misgiving of competition regulation in the telecommunication rules, which takes the telecommunication and the film and TV industry regulation from U.S.A as a norm to connect the general law of Anti-Trust and individual industry regulation each other, and check it on through the unitary regulation institute.

Texte remanié de: Diss. Ph. D.--School of theology and religious studies--Washington (D.C.)--Catholic university of America, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. [301]-329. Index.

Doctorat--Théologie--Roma--Pontificia Università Gregoriana, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 423-461.

Texte remanié de: Thesis (Ph. D.)--Old Testament studies--Deerfield (Ill.)--Trinity evangelical divinity school, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. [151]-167. Index.

Texte remanié de: Tesi di dottorato--Teologia biblica--Pontificia università gregoriana, 2007. / Bibliogr. p. 321- 342.

Tesis doctoral--Valencia--Facultate Theologica Sancti Vincentii Ferrer, 2004. / Bibliogr. p. 477-504.

Texte remanié de: Doctoral dissertation--Chicago--University, 2006. / Bibliogr. p. 239-252.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Psychology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.