<p> The Lower Cretaceous (Upper Albian) Viking Formation of central Alberta contains numerous linear sandbodies and fewer large irregularly-shaped sandbodies. Most studies to date have focused on individual sandbodies, leaving their interrelationships largely unknown. Developing a high-resolution allostratigraphy for the Viking of central Alberta allows mapping of regional bounding discontinuities and the definition of distinct allomembers. Placement of the Viking hydrocarbon fields within this framework permits an understanding of the exact stratigraphic relationships of the various fields. </p> <p> Examination of 120 cores and numerous well log correlations suggests the existence of four regionally mappable bounding discontinuities (BDl-4) which separate five distinct allomembers (I-V). Sandbodies within these allomembers were deposited in a variety of sedimentologically distinct environments. These include 'regional Viking' offshore to shoreface sandstones, prograding highstand shoreface sediments, transgressive incised shoreface sediments, and forced regressive, onlapping shoreface 'tongues'. The series of linear trending hydrocarbon fields from Joffre to Chain are also stratigraphically distinct. The sandbodies exist at five separate stratigraphic horizons and therefore are not all part of the same incised shoreface deposits. </p> <p> The four regional bounding discontinuities are interpreted as transgressive surfaces of erosion formed by four separate drops and subsequent rises of relative sea level. These fluctuations were greater than 30m and each complete cycle occurred over roughly 375,000 years. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Three named major cycles of marine transgression and regression (cyclothems) in the lower Cherokee Group are recognized from the Arkoma Basin margin in east-central Oklahoma across the northern Midcontinent shelf, on the basis of distinctive conodont morphotypes. The lowest of these (McCurtain) is characterized by Idiognathodus cf. praeobliquus and absence of I. obliquus and Idiognathoides. The middle cyclothem (Doneley) is the first major cyclothem to yield I. obliquus. The uppermost (Inola) yielded abundant Idiognathodus, Neognathodus and Idioprioniodus, and sparse Gondolella, and is characterized by large numbers of Idiognathodus podolskensis. All three contain large numbers of I. amplificus. At the base of the succession, the genus Idiognathoides in three cores from northeastern Kansas to south-central Iowa confirms the presence of Atokan strata in the Forest City Basin. The McCurtain cyclothem extends from Oklahoma to the Forest City Basin in northeastern Kansas. The Doneley and Inola cyclothems extend from Oklahoma into Iowa. The Inola Limestone of Oklahoma is equivalent to the Hackberry Branch Limestone of western Missouri. The Bluejacket Coal of Oklahoma, at the base of the Inola cyclothem, is likely equivalent to Bluejacket A Coal of Kansas, Weir B or C coals in Missouri, and a middle Laddsdale coal in Iowa. The Rowe Coal of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri, at the base of the Doneley cyclothem, is likely equivalent to the Cliffland Coal of Iowa. Inconsistent marine lithofacies in all three cyclothems suggest a complex depositional history on irregular surfaces.

Dois eventos distintos de rifteamento separados por um gap de 500 Ma foram reconhecidos no Espinhaço Meridional, conduzindo a novas interpretações sobre a evolução tectono-sedimentar da região. Mapeamento em detalhe (na escala 1:3,000) e levantamento e correlação de vinte e seis seções estratigráficas (na escala 1/100) foram realizados em duas áreas menos deformadas. Baseado nos sistemas deposicionais identificados, foi possível determinar os tratos de sistema tectônicos envolvidos na evolução do Sistema de Riftes do Espinhaço, os quais refletem o estágio de evolução de cada bacia. As discordâncias observadas permitiram a proposição de uma nova classificação estratigráfica, a aloestratigrafia, cuja principal vantagem reside no fato de ser essencialmente descritiva. Na Bacia Espinhaço inferior (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), foram identificados: rift initiation systems tract e o early rift climax systems tract, compreendendo respectivamente os sintemas Bandeirinha (limitado por uma desconformidade e por uma discordância angular) e São João da Chapada (limitado por duas discordâncias angulares). O nível D, denominado informalmente, composto por pelitos, foi incorporado ao Sintema São João da Chapada. Na Bacia Espinhaço superior foram identificados: o early rift climax systems tract e o immediate post-rift systems tract, compreendendo os sintemas Sopa-Brumadinho (limitado por uma discordância angular e uma paraconformidade), Galho do Miguel (limitado por duas paraconformidades) e Conselheiro Mata (limitado por uma paraconformidade e por uma discordância angular). / Two distinct rifting events separated by a gap of 500 Ma have been recognized in the southern Espinhaço mountains, implying a new interpretation of the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the region. Detailed mapping (at a scale of 1:3,000), was conducted with even finer detail in twenty-six sections (at a scale of 1:100) in two less-deformed areas and their lateral correlations. Based on the identified depositional systems, it was possible to determine the tectonic system tracts involved in the evolution of the Southern Espinhaço Rift System that reflect the stage of evolution of each basin. The unconformities observed allowed the proposal of a new stratigraphic classification, allostratigraphy, whose main advantage is its essentially descriptive nature. In the lower Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the rift initiation system tract and the early rift climax system tract that comprise the Bandeirinha Synthem (limited by a disconformity and an angular unconformity) and the São João da Chapada Synthem (limited by two angular unconformities) were identified. The informal level D, composed of pelites, was incorporated into the São João da Chapada Synthem. In the upper Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the early rift climax systems tract and the immediate post-rift systems tract that comprise the Sopa-Brumadinho (limited by an angular unconformity and a paraconformity), Galho do Miguel (limited by two paraconformities) and Conselheiro Mata (limited by a paraconformity and an angular unconformity) synthems were identified.

Dois eventos distintos de rifteamento separados por um gap de 500 Ma foram reconhecidos no Espinhaço Meridional, conduzindo a novas interpretações sobre a evolução tectono-sedimentar da região. Mapeamento em detalhe (na escala 1:3,000) e levantamento e correlação de vinte e seis seções estratigráficas (na escala 1/100) foram realizados em duas áreas menos deformadas. Baseado nos sistemas deposicionais identificados, foi possível determinar os tratos de sistema tectônicos envolvidos na evolução do Sistema de Riftes do Espinhaço, os quais refletem o estágio de evolução de cada bacia. As discordâncias observadas permitiram a proposição de uma nova classificação estratigráfica, a aloestratigrafia, cuja principal vantagem reside no fato de ser essencialmente descritiva. Na Bacia Espinhaço inferior (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), foram identificados: rift initiation systems tract e o early rift climax systems tract, compreendendo respectivamente os sintemas Bandeirinha (limitado por uma desconformidade e por uma discordância angular) e São João da Chapada (limitado por duas discordâncias angulares). O nível D, denominado informalmente, composto por pelitos, foi incorporado ao Sintema São João da Chapada. Na Bacia Espinhaço superior foram identificados: o early rift climax systems tract e o immediate post-rift systems tract, compreendendo os sintemas Sopa-Brumadinho (limitado por uma discordância angular e uma paraconformidade), Galho do Miguel (limitado por duas paraconformidades) e Conselheiro Mata (limitado por uma paraconformidade e por uma discordância angular). / Two distinct rifting events separated by a gap of 500 Ma have been recognized in the southern Espinhaço mountains, implying a new interpretation of the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the region. Detailed mapping (at a scale of 1:3,000), was conducted with even finer detail in twenty-six sections (at a scale of 1:100) in two less-deformed areas and their lateral correlations. Based on the identified depositional systems, it was possible to determine the tectonic system tracts involved in the evolution of the Southern Espinhaço Rift System that reflect the stage of evolution of each basin. The unconformities observed allowed the proposal of a new stratigraphic classification, allostratigraphy, whose main advantage is its essentially descriptive nature. In the lower Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the rift initiation system tract and the early rift climax system tract that comprise the Bandeirinha Synthem (limited by a disconformity and an angular unconformity) and the São João da Chapada Synthem (limited by two angular unconformities) were identified. The informal level D, composed of pelites, was incorporated into the São João da Chapada Synthem. In the upper Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the early rift climax systems tract and the immediate post-rift systems tract that comprise the Sopa-Brumadinho (limited by an angular unconformity and a paraconformity), Galho do Miguel (limited by two paraconformities) and Conselheiro Mata (limited by a paraconformity and an angular unconformity) synthems were identified.

Dois eventos distintos de rifteamento separados por um gap de 500 Ma foram reconhecidos no Espinhaço Meridional, conduzindo a novas interpretações sobre a evolução tectono-sedimentar da região. Mapeamento em detalhe (na escala 1:3,000) e levantamento e correlação de vinte e seis seções estratigráficas (na escala 1/100) foram realizados em duas áreas menos deformadas. Baseado nos sistemas deposicionais identificados, foi possível determinar os tratos de sistema tectônicos envolvidos na evolução do Sistema de Riftes do Espinhaço, os quais refletem o estágio de evolução de cada bacia. As discordâncias observadas permitiram a proposição de uma nova classificação estratigráfica, a aloestratigrafia, cuja principal vantagem reside no fato de ser essencialmente descritiva. Na Bacia Espinhaço inferior (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), foram identificados: rift initiation systems tract e o early rift climax systems tract, compreendendo respectivamente os sintemas Bandeirinha (limitado por uma desconformidade e por uma discordância angular) e São João da Chapada (limitado por duas discordâncias angulares). O nível D, denominado informalmente, composto por pelitos, foi incorporado ao Sintema São João da Chapada. Na Bacia Espinhaço superior foram identificados: o early rift climax systems tract e o immediate post-rift systems tract, compreendendo os sintemas Sopa-Brumadinho (limitado por uma discordância angular e uma paraconformidade), Galho do Miguel (limitado por duas paraconformidades) e Conselheiro Mata (limitado por uma paraconformidade e por uma discordância angular). / Two distinct rifting events separated by a gap of 500 Ma have been recognized in the southern Espinhaço mountains, implying a new interpretation of the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the region. Detailed mapping (at a scale of 1:3,000), was conducted with even finer detail in twenty-six sections (at a scale of 1:100) in two less-deformed areas and their lateral correlations. Based on the identified depositional systems, it was possible to determine the tectonic system tracts involved in the evolution of the Southern Espinhaço Rift System that reflect the stage of evolution of each basin. The unconformities observed allowed the proposal of a new stratigraphic classification, allostratigraphy, whose main advantage is its essentially descriptive nature. In the lower Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the rift initiation system tract and the early rift climax system tract that comprise the Bandeirinha Synthem (limited by a disconformity and an angular unconformity) and the São João da Chapada Synthem (limited by two angular unconformities) were identified. The informal level D, composed of pelites, was incorporated into the São João da Chapada Synthem. In the upper Espinhaço Basin (sensu Chemale et al., 2010), the early rift climax systems tract and the immediate post-rift systems tract that comprise the Sopa-Brumadinho (limited by an angular unconformity and a paraconformity), Galho do Miguel (limited by two paraconformities) and Conselheiro Mata (limited by a paraconformity and an angular unconformity) synthems were identified.

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