Thesis (M.H.S.A.)--University of Michigan, 1981.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1973.

Thesis (M.H.S.A.)--University of Michigan, 1977.

Thesis--Lund University, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statval Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Lund University, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statval. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MNursing (Advanced Practice))--University of South Australia, 1996

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Psychology, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-36).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-101).

Class of 2014 Abstract / Specific Aims: The purpose of this study is to compare frequency of pharmacy services available in ambulatory care practice between adult and pediatric populations and to identify factors that affect the availability of such practice settings between the two populations in the United States. Methods: This study was a descriptive survey study that was distributed nationally. Participants were recruited using two electronic listservs registered with the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the Pediatric PRN listserv and Ambulatory Care PRN listserv. A total of 126 participants completed and submitted the electronic questionnaire. This descriptive survey study collected data through an online questionnaire distributed to adult and pediatric ambulatory care pharmacists. Descriptive variables, demographic variables, categorical variables, and ordinal data were analyzed by calculating frequencies, percentages, and averages. Main Results: The majority of participants specialize in diabetes (n = 51, 40.5%), anticoagulation (n=42, 33.3%), hypertension (n=42, 33.3%), hyperlipidemia (n=40, 31.8%), and asthma (n=32, 25.4%). Adult care was greater than pediatric care in diabetes (Adult: n=54, 42.83%; Ped: n=14, 9.53%), anticoagulation (Adult: n=46, 43.66%; Ped: n=6, 4.76%), hypertension (Adult: n=44, 34.94%; Ped: n=8, 6.34%), hyperlipidemia (Adult: n=42, 33.34%; Ped: n=3, 2.39%), and asthma (Adult: n=35, 27.78%; Ped: n=28, 22.23%). Averages of 4.88 hours of hours per week and 5.21 years of experience were obtained for provision of pediatric care in the ambulatory care setting. Conclusion: In conclusion, availability of ambulatory care services for pediatric patients is dramatically less than those available for adults. Generalized structure for location of clinics, billing for services, and funding for positions may increase the opportunity for provision of adult and pediatric ambulatory care services.

This study was an outcome oriented experiment considering the effects of Preadmission Preparation on 110 children between the ages of 5 and 12 years entering B.C.'s Children's Hospital for Day Care Surgery. Preadmission Preparation has been shown to reduce negative reactions to hospitalization on children having inpatient surgery. To date, no one has found Preadmission Preparation to be of benefit to children having Day Care Surgery. The study considered effects of attention only; general Preparation; Hospital Tours; Instructional Approaches (Modeling and Rehearsal-Instruction); and Modes of Preparation (Print and Audio-Visual). Additionally, the interaction of experimental factors of preparation programmes with individual characteristics of the children (age, gender, position in sibling structure, socio-economic status, verbal ability, health locus of control, trait anxiety, previous hospitalizations, chronic conditions, and stressful life events) were examined. Measures used as outcomes were: Hospital Behaviour Questionnaire, Observation Rating Scale, and Children's State Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, et al., 1973). These instruments gave 8 different variables. For the repeated measures aspect of the design, data were collected one week and immediately prior to preparation and immediately prior to and six weeks following surgery. Children who received attention only (the experimental control group) were found to react differently than children who received no attention on only one variable. Although Tours alone were found to reduce negative reactions to day care surgery, Preparation in general (regardless of Approach or Mode) was not found to be effective, and in some cases increased negative reactions. Children receiving Rehearsal-Instruction approach programmes had lower verbal and overall observed anxiety prior to surgery than those receiving Modeling programmes. However, they also had higher dependent anxiety following discharge. The Audio-Visual programme reduced negative behaviours on more dependent variables than the Print programme. Rehearsal-Instruclion/Print and Rehearsal-Instruction/Audio-Visual each reduced different negative reactions. Of the 10 individual characteristics of children considered in this study, 5 did not interact with the Programme variables on more than 2 dependent variables or had insufficient cell sizes and were not interpreted. Girls appeared to both benefit from and be more negatively affected by preparation than boys, whose reactions to day care surgery were less affected by preparation. Preparation programmes were particularly effective in reducing negative reactions in children from lower socio-economic families and tours were particularly effective for children with chronic conditions. Children with more external health locus of control benefited most from Modeling or Rehearsal-Instruction programmes with no Tour. Children with high and low trait anxiety reacted differently to preparation, with different effects observed on different measures and for different programme conditions. It was noted that dependent measures did not react in similar ways, nor consistently throughout the study. Limitations of a clinical study with extensive analyses is discussed. Further investigations of measures used to evaluate reactions to day care surgery is warranted. Clinical discussion and further research of programme facets and individual characteristics of children is recommended. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate