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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Quality control program for a geochemical laboratory, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Canada

2014 September 1900 (has links)
The quality of analytical data produced by geochemical laboratories has become progressively more important as complex decisions concerning the impact of development on the environment Public concern regarding the impact of resource, industrial, and agricultural development is placing greater pressure on the government to protect the environment (Zhou, 2013). The quality of such data is squarely dependent on adherence to quality control programs, which provide guidelines from which high quality, trustworthy data can be generated. A unique quality control program was developed and implemented at the NSERC-IRC Aqueous and Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory. This program: 1) accommodate samples from unique environments; 2) documents and maintains the high level of confidence in the data produced; 3) provides standard quality control protocols; and 4) ensures the continued training of staff. The evaluation of data produced during 2013 revealed the strengths and weaknesses of the laboratory methods through comparison with data quality objectives. The data produced by the laboratory during 2013 was evaluated and quality confirmed. It was determined that the results produced met the high standards required by the data quality objectives, with a few minor exceptions. The quality objectives were based on the end use of the data and consideration regarding the complex nature of the water samples collected from diverse geologic media. There was increased variability of results near the method detection limit of selenium, cadmium, and arsenic, although they still meet to standards required for water quality investigations. Investigations into variabilities will include re-evaluation of detection limits, identification of the source of discrepancy between the methods, and possible matrix interference. Protocols will continue to be monitored and changes to methods made when objectives are not achieved or there are changes in laboratory staff, equipment, or the specific requirements of the studies the laboratory supports.
2

Results analysis of a productivity improvement program in a petroleum refinery laboratory / Análise dos resultados de um programa de melhoria da produtividade em um laboratório de refinaria de petróleo

Pedro Luiz Corrêa Garcia 12 February 2005 (has links)
The continuous search to improve productivity leads organizations to rationalize and manage better their available resources. The benefits are huge and recognized. But, each organizational component must be engaged to reach better productivity levels, helping the whole organization result. And within this context, the present study was developed. It concerns about the results analysis of a productivity improvement program implemented in a physical and chemical analysis lab of a petroleum refinery, located in São Paulo state. Three aspects were analysed: management adjust of lab labor, costs minimization and client service improvement. The methodology of this program was based on PDCA Cycle and also on Productivity Cycle. Five productivity measures were used to follow the program analysis, with two physical indexes, related to labor, and three monetary indexes, related to labor, materials, and service. It was used a production measure as well, the standard time applied in assays, focused in the client service. These indexes were calculated monthly, before and after the productivity program start. Than, the results of these two periods were compared and analyzed. The conclusion was that the introduction of the productivity program reached partially the expected goals, bringing positive results as the better profitability of laboratory labor and the better attendance for laboratory clients. Related to costs, the benefit of interrupting the labor costs increase tendency was obtained, but it is still necessary to continue with this program, in order to pursue better results. / A busca contínua pela melhoria da produtividade remete as organizações a um esforço de racionalização e melhor aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis. Os benefícios são amplos e reconhecidos. Contudo, cada componente organizacional deve estar engajado na obtenção de melhores níveis de produtividade na organização contribuindo para o resultado do todo. É neste contexto que o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido. Este trata da análise dos resultados de um programa de produtividade implantado em um laboratório de análises físico-químicas, integrado a uma refinaria de petróleo, localizada no estado de São Paulo. Três aspectos foram analisados: a adequação do aproveitamento da mão-de-obra do laboratório, a minimização dos custos e o aprimoramento do atendimento aos seus clientes. Para a estruturação do programa utilizou-se como metodologia o Ciclo PDCA combinado ao Ciclo da Produtividade. Visando o acompanhamento e a avaliação do referido programa, foram utilizados cinco indicadores de produtividade, sendo duas medidas físicas, relacionadas a mão-de-obra, e três medidas monetárias, relacionadas a mão-de-obra, materiais e serviços. Também foi utilizado um indicador de produção, o tempo padrão aplicado em ensaios, voltado ao atendimento dos clientes. Estes indicadores foram apurados mensalmente, antes e após o início de implantação do referido programa. Os resultados dos dois períodos foram então comparados e analisados. Concluiu-se que a implantação do programa de produtividade atingiu parcialmente os objetivos propostos, trazendo como resultados positivos o melhor aproveitamento da mão-deobra e a melhoria no atendimento aos clientes do laboratório. Em relação aos custos, obteve-se o benefício da interrupção da tendência de aumento dos custos de mão-deobra, sendo necessária a continuidade do programa para se buscar melhores resultados.
3

[en] SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ANALYTICAL LABORATORY IN A SELF-SUSTAINING SCENARIO / [pt] SIMULAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO DE UM LABORATÓRIO ANALÍTICO EM UM CENÁRIO AUTO-SUSTENTÁVEL

RONALDO PEDRO DA SILVA 21 May 2007 (has links)
[pt] Os laboratórios analíticos de universidades e instituições de pesquisa privadas sem fins lucrativos estão expostos a um ambiente competitivo bem como à descontinuidade e contingenciamento de recursos financeiros oferecidos pelos órgãos de fomento. Objetivando a auto-sustentabilidade operacional, esses laboratórios estão buscando fontes de recursos próprios com a oferta crescente de prestação de serviços especializados a diferentes setores industriais. Contudo, as atividades de prestação de serviço são distintas quando comparadas às atividades de P&D&I, pois as primeiras são caracterizadas pela necessidade imediata ou de curto prazo e as últimas são caracterizadas pelo longo prazo. Neste contexto, torna-se necessário avaliar o trade-off entre ambientes competitivos e cooperativos (serviços e pesquisa) e estabelecer estratégias competitivas sustentáveis, além de práticas e técnicas de gestão que garantam a eficiência operacional sem prejuízo da qualidade e do nível de atendimento do laboratório analisado. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é, portando, analisar o desempenho do LabDRX da PUC-Rio em um cenário auto-sustentável através de um modelo de simulação de eventos discretos. Conclui-se que em tal cenário o desempenho do Laboratório atende a política de atendimento acordada com as categorias de clientes, desde que se faça a implementação conjunta de limitação dos pedidos de urgência na disciplina de fila do sistema e do aumento de capacidade com uma proposta de inovação em processo, o Distance Rietveld. A metodologia apresentada neste trabalho pode ser adaptada para outros laboratórios semelhantes que procurem sustentabilidade operacional através de prestação de serviços tecnológico para indústria. / [en] Private non-profit universities and research institutes have their analytical laboratories exposed to a competitive environment, as well as to discontinuity and limitation of financial resources offered by funding agencies. Aiming to operational self-sustainability, these laboratories are searching complementary resources by increasing the offer of specialized services to different industrial sectors. However, service activities are distinct from R&D&I activities, because the former are characterized by immediate or short-term need and the latter, by long-term need. In this context, it becomes necessary to evaluate the trade-off between competitive and cooperative environments (services and research), and to establish sustainable competitive strategies, as well as management practices and techniques that assure operational efficiency without quality losses or decrease in the service level. The objective of this work is, therefore, to analyze the performance of LabDRX at PUC-Rio in a self-sustainable scenario through discrete-event simulation. It was found that, in the self- sustainable scenario considered, the performance of the Laboratory satisfies the contracting policy agreed with the customer categories, as long as one makes simultaneous implementation of a limited urgent queue discipline and a capacity increase through an innovation proposal: Distance Rietveld. The methodology presented in this work can be adapted for many other similar laboratories searching for operational sustainability by offering technological services to industry.

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