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It has been sixty years since the Anschluss and yet, the question why the Austrian army did not provide some form of resistance is still pondered. This thesis examines the developments of the Austrian Army during the interwar period and focuses on the defence plans compiled by the Austrian Chief of the General Staff, Field Marshall Alfred Jansa. From the moment he assumed his position in the Federal Ministry of Defence, Jansa set out to create an Army capable of defending its borders against Nazi Germany. As long as he was Chief of the General Staff, he promised that any German attack would meet with Austrian military resistance. / This thesis considers an aspect of Austrian History, which English-language scholarship has largely neglected. This thesis provides a critical evaluation of the preparedness of the Austrian Army and the feasibility of resistance in March 1938.

Detailed structural and mineralogical mapping was undertaken in an area of 130 square kilometres within the Pennine Zone of the south-east Tauern Window, the Eastern Alps. A coherent tectono-metamorphic history is established for this area. Three pre-Alpine metamorphic events are recognised. The Alpine history involves two discrete phases of intense penetrative deformation which occurred under conditions of rising temperature, a widespread phase of thermal crystallisation at 35-40 mybp representing the attainment of maximum temperatures, and a minor post-metamorphic phase of deformation. The regional tectonic significance of this sequence is discussed. The spatial variation in Alpine peak metamorphic conditions is examined in terms of the distribution of mineral zones and isograds in metapelites. Staurolite+biotite assemblages were developed at low structural levels, and chloritoid+biotite assemblages along a thin wedge-shaped zone. Barrovian and Stonehavian facies series are both represented. Oxygen isotope studies on whole-rocks and mineral separates suggest that widespread circulation of metamorphic fluids did not occur during Alpine metamorphism. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that metamorphic conditions during the Alpine thermal peak were 570ºC and 7 kb at the basement-cover interface. These results can be reconciled both with models in which tectonic burial alone was sufficient to cause Alpine metamorphism of the Pennine Zone and with models in which a transient high heat flow regime is invoked.

Viennese Expressionism 1909-1913 encompasses parallel evolutions in the disciplines of visual arts and music. Ideas from fin-de-siecle Vienna's intellectual milieu inspired the awakening of the Modern artist, from Ur-schrei to the formation of a new aesthetic theory. In this thesis, I examine the origin of iconic Expressionist aesthetic values and their technical expression in works by Arnold Schoenberg, Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschka, and Wassily Kandinsky. Topics covered are divided into two broad thematic categories whose central tenets originate in preoccupations with, on the one hand, an emerging understanding of the unconscious and psychic pathology; and on the other hand, the metaphysical components to art and the human experience: sickness and spirituality. While it is not possible to compare directly art and musical works, common ideas and principles provide conceptual intersections that unify the disciplines in the realization of a collective artistic vision. / Le mouvement expressionniste viennois (1909-1913) recouvre des courantsparallèles dans les disciplines picturales et musicales. Les idées provenant des milieuxintellectuels du fin-de-siècle viennois ont inspiré le réveil de l'artiste moderne, depuis leUr-schrei jusqu'à la formulation d'une nouvelle théorie esthétique. Ce mémoire examinel'origine des valeurs esthétiques chères au mouvement expressionniste, ainsi que lestechniques utilisées pour exprimer ces valeurs dans les oeuvres d'Arnold Schoenberg,d'Egon Schiele, d'Oskar Kokoschka, et de Wassily Kandinsky. Les thèmes abordés sontdivisés en deux grandes catégories dont les fondements centraux émanent depréoccupations reliées, d'une part, à une compréhension croissante de l'inconscient et dela psychopathologie, et, d'autre part, aux aspects métaphysiques de l'art et de l'existencehumaine: la maladie et la spiritualité. Bien qu'il ne soit pas possible de comparerdirectement des oeuvres picturales et musicales, l'existence de principes et de thèmescommuns entraîne une confluence conceptuelle qui unifie ces disciplines dans laréalisation d'une vision artistique collective.

Inaug.-Diss.--Leipzig. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis": p. 131-138.

Revised Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Salzburg, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [253]-269).

Revised Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Salzburg, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [253]-269).

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 203-209.