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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares na produ??o de mudas de Albizia polycephala / Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the production of seedlings of Albizia polycephala

SANTOS, Renata Soares dos 19 February 2016 (has links)
CAPES / Currently there is a need to produce seedlings at low cost and with high quality to be used in the recovery of degraded areas and the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve their development in low fertility soils. AMF have several benefits for the plants, because they promote increased survival and establishment of seedlings in the field, as with the symbiosis hyphae improve water use and nutrients. And before this, the present study aimed to evaluate the growth of seedlings Albizia polycephala inoculated with different AMF. First they were produced inoculants through traps vessels with species of native AMF obtained from samplings in the rhizosphere of matrices Albizia polycephala. Later two experiments were conducted, the first being tested five species of AMF from the Collection arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Embrapa Agrobiology (COFMEA), mounted in a completely randomized block design with six treatments (control - without inoculation, Scutellospora calospora (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) C. Walker & F.E. Sanders, Acaulospora colombiana (Spain & N.C. Schenck) Kaonongbua, J.B. Morton & Bever, Claroideoglomus etunicatum (W.N. Becker & Gerd.) C. Walker & A. Sch??ler, Dentiscutata heterogama (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) Sieverd., F.A. Souza & Oehl e Gigaspora margarita W.N. Becker & I.R. Hall) and nine repetitions. In the second experiment inoculants native AMF were tested (native inoculant) and the best species of AMF in the first experiment (Embrapa inoculant). The experimental design was randomized blocks with eight repetitions, in a factorial 3 x 4, that is, three treatments (a witness - no inoculation and two inoculants - native inoculum and mixture of three species from COFMEA) and four doses of P (0, 35, 140 and 350 mg/dm?), applied in the form of superphosphate. The seed Albizia polycephala germinated in trays with sand and vermiculite (2: 1with based on volume) and when the seedlings had a pair of leaves were transplanted with the inoculant in plastic containers of 700 ml with PVC cartridge 380 cm? coupled your background. During the experiments were conducted biweekly measurements of height and diameter and after collection, the root colonization rate assessments, spore density, dry matter of shoot, root dry matter, reason root /shoot and leaf phosphorus content . The results obtained through the evaluations showed that the species of Acaulospora colombiana was the most effective in promoting the growth of Albizia polycephala. Furthermore, the inoculant of COFMEA provided better growth in different phosphorus levels than native inoculant. Thus, it can be stated that the tested species has association with AMF efficiently and has high dependence mycorrhizal. / Atualmente existe a necessidade de se produzir mudas a baixo custo e com ?tima qualidade para serem utilizadas na recupera??o de ?reas degradadas e a utiliza??o dos fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares (FMAs) pode melhorar o seu desenvolvimento em solos de baixa fertilidade. Os FMAs apresentam v?rios benef?cios para as plantas, pois promovem uma maior sobreviv?ncia e estabelecimento das mudas no campo, j? que com a simbiose as hifas melhoram o aproveitamento de ?gua e nutrientes. E diante disso o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral avaliar o crescimento de mudas de Albizia polycephala inoculadas com diferentes FMAs. Primeiramente foram produzidos inoculantes atrav?s de vasos armadilhas com esp?cies de FMAs nativos, obtidos a partir de coletas de solo na rizosfera de matrizes de Albizia polycephala. Posteriormente foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo no primeiro testadas cinco esp?cies de FMAs provenientes da Cole??o de fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares da Embrapa Agrobiologia (COFMEA), em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com seis tratamentos (Testemunha ? sem inocula??o, Scutellospora calospora (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) C. Walker & F.E. Sanders, Acaulospora colombiana (Spain & N.C. Schenck) Kaonongbua, J.B. Morton & Bever, Claroideoglomus etunicatum (W.N. Becker & Gerd.) C. Walker & A. Sch??ler, Dentiscutata heterogama (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) Sieverd., F.A. Souza & Oehl e Gigaspora margarita W.N. Becker & I.R. Hall) e nove repeti??es. No segundo experimento foram testados os inoculantes de FMAs nativos (inoculante nativo) e as melhores esp?cies de FMAs do primeiro experimento (inoculante Embrapa). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com oito repeti??es, em fatorial 3 x 4, ou seja, tr?s tratamentos (uma testemunha ? sem inocula??o e dois inoculantes ? in?culo nativo e mistura de tr?s esp?cies provenientes da COFMEA) e quatro doses de P (0, 35, 140 e 350 mg/dm?), aplicado na forma de superfosfato simples. As sementes de Albizia polycephala germinaram em bandejas contendo areia e vermiculita (2:1com base em volume) e quando as pl?ntulas tinham um par de folhas foram transplantadas junto com o inoculante em recipientes pl?sticos de 700 ml com tubete de PVC de 380 cm? acoplado em seu fundo. Durante os experimentos foram realizadas medi??es quinzenais de altura e di?metro e ap?s a coleta, as avalia??es de taxa de coloniza??o da raiz, densidade de esporos, mat?ria seca da parte a?rea, mat?ria seca da raiz, raz?o raiz/parte a?rea e teor de f?sforo foliar. Os resultados obtidos atrav?s das avalia??es mostraram que a esp?cie de Acaulospora colombiana foi a mais eficiente em promover o crescimento de Albizia polycephala. Al?m disso, o inoculante da COFMEA proporcionou melhores crescimentos em diferentes doses de f?sforo do que o inoculante nativo. Desta forma, pode-se afirmar que a esp?cie testada apresenta associa??o com FMAs de forma eficiente e tem alta depend?ncia micorr?zica.

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