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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Hydrodynamics of an Anguilliform Swimming Motion using Morison’s Equation

Devarakonda, Naga Sasi 06 August 2018 (has links)
In this study, the hydrodynamic performance of anguilliform swimming motion is computed using Morison’s equation. This method was shown to predict the servo motor torques well. The anguilliform swimming motion is sinusoidal with increasing amplitude from head to tail. A “wakeless” swimming motion proposed by Vorus and Taravella (2011) with zero net circulation is considered. This method is compared to the existing slender body theory and is validated with reference to the experimental results of NEELBOT-1.1 (Potts, 2015). The results for the study indicates that self-propulsion speed of the motion is independent of the oscillating tail amplitude at a constant advance ratio. At a constant wave speed, the self-propulsion speed attains a local maximum at an advance ratio of 0.5. Where the nominal length is equal to half the wavelength.
2

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of an Ideal Anguilliform Swimming Motion

Rogers, Charles 18 December 2014 (has links)
There is an ongoing interest in analyzing the flow characteristics of swimming fish. Biology has resulted in some very efficient motions and formulating these motions is of interest to engineers. One such theory was written by Dr. William Vorus and Dr. Brandon Taravella involving ideal efficiency. It is therefore interesting to test the calculations to see if it is possible to design a motion that can create thrust without necessarily creating vorticity. The computational fluid dynamics software of ANSYS Fluent was used to calculate the resulting flow field of the eel motion to compare with the theoretical values.
3

Etude expérimentale de la nage anguilliforme : application à un robot biomimétique / Experimental study of anguilliform swimming : application to a biomimetic robot

Matar, Younes 21 March 2013 (has links)
Pour améliorer les performances des robots sous marins, l’une des approches poursuivie par les roboticiens, appelée biomimétisme, consiste à imiter ou à s’inspirer des systèmes vivants pour concevoir des robots de nouvelle génération. C’est dans ce contexte que s’est récemment déroulé un projet européen nommé ANGELS, dont l’objectif est la réalisation d’un robot bio-inspiré de l’anguille. Ce travail expérimental s’inscrit dans ce projet et est consacré à l’étude de la nage du robot. Les expériences ont été réalisées dans un canal hydraulique conçu pour cette étude. Dans un premier temps, nous avons caractérisé par traitement d’images les allures (i.e. les lois de déformation du corps) adoptées par une anguille nageant soit dans un écoulement uniforme frontal ou dans un courant traversier. Cette étude a donné lieu à l’établissement d’un modèle mathématique corrélatif de la déformation du corps de l’anguille dans ces conditions de nage. Dans un second temps, afin d’étudier les effets de la déformation du corps sur l’écoulement latéral, produit lors de la nage, des expériences par PIV ont été réalisées sur différents modèles de cylindres elliptiques rigides. Ces résultats nous ont permis de mieux comprendre et de valider une approche théorique permettant de calculer la force de propulsion en réponse à la loi de déformation du corps. Enfin, des expériences portant sur la nage anguilliforme dans un écoulement de type allée de von-Kàrmàn ont été réalisées en vue d’étudier les interactions hydrodynamiques et en particulier les mécanismes d’extraction de l’énergie de l’écoulement incident. Ces expériences ont été réalisées avec une anguille et un robot anguilliforme. Les expériences menées sur le robot montrent que pour une même loi de déformation du corps, la force de propulsion générée, en comparaison avec le cas de l’écoulement uniforme, peut sous certaines conditions être augmentée de près de 30 ont, quant à elles, permis de mettre clairement en évidence une modification de l’allure de nage de l’anguille lorsqu’elle est placée dans une allée de von-Kàrmàn. L’analyse qualitative de cette nouvelle allure nous a conduit à proposer un mode particulier d’extraction d’énergie de l’écoulement. / In order to improve the performance of the submarine robots, the robotics community has been considered a new approach known as the biomimetic. It consist on the study of a living systems such, fish, to design and construct a bio-inspired robot. In this context, recently was took place an European project called ANGELS, in which the objective is to design and construct a fish-like robot inspired from the swimming of the eel. This thesis takes place in this project and is dedicate to the study of the swimming of the robot. Experiments were carried out in a hydrodynamic test bed designed and entirely set up for this study. At first,the kinematic shapes (i.e. deformation of the body) adopted by living eel during its swimming against or slantwise a uniform flow, were characterized by mean ofan image processing analysis technique. This study has allowed the establishing of a mathematical correlative model, describing the deformation of the eel’s body in these swimming conditions. Secondly, we studied the effects of the body’s deformation on the lateral flow produced during swimming. PIV experiences were carried out on different elliptic cylinder shapes. These experiments have allowed the understanding and the validation of a theoretical approach, concerning the swimming dynamic of the fish, used to obtain the propulsion force produced in reply of the body deformation during swimming. Finally, experiments were carried out during the anguilliform swimming in a non-uniform flow such as, avon-Kàrmàn vortex street. The goal was to study the hydrodynamics interactions and in particular the mechanisms of the exploited vortices adopted by fish. These experiences were realized on the swimming of a living eel and an anguilliform robot. Experiments led on the robot show that under certain conditions, the propulsive force of the robot swimming in a von-Kàrmàn vortex street can be increased of about 30 comparison to its swimming in a uniform flow. Experiments with eel have allowed the highlighting of a particular shape of its body deformation formed when it’s swimming in a reverse von-Kàrmàn vortex street. The qualitative analysis realized on this kinematic observation led us to propose a mechanism adopted by the eel to exploited energy from altered flow.
4

Place des poissons anguilliformes dans le fonctionnement des écosystèmes récifo- lagonaires de la Nouvelle-Calédonie : rôle trophique et impacts des contaminations / Anguilliform fish in coral reef ecosystems of New Caledonia : trophic webs and contaminations

Briand, Marine 30 April 2014 (has links)
Les récifs coralliens de Nouvelle-Calédonie constituent un « hot-spot » de biodiversité marine et sont classés au patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco depuis 2008. Ces récifs sont dans un bon état général, mais ils sont soumis à des pressions anthropiques de plus en plus intenses, engendrées par un développement industriel (mines de nickel) et urbain croissant.Mieux comprendre le fonctionnement des écosystèmes lagonaires calédoniens est donc devenu un enjeu majeur. Ce travail s’inscrit dans cette démarche, avec pour objectifs principaux : (1) de reconstruire l’architecture des réseaux trophiques de ces écosystèmes (méthode des isotopes stables), (2) de déterminer leurs niveaux de contamination en éléments traces métalliques et en polluants organiques, et (3) de décrire l’intégration et le cheminement de certains de ces contaminants en leur sein. L’étude des écosystèmes récifo-lagonaires et de leurs réseaux trophiques a été réalisée au travers du prisme de prédateurs méconnus de hauts rangs trophiques : les poissons anguilliformes (murènes, congres et poissons-serpents). Pour ce faire, différentes sources de matière organique (MO) et divers consommateurs, parmi lesquels les poissons anguilliformes, ont été prélevés dans plusieurs sites répartis sur un gradient côte-large et provenant de deux zones du lagon sud.Quatre réseaux trophiques ont été identifiés au cours de ce travail. La voie benthique basée sur la MO du turf algal est la voie trophique majeure, commune à tous les poissons anguilliformes. L’utilisation complémentaire de la voie benthique sédimentaire et de la voie « pélagique lagonaire », est également mise en évidence avec une importance variable selon les espèces. En revanche, la MO provenant des phanérogames marines n’est intégrée qu’indirectement, par le biais de la voie détritique. Les différentes espèces d’anguilliformes appartiennent donc à des réseaux trophiques en partie divergents selon leur habitat (substrat dur ou meuble) et leur régime alimentaire (micro-, macrocarnivore ou piscivore). Ces prédateurs de hauts niveaux trophiques, consommant principalement des crustacés et des poissons mais également occasionnellement des annélides polychètes et des céphalopodes, se révèlent pour la plupart opportunistes. Une compétition entre certaines espèces est soulignée par le recouvrement de leurs niches trophiques. Les sources de MO et les consommateurs récifaux du lagon calédonien accumulent des concentrations modérées à fortes en éléments traces d’origine agricole, urbaine et minière. La bioaccumulation dépend des propriétés physico-chimiques du contaminant lui-même et des caractéristiques propres à l’organisme (taille, habitat, régime alimentaire, etc.). Ainsi, les contaminants sont répartis différemment entre les compartiments, et seuls Hg et As sont bioamplifiés le long des réseaux trophiques. Une contamination du lagon par les polluants organiques est également soulignée. Bien que les concentrations mesurées chez les poissons anguilliformes restent relativement faibles, l’étendue spatiale de cette contamination, ainsi que la détection de pesticides très toxiques dont l’utilisation est interdite (DDT), attestent de la nécessité à considérer cette pollution avec attention. Toutes ces considérations renforcent l’importance de mener un suivi à long terme des contaminations d’origines diverses en relation avec le fonctionnement trophique des systèmes récifo-lagonaires. / New Caledonian coral reefs constitute a « hot spot » of marine biodiversity and were registered World Heritage by UNESCO in 2008. These reefs are in good health, but they are subject to intense anthropic threats, induced by the increase of industrial (nickel mining) and urban development. A better understanding of the functioning of the Caledonian coral reefs has become a major issue. This work is part of this approach, with as main goals to: (1) reconstruct the architecture of food webs of these ecosystems (stable isotope method), (2) determine their contamination levels in metallic and organic contaminants and (3) describe integration and pathways of some of these contaminants through the food webs. The description of ecosystems and their food webs was carried out by the study of unknown predators: the anguilliform fish (moray, conger and snake eels). Different sources of organic matter (OM) and consumers, including anguilliform fish, were sampled in several sites distributed over a coast to barrier reef gradient within two areas of the south lagoon. Four food webs were identified. The benthic pathway based on the algal turf OM is the main food web, common to all anguilliform fish. The complementary use of benthic sedimentary (SOM) and “lagoon pelagic” (POM) food webs, is also highlighted with variable importance according to species. In addition, OM from seagrasses is included indirectly by the detrital pathway. The numerous anguilliform fish species belong to diverse food webs in part, depending on their habitat (hard and/or soft bottom) and their diet (micro/macro carnivores or piscivores). These predators of high trophic level, consuming mainly crustaceans and fish but also more occasionally annelids and cephalopods, are mostly opportunistic. A competition between some species is underlined by the overlap of their trophic niches. Sources of OM and consumers of the Caledonian coral reefs accumulate moderate to strong concentrations of trace elements issued from agricultural, urban and mining origins. Bioaccumulation depends on both physical and chemical properties of the contaminant and the organism’s own characteristics (size, habitat, diet, etc.). So, contaminants are distributed differently between compartments and only Hg and As are biomagnified along food webs. Contamination of the lagoon by organic pollutants is also pointed out. Even if concentrations measured in anguilliform fish are rather low, widespread contamination, plus the detection of toxic and forbidden pesticides (DDT), confirm the necessity to include this pollution in further studies. All these considerations reinforce the importance of setting up a long-term tracking system of contamination from diverse origins, linked with the trophic functioning of food webs.
5

Developing and Testing an Anguilliform Robot Swimming with Theoretically High Hydrodynamic Efficiency

Potts, John B, III 18 December 2015 (has links)
An anguilliform swimming robot replicating an idealized motion is a complex marine vehicle necessitating both a theoretical and experimental analysis to completely understand its propulsion characteristics. The ideal anguilliform motion within is theorized to produce ``wakeless'' swimming (Vorus, 2011), a reactive swimming technique that produces thrust by accelerations of the added mass in the vicinity of the body. The net circulation for the unsteady motion is theorized to be eliminated. The robot was designed to replicate the desired, theoretical motion by applying control theory methods. Independent joint control was used due to hardware limitations. The fluid velocity vectors in the propulsive wake downstream of the tethered, swimming robot were measured using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Simultaneously, a load cell measured the thrust (or drag) forces of the robot via a hydrodynamic tether. The measured field velocities and thrust forces were compared to the theoretical predictions for each. The desired, ideal motion was not replicated consistently during PIV testing, producing off-design scenarios. The thrust-computing method for the ideal motion was applied to the actual, recorded motion and compared to the load cell results. The theoretical field velocities were computed differently by accounting for shed vortices due to a different shape than ideal. The theoretical thrust shows trends similar to the measured thrust over time. Similarly promising comparisons are found between the theoretical and measured flow-field velocities with respect to qualitative trends and velocity magnitudes. The initial thrust coefficient prediction was deemed insufficient, and a new one was determined from an iterative process. The off-design cases shed flow structures into the downstream wake of the robot. The first is a residual disturbance of the shed boundary layer, which is to be expected for the ideal case, and dissipates within one motion cycle. The second are larger-order vortices that are being shed at two distinct times during a half-cycle. These qualitative and quantitative comparisons were used to confirm the possibility of the original hypothesis of ``wakeless'' swimming. While the ideal motion could not be tested consistently, the results of the off-design cases agree significantly with the adjusted theoretical computations. This shows that the boundary conditions derived from slender-body constraints and the assumptions of ideal flow theory are sufficient enough to predict the propulsion characteristics of an anguilliform robot undergoing this specific motion.

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