Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-10-05T21:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final - ADRIANO.pdf: 2461586 bytes, checksum: 48e769e7d6c00fd91d7097d08526ba89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-05T21:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final - ADRIANO.pdf: 2461586 bytes, checksum: 48e769e7d6c00fd91d7097d08526ba89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Over the past few years, lentic environments have been suffering from the degradation of the quality and quantity of their waters, due to intense anthropogenic activity. However, studies from the analyses of heavy metals in water, sediments and aquatic macrophytes constitute one of the fundamental steps for lentic environment management and monitoring, since they represent major natural resources for various activities in the economy, health, landscaping, and even in the cycling of nutrients. As a part of this ecosystem, the aquatic macrophytes can, due to their great production of biomass, be reused in agriculture as organic fertilizers by means of composting. Organic fertilizers exert great physical, chemical, and biological benefits to the soil and vegetation. However, the heavy metals that come from fertilized chemicals, when used indiscriminately, can accumulate in excess in the tissue of aquatic macrophytes. This can make their use as organic fertilizers inviable, because they can be translocated to the edible parts of the vegetation, such as the bean grains, causing serious health risks to humans and animals. In this sense, this work had as an aim: quantify the level of heavy metals in the compartments (water, sediments, Salvinia auriculata, and Cabomba caroliniana) from the Marimbus wetlands; characterize the organic fertilizers stemming from aquatic macophytes and determine the presence of the heavy metals Pb and Cd in the bean grains according to the relevant legislation for each material. Samples were collected from water, sediments, S. auriculata and C. caroliniana. The process of aerobic composting with macrophytes was done in which the levels of pH, temperature, nutrients and humidity were analyzed. The planting of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was effectively implemented with organic fertilizers coming from the macrophytes. Subsequently, in each step, heavy metals were analyzed in samples of water, sediments, Salvinia auriculata, Cabomba caroliniana, organic fertilizers and bean grains through the air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. In relation to water and sediments, the results obtained showed that the levels of heavy metals are within the limits established by the current legislation. The raw materials used as substrates in the composting showed satisfactory physical and chemical parameters as organic components to be applied in agricultural activities. As to the presence of heavy metals in bean grains, a Ph was detected with inadequate levels for human consumption. Thus, it was concluded that the macrophytes are of vital importance to guarantee the various uses of water in the hydric sources as well as viable for the production of organic fertilizers, but they should be used in agriculture with restrictions. / Ao longo dos ?ltimos anos, os ambientes l?nticos v?m sofrendo com a degrada??o da qualidade e quantidade de suas ?guas, devido ? intensa atividade antr?pica. Os estudos das an?lises de metais pesados em ?gua, sedimento e macr?fitas aqu?ticas constituem um dos passos fundamentais para o gerenciamento e monitoramento dos ambientes l?nticos, visto que eles representam grandes riquezas naturais para diversas atividades na economia, na sa?de, no paisagismo e at? mesmo na ciclagem de nutrientes. Como parte deste ecossistema encontram-se as macr?fitas aqu?ticas que devido a sua grande produ??o de biomassa, podem ser reutilizadas na agricultura como composto org?nico por meio da compostagem. Os compostos org?nicos exercem grandes benef?cios f?sicos, qu?micos e biol?gicos ao solo e aos vegetais. Contudo, os metais pesados provenientes dos fertilizantes qu?micos, quando usados indiscriminadamente, podem ser acumulados em excesso nos tecidos de macr?fitas aqu?ticas. Isso pode inviabilizar seu uso como composto org?nico, pois podem ser translocados para as partes comest?veis dos vegetais como frutos e sementes causando s?rios riscos a sa?de do homem e dos animais. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar o teor de metais pesados dos compartimentos (?gua, sedimento, Salvinia auriculata e Cabomba caroliniana) do Pantanal dos Marimbus, caracterizar os compostos org?nicos provenientes das macr?fitas e determinar a presen?a dos metais pesados Pb e Cd nos gr?os de feij?o em fun??o das legisla??es pertinentes para cada material. Foram coletadas as amostras de ?gua, sedimento, S. auriculata e C. caroliniana. Realizou-se o processo de compostagem aer?bia com as macr?fitas no qual foram analisados os teores de pH, temperatura, nutrientes e umidade. Realizou-se o plantio de feij?o comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) com compostos org?nicos proveniente das macr?fitas. Posteriormente a cada etapa, foram analisados os metais pesados nas amostras de ?gua, sedimento, Salvinia auriculata, Cabomba caroliniana, compostos org?nicos e gr?os de feij?o pelo m?todo de Espectrofotometria de absor??o at?mica de chama ar-acetileno. Em rela??o ? ?gua e sedimento, os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os teores de metais pesados est?o dentro dos limites pela legisla??o vigente. As mat?rias primas utilizadas como substratos na compostagem apresentaram par?metros f?sicos e qu?micos satisfat?rio como compostos org?nicos para serem aplicados nas atividades agr?colas. J? com rela??o ? presen?a de metais pesados nos gr?os de feij?o, foi detectado Pb com limites inadequados para consumo humano. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que as macr?fitas s?o de vital import?ncia para garantir os diversos usos da ?gua no manancial h?drico e vi?veis para produ??o de compostos org?nicos, por?m podem ser utilizados na agricultura com restri??es.