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Aprendendo a ser e a conviver: práticas colaborativas e dialógicas no contexto escolar / Learning to be and learnig to live together: collaborative and dialogic practices in the scholar contextoPaschoal, Valéria Nicolau 22 November 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-11-22 / This study is characterized as a research-action, resulting from the claim of a
school interested in providing the possibilities of perception wideness and a
characterization that the teachers have from their students, which many times they
are marked by negative and depreciative denotations. It was developed through
collaborative and dialogic practices, which were brought to create a space that
would enable the improvement of relationships in the scholar environment.
According to UNESCO (2016), education must be integrated and humanist
through the development of competencies to reach the living in society, becoming
a viable way to enable people to respond to the transformations and challenges of
present times. The four pillars of education for the 21st century – learn to know,
learn to make, learn to be and to live together – they need to be incorporated in
the implementation of the educational programs of the schools. The search for a
construction of a conversational context organized for the promotion of new types
and qualities of connections between teachers-students and students-students
evidencing two pillars that represent the social function of a school: which are
learning to be and learning to live together, started from the four pillars concept
and was based on the social constructionism ideas and on the narrative and
collaborative practices. Since this is a research-action, the research made use of
procedures which were adapted to each of its four phases including: a free
meetings and an interview with the curator; meetings with the teachers; meetings
with the parents or with those responsible for the student; workshops of selfknowledge
and reflective processes with students and teachers; feedbacks from
all participants; and assessment meetings with teachers. The parts who took part
of this research are: the curator, six teachers from the 1st to the 5th teaching
course, one teacher assistant, ten children (from the age of seven to ten), their
parents/or those responsible for them and the school group. The intervention
made didn’t intend to find out a new problem and to resolve it, but it did have the
proposition of building together with the participants new ways to be and to live
together, re-affirming the social function of the school and its commitments with
the transformation of the current reality. The narratives generated from this
experience, were analyzed according to the social poetics and they were
organized, being considered as arresting moments, around four categories: the
effects of the collaborative and dialogic practices in the scholar context;
considerations about the function of the school and their teachers in the 21st
century; the collaborative posture in the implementation of such practices; and the
development of the research through the planning of new actions. The application
of this model to the scholar context was proved to be viable and useful for the
construction of a more agreeable environment encouraging people to be together,
mainly for the fact that it talks about values and because it triggers thoughts and
attitudes to be reviewed, giving visibility to aspects of the participants’ life that
weren’t noticed by them before the application of this experience / Este trabalho caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa-ação, resultante da demanda de
uma escola interessada em fornecer possibilidades de ampliação da percepção e
descrição que professores têm de seus alunos, muitas vezes marcada por
denotações negativas e depreciativas. Desenvolveu-se por meio de práticas
colaborativas e dialógicas, desenhadas para criar um espaço que facilitasse a
melhoria das relações no ambiente escolar. Segundo a UNESCO (2016), a
educação deve ser integrada e humanista pelo desenvolvimento de competências
para o viver em sociedade, tornando-se um caminho viável para a formação de
pessoas capazes de responderem às transformações e desafios da atualidade.
Os quatro pilares da educação para o século XXI – aprender a conhecer, a fazer,
a viver juntos e a ser – precisam ser incorporados na implementação dos
programas das escolas. A partir desta proposta e baseada nas ideias
construcionistas sociais e nas práticas colaborativas e narrativas, buscou-se a
construção de um contexto conversacional organizado para a promoção de novos
tipos e qualidades de conexões entre professores-alunos e alunos-alunos,
evidenciando dois pilares: aprender a viver juntos e aprender a ser. Tratando-se
de uma pesquisa-ação, utilizou-se de procedimentos adequados a cada uma das
quatro fases que a compõem, incluindo: reunião livre e entrevista com a
mantenedora; encontros com professores; reunião com pais e/ou responsáveis;
oficinas de autoconhecimento e processos reflexivos com alunos e professores;
feedbacks de todos os participantes; e encontros avaliativos com professores.
Participaram da pesquisa: a mantenedora, seis professoras do Ensino
Fundamental I (1o
ao 5o
ano), uma auxiliar de sala, dez crianças (de sete a dez
anos de idade), seus pais e/ou responsáveis, e a equipe escolar. A intervenção
realizada não teve o propósito de descobrir um problema e solucioná-lo, mas de
construir juntamente com os participantes, novas possibilidades de ser e de
conviver, reafirmando a função social da escola e seu compromisso com a
transformação da realidade. As narrativas geradas a partir desta experiência,
foram analisadas de acordo com a poética social e organizadas em momentos
marcantes em torno de quatro categorias: efeitos da prática colaborativa e
dialógica no contexto escolar; considerações sobre a função da escola e dos
professores no século XXI; postura colaborativa na implementação de tais
práticas; e desdobramentos da pesquisa pelo planejamento de novas ações. A
aplicação desse modelo ao contexto escolar mostrou-se viável e útil na
construção de um ambiente de convivência mais harmonioso, principalmente por
abordar valores e encorajar a revisão de pensamentos e atitudes, dando
visibilidade a aspectos de vida dos participantes que não eram percebidos por
eles antes desta experiência
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