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Nowadays, thin-walled load bearing structures can be realised using textile reinforced concrete (BRAMESHUBER and RILEM TC 201-TRC [1]). The required tensile strength is achieved by embedding several layers of textile. By means of the laminating technique the number of textile layers that can be included into the concrete could be increased. To further increase the first crack stress and the ductility as well as to optimize the crack development, fine grained concrete mixes with short fibres can be used. By a schematic stress-strain curve the demands on short fibres are defined. Within the scope of this study, short fibres made of glass, carbon, aramid and polyvinyl alcohol are investigated in terms of their ability to fit these requirements. On the basis of these results, the development of hybrid fibre mixes to achieve the best mechanical properties is described. Additionally, a conventional FRC with one fibre type is introduced. Finally, the fresh and hardened concrete properties as well as the influence of short fibres on the load bearing behaviour of textile reinforced concrete are discussed.

Nowadays, thin-walled load bearing structures can be realised using textile reinforced concrete (BRAMESHUBER and RILEM TC 201-TRC [1]). The required tensile strength is achieved by embedding several layers of textile. By means of the laminating technique the number of textile layers that can be included into the concrete could be increased. To further increase the first crack stress and the ductility as well as to optimize the crack development, fine grained concrete mixes with short fibres can be used. By a schematic stress-strain curve the demands on short fibres are defined. Within the scope of this study, short fibres made of glass, carbon, aramid and polyvinyl alcohol are investigated in terms of their ability to fit these requirements. On the basis of these results, the development of hybrid fibre mixes to achieve the best mechanical properties is described. Additionally, a conventional FRC with one fibre type is introduced. Finally, the fresh and hardened concrete properties as well as the influence of short fibres on the load bearing behaviour of textile reinforced concrete are discussed.

[pt] Neste trabalho é feito um estudo experimental da relaxação de uma fibra sintética de alta resistência, conhecida como Kevlar 49, empregada na fabricação de cabos que podem ser usados como cabos de protensão. O objetivo é obter uma equação para o cálculo da relaxação e verificar a influência de um condicionamento mecânico (aplicação e remoção de uma tensão). Foram realizados ensaios em seis amostras da fibra sob cinco níveis de tensão, equivalentes a 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50% da tensão de ruptura do material. Os ensaios foram realizados com a temperatura e umidade relativa do ar controlados na faixa de 21oC + 2oC e 77% + 7% respectivamente. O tempo de duração de cada ensaio foi de 72 horas. Os resultados revelaram que as curvas de relaxação são lineares quando plotadas numa escala logarítmica do tempo e que o coeficiente de relaxação é bem representado por uma função potencial e depende da tensão aplicada. Em adição revelaram que um condicionamento mecânico não altera o comportamento da fibra. / [en] High-strength aramid fibers have been used in the production of a variety of cables and ropes which have found several applications as structural members in bridges and other types of structures. For such applications, a sound knowledge of the time dependent material properties is highly important. An experimental investigation on the stress relaxation behavior of a high-strength aramid fiber was carried out, with the purpose of studying the viscoelastic properties of the material and the effect of a mechanical conditioning (application and removal of stress prior to testing) on these properties. The fiber used in this investigation is commercially known as Kevlar 49. The tests were conducted at five different stress levels, at constant temperature and moisture. The results showed that the fiber has a non-linear viscoelastic behavior and that the effect of the mechanical conditioning isn´t important. An equation for the prediction of the stress relaxation is presented. / [es] En este trabajo se realiza un estudio experimental de la relajamiento de una fibra sintética de alta resistencia, conocida como Kevlar 49, empleada en la fabricación de cables que pueden ser usados como cables de protensión. El objetivo es obtener una ecuación para el cálculo dela relajamiento y verificar la influencia de un condicionamento mecánico. Fueron realizados ensayos en seis muestras de la fibra bajo cinco niveles de tensión, equivalentes a 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% y 50% de la tensión de ruptura del material. Los ensayos fueron realizados con la temperatura y la humedad relativa del aire controlados en la faja de 21oC + 2oC y 77% + 7% respectivamente. El tiempo de duración de cada ensayo fue de 72 horas. Los resultados revelaron que las curvas de relajamiento son lineales cuando se utiliza una escala logarítmica para el tiempo y que el coeficiente de relajamiento está bien representado por una función potencial, que depende de la tensión aplicada. Adicionalmente, los ensayos revelaron que un condicionamento mecánico no altera el comportamiento de la fibra.

Diploma thesis deals with topic of using aramid (Kevlar) fibres in road engineering in asphalt mixtures. Theoretical part of thesis is describing characteristics of aramid fibres and their technical usage. Thesis deals with research and application of aramid fibres abroad and also in Czech Republic. Practical part deals with influence of aramid fibres, namely FORTA FI fibres in mixture with modified binder for wearing course. An integral part of this thesis is a description of all methods that were used during the processing of the practical part. In the end of the thesis there are outcomes of tests and theoretical research.