Today the most prosperous interface of architectural design and representation has become the architectural model both in its digital and physical forms. There has been a shift in the design medium from the physical modeling processes to computer-aided design, by way of which the computational design methods have established a much more dynamic, complex, and continual design. In this process, the digital design model now accompanies the whole design as a single entity, contrary to conventional analog modeling techniques where design is compartmentalized into linear phases. By the embracement of computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) in company of computeraided design (CAD), physical modeling has gained another dimension in the interwoven relationship of the digital and physical. The aim of this study is to explore the novel conceptual and computational changes which mark the departure of this new mode of design from the old. There has always been a hierarchy of presence between the virtual space of representations and architecture&rsquo / s materiality. Within this context, the emphasis of the study is on the relationship between the virtuality of conception and modeling processes, and the materiality of construction, production and fabrication.

In modern times, human life is intrinsically depending on real-time embedded systems (RTES) with increasingly safety-critical and mission-critical features, for instance, in domains such as automotive and avionics. These systems are characterized by stringent functional requirements and require predictable timing behavior. However, the complexity of RTES has been ever increasing requiring systematic development methods. To address these concerns, model-based frameworks and component-based design methodologies have emerged as a feasible solution. Further, system artifacts such as requirements/specifications, architectural designs as well as behavioral models like statemachine views are integrated within the development process. However, several challenges remain to be addressed, out of which two are especially important: expressiveness, to represent the real-time and causality behavior, and analyzability, to support verification of functional and timing behavior. As the main research contribution, this thesis presents design and verification techniques for model-based development of RTES, addressing expressiveness and analyzability for architectural and behavioral models. To begin with, we have proposed a systematic design process to support component-based development. Next, we have provided a real-time semantic basis, in order to support expressiveness and verification for structural and behavioral models. This is achieved by defining an intuitive formal semantics for real-time component models, using ProCom, a component model developed at our research centre, and also using the CCSL (Clock Constraint Specification Language), an expressive language for specification of timed causality behavior. This paves the way for formal verification of both architectural and behavioral models, using model checking, as we show in this work, by transforming the models into timed automata and performing verification using UPPAAL, a model checking tool based on timed automata. Finally, the research contributions are validated using representative examples of RTES as well as an industrial case-study. / ARROWS

Managing complexity is an increasing challenge in the development of embedded systems (ES). Some of the factors contributing to the increase in complexity are the growing complexity of hardware and software, and the increased pressure to deliver full-featured products with reduced time-to-market. An attractive approach to manage the software complexity, reduce time-to-market and decrease development costs lies in the adoption of component-based development that has been proven as a successful approach in other domains. Another raising challenge, due to complexity increase, in ES, is predictability, i.e., the ability to anticipate the behavior of a system at run-time. The particular predictability requirements of ES call for a development framework equipped with techniques and tools that can be applied to deal with requirements, such as timing, and resource utilization, already at early-stage of development. Modeling and formal analysis play increasingly important roles in achieving predictability, since they can help us to understand how systems function, validate the design and verify some important properties. In this thesis, we present a resource-aware framework for designing predictable component-based ES. The proposed framework consists of (i) the formally specified ProCom component model that takes into account the characteristics of control-intensive ES, and (ii) the resource-aware timed behavioral language - REMES for modeling and reasoning about components’ and systems’ functional and extra-functional behavior that includes relevant resource types for ES, associated analysis techniques for various resource-wise properties, and a set of associated tools. To demonstrate the potential application of our framework, we present a number of case studies, out of which one is an industrial research prototype, where ProCom and REMES are applied. / PROGRESS

The scope of this study is to illustrate the relationship between computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems, and to show how architectural modeling should be positioned in the process of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. The integration of computer aided technologies with architectural design is investigated in terms of design-production/fabrication interaction. The research has been based on a case study in which the CAD/CAM process from the initial design phase to the actual manufacturing of the design object has been explored. A design object is modeled using CAD and the model is manufactured using CAM in order to illustrate the process of CAD/CAM and its potentials related to architectural design and the construction/manufacturing/fabrication process of building. Thus, the study tries to demonstrate what digital tools can provide to the field of architecture, and lists the requirements for architectural modeling to acquire compatibility among the parts of the building process.