Numerous hydrodynamic theories may be used to predict the performance of marine propellers. The goal of this thesis is to investigate and implement a lifting line theory as a program written in FORTRAN and to test its capabilities on some Wageningen B-Series propellers. Special attention is given to the validation of the routines involved in the implementation of the theory. Difficulties were experienced in obtaining results that accurately reflect the published experimental results, and some discussion is included regarding possibilities for the sources of these errors. Also discussed are the results of other lifting line codes and their respective differences from the current implementation.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Guang R. Gao, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1994. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-81).

Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-33).

Thesis (M.E.E.)--University of Delaware, 2005. / Principal faculty advisor: Guang R. Gao, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineeering. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering and M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Computer Science and Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

The shear failure mechanisms of flexural reinforced concrete (RC) members is highly complex; its precise details cannot be explained with simple analytical relationships, and are the topic of considerable scientific debate. The studies described and examined the three most used shear theories in the world – the fixed angle truss model (45°TM), the variable angle truss model (VAT), and modified compression field theory (MCFT). These three theories rest on the assumption that a beam loaded in shear behaves as a truss. However, this assumption is applied in different ways in various codes. In this thesis, three major standards, each of which uses a different implementation of these theories (CEN, 2005; ACI-318, 2008; CSA-A23.3, 2009), were used to predict the shear force capacity of a RC railway bridge that was strengthened in flexure with near surface mounted (NSM) carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) and then tested to failure. The data obtained in this test indicated that the codes underestimated the real shear behaviour of the bridge. There are some accepted reasons for such inaccuracies, namely the use of empirically derived equations in the ACI (2008) and CSA (2009) standards and the omission of the concrete contribution in CEN (2005). Moreover, the NSM reinforcement material used exhibits elastic behaviour until the point of failure; it was found that the use of such materials introduces further decreases the accuracy of the models’ predictions. The strains that developed in the area of the bridge where shear failure was expected were monitored throughout the test using a specially-developed photographic method. The results obtained with this method were promising, especially for research purposes, since it generated reliable data using relatively affordable tools.The use of FRP for shear strengthening introduces further complications to the problem of shear in reinforced concrete members because introduces two new failure modes: debonding at the concrete interface and fibre rupture of the FRP. Extensive research has been carried out on FRP shear strengthening around the world. Much of the data gathered in these studies has been compiled in a database. By analysing this large database, it was found that the effectiveness of FRP shear strengthening is influenced by many factors, including the properties of the FRPs, the FRP strengthening configuration used, the nature of the beam’s cross-section, the shear span to depth ratio, the presence of stirrups, and the nature of the tensile reinforcement. Analysis of this database also demonstrated that most of the studies reported in the literature had focused on investigating the influence of the properties of the FRPs and the different configuration systems, and that the other factors mentioned above have been sparsely investigated if not totally ignored. The strengthening configuration and the amount of fibres influence the failure mode of the FRP and the shear force that it can carry. It appears that the side-bonded and the U-wrapped configurations are most prone to failure by debonding. This is consistent with the findings of various small experimental programs, and was confirmed by analysis of the larger dataset. These findings are relevant because failure of the FRP by debonding is more complex mechanism than is the rupture of the fibres mechanism. As is shown in this thesis, the extent to which the FRP variables (properties and strengthening configuration) can affect the point at which failure occurs and the mode by which it happens is dependent on the quantity of stirrups and tensile reinforcement in the beam, to the position of the load in relation to the size of the cross section (shear span to depth ratio), the type of strengthening configuration, the concrete and FRP properties. For design purposes, it is important to predict the shear failure of FRP shear strengthened beams with as much accuracy as possible. Therefore, a design model for debonding of the shear strengthening of concrete beams with FRP was developed and the limitations of the truss model analogy were highlighted. The fracture mechanics approach was used to analyse the behaviour of the bond between the FRP composites and the concrete. In this model, of the parameters examined, the fracture energy of concrete and the axial rigidity of the FRP are considered to be the most important. The effective strain in the FRP when debonding occurs was determined and the limitations of the anchorage length over the cross section were analysed; ultimately, a simple iterative method for shear debonding was proposed. Since the model’s predictions were considered satisfactory but not really precise, an extensive review of the literature was conducted. All of the significant theoretical models for predicting the shear capacity of FRP strengthened RC beams that have been reported over the years were analysed and commented on, and their predictions were compared to the results recorded in a preliminary experimental database. The predictions of the models that are most widely used in design were compared to the experimental results reported in the database; the model developed by the author was evaluated alongside these more established models. All of the models, including that presented in this thesis, were found to generate inaccurate predictions, but two models have been calibrated so as to provide safe estimates of the FRP shear capacity. Finally a new model for FRP shear strengthening was proposed for use in engineering. The new model was developed on the basis of an analysis of the contents of the database of experimental findings. The model incorporates several design equations adopted from various models and is set up for engineering use. The predictions of the shear force carried by the FRP strengthening material are found to be conservative. / Godkänd; 2011; 20110328 (gabsas); DISPUTATION Ämnesområde: Konstruktionsteknik/Structural Engineering Opponent: Professor Giorgio Monti, University of Rome, Italy Ordförande: Professor Björn Täljsten, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 29 april 2011, kl 13.00 Plats: F1031, Luleå tekniska universitet

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo problematizar a formação dos campos da engenharia e da arquitetura, na cidade de São Paulo, a partir da perspectiva e da intensa atuação dos construtores não diplomados. Principais agentes da construção civil e doméstica da cidade, na passagem do século XIX para o XX, os chamados não diplomados não só continuaram atuando após a regulamentação da profissão em 1933, como tiveram importante participação na constituição do mercado de trabalho, no prestígio profissional e nos mecanismos de consagração de duas das mais importantes profissões da sociedade contemporânea. No entanto, por conta de sua paulatina exclusão profissional e de seu esquecimento historiográfico, ainda são interpretados como \"menores\" na história da arquitetura e do urbanismo. Não obstante, pela quantidade e pela qualidade do que produziram, suas trajetórias trazem à baila uma cidade produzida por centenas de sujeitos de múltiplas nacionalidades e práticas construtivas distintas. Portanto, não se trata apenas de narrar como e por que o movimento corporativo de engenheiros e arquitetos diplomados paulatinamente excluiu os profissionais sem diploma, mas perceber a historicidade da formação dos campos profissionais a partir de uma estreita relação entre os \"licenciados\" e os diplomados, evidenciando assim um círculo de distinção que não dependeu apenas da lógica do diploma. / This research aims to problematize the formation of the fields of engineering and architecture, in the city of São Paulo, from the perspective and the intense performance of the non - qualified constructors. The main agents of the city\'s civil and domestic construction, from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, the so-called non-graduates not only continued to act after the regulation of the profession in 1933, but also had important participation in the labor market, professional prestige and In the mechanisms of consecration of two of the most important professions of contemporary society. However, because of their gradual professional exclusion and their historiographical oblivion, they are still interpreted as \"minor\" in the history of architecture and urbanism. Nevertheless, because of the quantity and quality of what they produced, their trajectories bring to light a city produced by hundreds of subjects from multiple nationalities and different constructive practices. Therefore, it is not only a matter of narrating how and why the corporate movement of graduated engineers and architects has gradually excluded professionals without a diploma, but rather of perceiving the historicity of the formation of professional fields from a close relationship between \"graduates\" and graduates , Thus evidencing a circle of distinction that did not depend solely on the logic of the diploma.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo problematizar a formação dos campos da engenharia e da arquitetura, na cidade de São Paulo, a partir da perspectiva e da intensa atuação dos construtores não diplomados. Principais agentes da construção civil e doméstica da cidade, na passagem do século XIX para o XX, os chamados não diplomados não só continuaram atuando após a regulamentação da profissão em 1933, como tiveram importante participação na constituição do mercado de trabalho, no prestígio profissional e nos mecanismos de consagração de duas das mais importantes profissões da sociedade contemporânea. No entanto, por conta de sua paulatina exclusão profissional e de seu esquecimento historiográfico, ainda são interpretados como \"menores\" na história da arquitetura e do urbanismo. Não obstante, pela quantidade e pela qualidade do que produziram, suas trajetórias trazem à baila uma cidade produzida por centenas de sujeitos de múltiplas nacionalidades e práticas construtivas distintas. Portanto, não se trata apenas de narrar como e por que o movimento corporativo de engenheiros e arquitetos diplomados paulatinamente excluiu os profissionais sem diploma, mas perceber a historicidade da formação dos campos profissionais a partir de uma estreita relação entre os \"licenciados\" e os diplomados, evidenciando assim um círculo de distinção que não dependeu apenas da lógica do diploma. / This research aims to problematize the formation of the fields of engineering and architecture, in the city of São Paulo, from the perspective and the intense performance of the non - qualified constructors. The main agents of the city\'s civil and domestic construction, from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, the so-called non-graduates not only continued to act after the regulation of the profession in 1933, but also had important participation in the labor market, professional prestige and In the mechanisms of consecration of two of the most important professions of contemporary society. However, because of their gradual professional exclusion and their historiographical oblivion, they are still interpreted as \"minor\" in the history of architecture and urbanism. Nevertheless, because of the quantity and quality of what they produced, their trajectories bring to light a city produced by hundreds of subjects from multiple nationalities and different constructive practices. Therefore, it is not only a matter of narrating how and why the corporate movement of graduated engineers and architects has gradually excluded professionals without a diploma, but rather of perceiving the historicity of the formation of professional fields from a close relationship between \"graduates\" and graduates , Thus evidencing a circle of distinction that did not depend solely on the logic of the diploma.